Evaluation de L’attention Selective Chez les Alcoolo-dependants Admis Pour Traitament au Centre de la Croix Bleue (Cote d’Ivore)

Les effets toxiques de l’alcool sur le cerveau peuvent être mis en évidence par imagerie médicale. Ainsi, une diminution de la substance grise a été observée chez des personnes alcoolo-dépendantes. Plus la consommation d’alcool commence à un âge précoce, plus l’altération de la matière grise est importante. En Côte d’Ivoire, des travaux antérieures indiquent la présence de perturbations de l’attention sélective et de la mémoire de travail chez des adolescents et jeunes adultes non alcoolo-dépendants, mais consommateurs réguliers de koutoukou (eau-de-vie locale de fabrication artisanale, issue de la sève de palmier à huile  ̏ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.̋). Cette étude a pour objectif d’étudier les effets de l’alcool sur les facultés attentionnelles des patients alcoolo-dépendants. A cet effet, un test neuropsychologique a été utilisé afin de comparer les performances des patients avant et après traitement (sevrage). Il en ressort que l’alcool altère significativement l’attention sélective chez les alcoolo-dépendants. Cependant, il a été constaté après traitement (sevrage), une récupération progressive de ces fonctions cognitives.   The toxic effects of alcohol on the brain can be demonstrated by medical imaging. Thus, a decrease in gray matter has been observed in alcohol-dependent people. The earlier alcohol consumption begins, the greater the impairment of gray matter. In Côte d'Ivoire, previous work indicates the presence of disturbances in selective attention and working memory in non-alcohol-dependent adolescents and young adults, but regular consumers of koutoukou (local brandy made artisanal, made from oil palm sap ̏ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.̋). This study aims to study the effects of alcohol on the attentional faculties of alcohol-dependent patients. To this end, a neuropsychological test was used to compare the performance of patients before and after treatment (withdrawal). It appears that alcohol significantly alters selective attention in alcohol-dependent people. However, it was observed after treatment (withdrawal), a gradual recovery of these cognitive functions

Evaluation de L’attention Selective Chez les Alcoolo-dependants Admis Pour Traitament au Centre de la Croix Bleue (Cote d’Ivore)

Les effets toxiques de l’alcool sur le cerveau peuvent être mis en évidence par imagerie médicale. Ainsi, une diminution de la substance grise a été observée chez des personnes alcoolo-dépendantes. Plus la consommation d’alcool commence à un âge précoce, plus l’altération de la matière grise est importante. En Côte d’Ivoire, des travaux antérieures indiquent la présence de perturbations de l’attention sélective et de la mémoire de travail chez des adolescents et jeunes adultes non alcoolo-dépendants, mais consommateurs réguliers de koutoukou (eau-de-vie locale de fabrication artisanale, issue de la sève de palmier à huile  ̏ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.̋). Cette étude a pour objectif d’étudier les effets de l’alcool sur les facultés attentionnelles des patients alcoolo-dépendants. A cet effet, un test neuropsychologique a été utilisé afin de comparer les performances des patients avant et après traitement (sevrage). Il en ressort que l’alcool altère significativement l’attention sélective chez les alcoolo-dépendants. Cependant, il a été constaté après traitement (sevrage), une récupération progressive de ces fonctions cognitives.   The toxic effects of alcohol on the brain can be demonstrated by medical imaging. Thus, a decrease in gray matter has been observed in alcohol-dependent people. The earlier alcohol consumption begins, the greater the impairment of gray matter. In Côte d'Ivoire, previous work indicates the presence of disturbances in selective attention and working memory in non-alcohol-dependent adolescents and young adults, but regular consumers of koutoukou (local brandy made artisanal, made from oil palm sap ̏ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.̋). This study aims to study the effects of alcohol on the attentional faculties of alcohol-dependent patients. To this end, a neuropsychological test was used to compare the performance of patients before and after treatment (withdrawal). It appears that alcohol significantly alters selective attention in alcohol-dependent people. However, it was observed after treatment (withdrawal), a gradual recovery of these cognitive functions

Evaluation de l’Attention Selective chez les Alcoolodependants Admis au Centre de la Croix Bleue (Cote d’Ivoire)

