Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This article focuses on current guidelines for the primary prevention of CVD and addresses management of key risk factors. Dietary modification, weight loss, exercise, and tobacco use cessation are specific areas where focused efforts can successfully reduce CVD risk on both an individual and a societal level. Specific areas requiring management include dyslipidemia, hypertension, physical activity, diabetes, aspirin use, and alcohol intake. These preventive efforts have major public health implications. As the global population continues to grow, health care expenditures will also rise, with the potential to eventually overwhelm the health care system. Therefore it is imperative to apply our collective efforts on CVD prevention to improve the cardiovascular health of individuals, communities, and nations

Measurement of Leptonic Asymmetries and Top Quark Polarization in ttbar Production

We present measurements of lepton (l) angular distributions in ttbar -> W+ b W- b -> l+ nu b l- nubar bbar decays produced in ppbar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=1.96TeV, where l is an electron or muon. Using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4fb^-1, collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Collider, we find that the angular distributions of l- relative to anti-protons and l+ relative to protons are in agreement with each other. Combining the two distributions and correcting for detector acceptance we obtain the forward-backward asymmetry A^l_FB = (5.8 +- 5.1(stat) +- 1.3(syst))%, compared to the standard model prediction of A^l_FB (predicted) = (4.7 +- 0.1)%. This result is further combined with the measurement based on the analysis of the l+jets final state to obtain A^l_FB = (11.8 +- 3.2)%. Furthermore, we present a first study of the top-quark polarization.Comment: submitted versio

Search for B0→π0π0B^{0}\to \pi^{0}\pi^{0} Decay

We have searched for the charmless hadronic decay of B0 mesons into two neutral pions. Using 9.13fb^-1 taken at the Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector, we obtain an improved upper limit for the branching fraction BR(B0-->pi0pi0) < 5.7*10^-6 at the 90% confidence level.Comment: pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

Search for Zgamma events with large missing transverse energy in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV

We present the first search for supersymmetry (SUSY) in Zgamma final states with large missing transverse energy using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.2 fb-1 collected with the D0 experiment in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV. This signature is predicted in gauge-mediated SUSY-breaking models, where the lightest neutralino is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) and is produced in pairs, possibly through decay from heavier supersymmetric particles. The NLSP can decay either to a Z boson or a photon and an associated gravitino that escapes detection. We exclude this model at the 95% C.L. for SUSY breaking scales of Lambda < 87 TeV, corresponding to neutralino masses of < 151 GeV.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Search for WHWH associated production in ppˉp \bar{p} collisions at s=1.96 TeV\sqrt{s}=1.96\,{\rm TeV}

This report describes a search for associated production of $W$ and Higgs bosons based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $\cal{L}$$\approx 5.3 \rm fb^{-1}$ collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron $p\bar{p}$ Collider. Events containing a $W\rightarrow \ell \nu$ candidate (with $\ell$ corresponding to $e$ or $\mu$) are selected in association with two or three reconstructed jets. One or two of the jets are required to be consistent with having evolved from a $b$ quark. A multivariate discriminant technique is used to improve the separation of signal and backgrounds. Expected and observed upper limits are obtained for the product of the $WH$ production cross section and branching ratios and reported in terms of ratios relative to the prediction of the standard model as a function of the mass of the Higgs boson ($M_{H}$). The observed and expected 95% C.L. upper limits obtained for an assumed $M_{H}=115 \rm GeV$ are, respectively, factors of 4.5 and 4.8 larger than the value predicted by the standard model.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figure

Measurement of the semileptonic charge asymmetry in B0 meson mixing with the D0 detector

We present a measurement of the semileptonic mixing asymmetry for B0 mesons, a^d_{sl}, using two independent decay channels: B0 -> mu+D-X, with D- -> K+pi-pi-; and B0 -> mu+D*-X, with D*- -> antiD0 pi-, antiD0 -> K+pi- (and charge conjugate processes). We use a data sample corresponding to 10.4 fb^{-1} of ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV, collected with the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. We extract the charge asymmetries in these two channels as a function of the visible proper decay length (VPDL) of the B0 meson, correct for detector-related asymmetries using data-driven methods, and account for dilution from charge-symmetric processes using Monte Carlo simulation. The final measurement combines four signal VPDL regions for each channel, yielding a^d_{sl} = [0.68 \pm 0.45 \text{(stat.)} \pm 0.14 \text{(syst.)}]%. This is the single most precise measurement of this parameter, with uncertainties smaller than the current world average of B factory measurements.Comment: Version includes minor textual changes following peer review by journal, most notably the updating of Ref. [21] to reflect the most recent publicatio

Measurement of the semileptonic charge asymmetry using Bs^0 -> D_s mu X decays

We present a measurement of the time-integrated flavor-specific semileptonic charge asymmetry in the decays of Bs mesons that have undergone flavor mixing, a^s_ls, using B_s^0 (barB_s^0) -> D_s^-/+ mu^+/- X decays, with D_s^-/+ -> phi pi^-/+ and phi K^+ K^-, using 10.4 fb^-1 of proton-antiproton collisions collected by the D0 detector during Run II at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. A fit to the difference between the time-integrated D_s^-$ and D_s^+ mass distributions of the B_s^0 and barB^0_s candidates yields the flavor-specific asymmetry a^s_ls = [-1.12 pm 0.74 (stat) +/-0.17 (syst)]% which is the most precise measurement and in agreement with the standard model prediction.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures (updated with changes made in journal review process

Search for Neutral Higgs Bosons in Events with Multiple Bottom Quarks at the Tevatron

The combination of searches performed by the CDF and D0 collaborations at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider for neutral Higgs bosons produced in association with b quarks is reported. The data, corresponding to 2.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity at CDF and 5.2 fb-1 at D0, have been collected in final states containing three or more b jets. Upper limits are set on the cross section multiplied by the branching ratio varying between 44 pb and 0.7 pb in the Higgs boson mass range 90 to 300 GeV, assuming production of a narrow scalar boson. Significant enhancements to the production of Higgs bosons can be found in theories beyond the standard model, for example in supersymmetry. The results are interpreted as upper limits in the parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric standard model in a benchmark scenario favoring this decay mode.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Search for the Higgs boson in lepton, tau and jets final states

We present a search for the standard model Higgs boson in final states with an electron or muon and a hadronically decaying tau lepton in association with two or more jets using 9.7 fb^{-1} of Run II Fermilab Tevatron Collider data collected with the D0 detector. The analysis is sensitive to Higgs boson production via gluon fusion, associated vector boson production, and vector boson fusion, followed by the Higgs boson decay to tau lepton pairs or to W boson pairs. The ratios of 95% C.L. upper limits on the cross section times branching ratio to those predicted by the standard model are obtained for orthogonal subsamples that are enriched in either H -> tau tau decays or H -> WW decays, and for the combination of these subsample limits. The observed and expected limit ratios for the combined subsamples at a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV are 11.3 and 9.0 respectively