8 research outputs found

    Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

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    Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

    Estructura de la negociación colectiva e incrementos salariales en España

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    En los últimos años proliferan en la economía española propuestas para modificar la estructura de la negociación colectiva en aras de avanzar hacia una mayor descentralización de la negociación colectiva, fomentando los convenios de empresa. Dichos estudios parten de la premisa de que la actual estructura de la negociación colectiva española es ineficiente debido al predominio de mecanismos intermedios de negociación colectiva en términos del grado de centralización-descentralización de la negociación colectiva, siendo esta ineficiencia una de las razones explicativas de las tasas de inflación y de las elevadas y persistentes tasas de desempleo en España. El presente trabajo trata de contrastar la validez de estas propuestas analizando, en primer lugar, si la negociación colectiva española puede considerarse un elemento determinante de las tasas deparo e inflación registradas y, en segundo lugar, si el pasado y presente de la estructura de la negociación colectiva puede ser considerada como ineficiente, lo que permitiría justificar propuestas de reforma bien sea en el sentido de avanzar hacia una mayor descentralización o, por el contrario, hacia una mayor centralización de la negociación colectiva

    Characteristics and predictors of death among 4035 consecutively hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Spain

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    Intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure and postoperative pulmonary complications: a patient-level meta-analysis of three randomised clinical trials.

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