 Les effets toxiques de l’alcool sur le cerveau peuvent être mis en évidence par imagerie médicale. Ainsi, une diminution de la substance grise a été observée chez des personnes alcoolo-dépendantes. Plus la consommation d’alcool commence à un âge précoce, plus l’altération de la matière grise est importante. En Côte d’Ivoire, des travaux antérieures indiquent la présence de perturbations de l’attention sélective et de la mémoire de travail chez des adolescents et jeunes adultes non alcoolo-dépendants, mais consommateurs réguliers de koutoukou (eau-de-vie locale de fabrication artisanale, issue de la sève de palmier à huile  ̏ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.̋). Cette étude a pour objectif d’étudier les effets de l’alcool sur les facultés attentionnelles des patients alcoolo-dépendants. A cet effet, un test neuropsychologique (test de Stroop) a été utilisé afin de comparer les performances attentionnelles des patients avant et après traitement (sevrage). Il en ressort que l’alcool altère significativement l’attention sélective chez les alcoolo-dépendants. Cependant, il a été constaté après traitement (sevrage), une récupération progressive de cette fonction cognitive. Cependant les performances des sujets traités n’égalent pas celle des témoins. (préciser le type de l’approche / étude ; ressortir les principaux résultats pour le lecteur).   The toxic effects of alcohol on the brain can be demonstrated by medical imaging. Thus, a decrease in the gray matter has been observed in alcohol-dependent people. The earlier alcohol consumption begins, the greater the impairment of gray matter. In Côte d'Ivoire, previous work indicates the presence of disturbances in selective attention and working memory in non-alcohol-dependent adolescents and young adults, but regular consumers of koutoukou (local brandy made artisanal, made from oil palm sap ̏ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.̋). This study aims to study the effects of alcohol on the attentional faculties of alcohol-dependent patients. To this end, a neuropsychological test (Stroop test) was used to compare the attentional performance of patients before and after treatment (withdrawal). It appears that alcohol significantly alters selective attention in alcohol-dependent people. However, it was observed after treatment (withdrawal), a gradual recovery of these cognitive functions. However, the performance of the treated subjects did not equal that of the controls

A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (ANAJIS trial)

To assess the efficacy of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist anakinra in systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA).status: publishe

Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers

Value of ultrasonography as a marker of early response to abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate: results from the APPRAISE study

Objectives: To study the responsiveness of a combined power Doppler and greyscale ultrasound (PDUS) score for assessing synovitis in biologic-naïve patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starting abatacept plus methotrexate (MTX). Methods: In this open-label, multicentre, single-arm study, patients with RA (MTX inadequate responders) received intravenous abatacept (∼10 mg/kg) plus MTX for 24 weeks. A composite PDUS synovitis score, developed by the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology–European League Against Rheumatism (OMERACT–EULAR)-Ultrasound Task Force, was used to evaluate individual joints. The maximal score of each joint was added into a Global OMERACT–EULAR Synovitis Score (GLOESS) for bilateral metacarpophalangeal joints (MCPs) 2–5 (primary objective). The value of GLOESS containing other joint sets was explored, along with clinical efficacy. Results: Eighty-nine patients completed the 24-week treatment period. The earliest PDUS sign of improvement in synovitis was at week 1 (mean change in GLOESS (MCPs 2–5): −0.7 (95% CIs −1.2 to −0.1)), with continuous improvement to week 24. Early improvement was observed in the component scores (power Doppler signal at week 1, synovial hyperplasia at week 2, joint effusion at week 4). Comparable changes were observed for 22 paired joints and minimal joint subsets. Mean Disease Activity Score 28 (C reactive protein) was significantly reduced from weeks 1 to 24, reaching clinical meaningful improvement (change ≥1.2) at week 8. Conclusions: In this first international prospective study, the composite PDUS score is responsive to abatacept. GLOESS demonstrated the rapid onset of action of abatacept, regardless of the number of joints examined. Ultrasound is an objective tool to monitor patients with RA under treatment. Trial registration number: NCT00767325

Normandie médiévale

Bienvenu Jean-Marc. Normandie médiévale. In: Études Normandes, 43e année, n°1, 1994. Trois Normands. pp. 71-72

L'Ordre de Fontevraud et la Normandie au XIIe siècle

Bienvenu Jean-Marc. L'Ordre de Fontevraud et la Normandie au XIIe siècle. In: Annales de Normandie, 35ᵉ année, n°1, 1985. pp. 3-15

Normandie médiévale

Bienvenu Jean-Marc. Normandie médiévale. In: Études Normandes, 43e année, n°1, 1994. Trois Normands. pp. 71-72