Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Triaje: instrumentos de priorización de las urgencias pediátricas

El triaje pediátrico estructurado es un proceso de evaluación clínica preliminar para priorizar la atención por grado de urgencia, identificar riesgo vital, asegurar la reevaluación de los pacientes que deben esperar, decidir el área más apropiada para atenderlos y optimizar la calidad de la atención.  Objetivo: determinar la utilidad de los métodos de triaje, Triángulo de Evaluación Pediátrica, Sistema de Alerta Temprana y SAVE A CHILD para la correcta identificación y jerarquización inicial de la gravedad de la enfermedad en niños. Material y métodos: estudio transversal de prueba diagnóstica realizado en el Servicio de Urgencias en Pediatría. Criterios de inclusión: ingreso por triaje. Criterios de exclusión: niños ya hospitalizados, ingreso por causa administrativa. Muestreo aleatorio simple. Se inició con la clasificación por un médico pediatra en triaje y asignación de nivel de gravedad (I-V) según The Canadian Paediatric E.D. Triage and Acuity Scale como estándar de referencia. Simultáneamente se recolectaron datos mediante los métodos Triángulo de Evaluación Pediátrica, Sistema de Alerta Temprana y SAVE A CHILD. Los datos obtenidos se corroboraron por un segundo pediatra al brindar la atención definitiva. Resultados: se evaluaron 1,120 niños; 560 ingresaron directamente del triaje a una cama de urgencias pediátricas (84.6% clasificados como nivel I, II o III) y 560 fueron revisados inicialmente en el consultorio después del triaje (20.2% nivel II o III). La sensibilidad para The Canadian Paediatric E.D. Triage Acuity Scale fue de 82%, obtuvimos especificidad de 80% y cociente de verosimilitudes positivo 4.16 (OR = 4.99; p < 0.001); para el Triángulo de Evaluación Pediátrica la sensibilidad fue de 81%, especificidad de 87% y cociente de verosimilitudes positivo 6.25 (OR 111; p < 0.001); para el Sistema de Alerta Temprana sensibilidad de 80%, especificidad de 85% y cociente de verosimilitudes positivo 5.2 (OR 92.3; p < 0.001); para SAVE A CHILD sensibilidad de 90%, especificidad de 23% y cociente de verosimilitudes positivo 1.2 (OR 15.2; p < 0.001). Conclusiones: el estudio demostró que el Triángulo de Evaluación Pediátrica, el Sistema de Alerta Temprana y SAVE A CHILD fueron instrumentos útiles para identificar y clasificar la gravedad de una emergencia pediátrica; el mejor resultado se obtuvo cuando se emplearon en conjunto

Optimisation et application des améliorations dans l'évaluation des compétences transversales conçues à partir de la vision multidisciplinaire d'ApreRED

The specific competences are acquired by the students and certified by passing the different subjects of the study plans. However, soft skills are not systematically worked on and are not evaluated, which means that their acquisition cannot be guaranteed. However, these skills are a fundamental basis in higher education and in the future employment of university graduates. The current methodological paradigm of Higher Education shows the importance of authentic and alternative evaluation of learning, based on relevant activities or execution tasks. AprenRED's work in recent years has focused on the field of soft skills. In this case, the objective of this study is to optimize and improve the strategies and instruments for evaluating soft skills, based on the results obtained in recent years, from our multidisciplinary perspective.Las competencias específicas son adquiridas por los estudiantes y certificadas mediante la superación de las diferentes materias de los planes de estudio. Sin embargo, las competencias transversales no se trabajan sistemáticamente y no se evalúan, lo que implica que no pueda garantizarse su adquisición. Sin embargo, dichas competencias son base fundamental en la formación superior y en la futura inserción laboral de los graduados universitarios. El actual paradigma metodológico de la Educación Superior muestra la importancia de la evaluación auténtica y alternativa de los aprendizajes, a partir de actividades o tareas de ejecución relevantes. El trabajo de AprenRED durante los últimos años se ha centrado en el campo de las competencias transversales. En este caso, el objetivo de este trabajo es optimizar y mejorar las estrategias e instrumentos de evaluación de las competencias transversales, en base a los resultados obtenidos en los últimos años, desde nuestra visión multidisciplinar.Des compétences spécifiques sont acquises par les étudiants et certifiées par la réussite des différentes matières des plans d'études. Cependant, les compétences transversales ne sont pas systématiquement travaillées et ne sont pas évaluées, ce qui ne permet pas de garantir leur acquisition. Or, ces compétences constituent une base fondamentale dans l'enseignement supérieur et dans l'emploi futur des diplômés universitaires. Le paradigme méthodologique actuel de l'enseignement supérieur montre l'importance d'une évaluation authentique et alternative des apprentissages, basée sur des activités ou des tâches d'exécution pertinentes. Le travail d'ApreRED ces dernières années s'est concentré sur le domaine des compétences transversales. Dans ce cas, l'objectif de ce travail est d'optimiser et d'améliorer les stratégies et les instruments d'évaluation des compétences transversales, sur la base des résultats obtenus ces dernières années, à partir de notre vision multidisciplinaire

Optimización y aplicación de rúbricas en la evaluación de competencias transversales, diseñadas desde la visión multidisciplinar de aprenred

Las competencias específicas son adquiridas por los estudiantes y certificadas mediante la superación de las diferentes materias de los planes de estudio. Con todo, las competencias transversales no se trabajan sistemáticamente y no se evalúan, lo que implica que no pueda garantizarse su adquisición. Sin embargo, dichas competencias son base fundamental en la formación superior y en la futura inserción laboral de los graduados universitarios. El actual paradigma metodológico de la educación superior muestra la importancia de la evaluación auténtica y alternativa de los aprendizajes, a partir de actividades o tareas de ejecución relevantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es optimizar y mejorar las rúbricas de evaluación para las competencias transversales, empleadas a través de los Formularios de Google, basándose en los resultados obtenidos en los últimos años. Las rubricas diseñadas desde nuestra visión multidisciplinar, tanto para los profesores como para los alumnos, se emplearon en 16 asignaturas diferentes, incluyendo una de máster, en 11 grados distintos, obteniendo 648 formularios por parte de los alumnos. Una de las 2 REIIT, 2022, 1,162-174 conclusiones de este trabajo es que las evaluaciones realizadas por el alumnado durante el curso 2020/21 fueron en general más positivas que las del curso 2019/20

Toxicity of Asciminib in Real Clinical Practice: Analysis of Side Effects and Cross-Toxicity with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

(1) Background: Despite the prognostic improvements achieved with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a minority of patients still fail TKIs. The recent introduction of asciminib may be a promising option in intolerant patients, as it is a first-in-class inhibitor with a more selective mechanism of action different from the ATP-competitive inhibition that occurs with TKIs. Therefore, our goal was to analyze toxicities shown with asciminib as well as to study cross-toxicity with previous TKIs. (2) Methods: An observational, multicenter, retrospective study was performed with data from 77 patients with CML with therapeutic failure to second-generation TKIs who received asciminib through a managed-access program (MAP) (3) Results: With a median follow-up of 13.7 months, 22 patients (28.5%) discontinued treatment: 32% (7/22) due to intolerance and 45% (10/22) due to resistance. Fifty-five percent of the patients reported adverse effects (AEs) with asciminib and eighteen percent grade 3&ndash;4. Most frequent AEs were: fatigue (18%), thrombocytopenia (17%), anemia (12%), and arthralgias (12%). None of the patients experienced cardiovascular events or occlusive arterial disease. Further, 26%, 25%, and 9% of patients required dose adjustment, temporary suspension, or definitive discontinuation of treatment, respectively. Toxicities under asciminib seemed lower than with prior TKIs for anemia, cardiovascular events, pleural/pericardial effusion, diarrhea, and edema. Cross-toxicity risk was statistically significant for thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, fatigue, vomiting, and pancreatitis. (4) Conclusion: Asciminib is a molecule with a good safety profile and with a low rate of AEs. However, despite its new mechanism of action, asciminib presents a risk of cross-toxicity with classical TKIs for some AEs

Toxicity of Asciminib in Real Clinical Practice: Analysis of Side Effects and Cross-Toxicity with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

Simple Summary After the recent irruption of asciminib into the therapeutic arsenal for chronic myeloid leukemia, real-life data remain scarce to determine which patients may benefit most from this drug. Data on the efficacy of the drug in real-world setting have been reported, but a detailed analysis of the toxicity profile and the influence of prior intolerance to classical tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has not been performed. The aim of the present analysis is to study in detail the toxicity profile of asciminib as well as to describe the risk of cross-toxicity with classical TKIs. These results may help to select the patient profile with the best chance of therapeutic success with asciminib monotherapy. (1) Background: Despite the prognostic improvements achieved with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a minority of patients still fail TKIs. The recent introduction of asciminib may be a promising option in intolerant patients, as it is a first-in-class inhibitor with a more selective mechanism of action different from the ATP-competitive inhibition that occurs with TKIs. Therefore, our goal was to analyze toxicities shown with asciminib as well as to study cross-toxicity with previous TKIs. (2) Methods: An observational, multicenter, retrospective study was performed with data from 77 patients with CML with therapeutic failure to second-generation TKIs who received asciminib through a managed-access program (MAP) (3) Results: With a median follow-up of 13.7 months, 22 patients (28.5%) discontinued treatment: 32% (7/22) due to intolerance and 45% (10/22) due to resistance. Fifty-five percent of the patients reported adverse effects (AEs) with asciminib and eighteen percent grade 3-4. Most frequent AEs were: fatigue (18%), thrombocytopenia (17%), anemia (12%), and arthralgias (12%). None of the patients experienced cardiovascular events or occlusive arterial disease. Further, 26%, 25%, and 9% of patients required dose adjustment, temporary suspension, or definitive discontinuation of treatment, respectively. Toxicities under asciminib seemed lower than with prior TKIs for anemia, cardiovascular events, pleural/pericardial effusion, diarrhea, and edema. Cross-toxicity risk was statistically significant for thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, fatigue, vomiting, and pancreatitis. (4) Conclusion: Asciminib is a molecule with a good safety profile and with a low rate of AEs. However, despite its new mechanism of action, asciminib presents a risk of cross-toxicity with classical TKIs for some AEs

Safe(r) by design implementation in the nanotechnology industry

International audienc

Estudios multidisciplinarios en Ciencias de la Salud

Es una distinción, como miembro de la Comisión del Programa del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, presentar el libro titulado Estudios multidisciplinarios en Ciencias de la Salud, en el que distinguidos y reconocidos investigadores, entusiastas y comprometidos alumnos del programa nos dan a conocer los resultados de sus proyectos de investigación, trabajos que forman parte de los requisitos para acceder al grado de doctor. Entre las razones que invitan a la lectura del libro destaca su contenido conformado con la participación de autores en cuatro áreas en el campo de la salud: Odontología, Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Ciencias de la Conducta, y Enfermería y Obstetricia, quienes contribuyen a incrementar el acervo del conocimiento en cada área, en favor de la ciencia, la tecnología, y la salud física y mental de la población.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis.

The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327  There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in th