Detection of Comparability Subgraphs from Large Networks

Real world large scale networks can be represented as graphs. This approach plays a key role in analysis in the domains of social networks [1] and bioinformatics [2], among others. Analyzing these networks is computationally complex and expensive, especially in terms of memory and time complexity. A popular technique subverting time and computation expense for analyzing networks is extracting substructures, which preserves more important information and less noise [12]. In this work, we use special a special substructure called comparability, which preserves transitive orientation. Our motive is to extract a maximal comparability subgraph since no algorithm exists. Our algorithm is able to find a maximal comparability subgraph from both undirected and directed graphs. Finding a clique of given size is a NP-complete problem, so we must implement some additional constraints to maximize time efficiency. If the given input graph is chordal, then extraction of the clique of size n becomes a problem that is solvable in polynomial time. So we have written an algorithm to find the clique of given size, and implemented the algorithm to find a maximal chordal subgraph. Since we worked on two different special subgraphs, we compared our results to investigate whether the given graph is chordal or comparability in nature. In our research, we have proposed a parallel sampling method for efficient network analysis

Quality attributes of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Bercht & Presl.) accessions grown at Shevroys (Tamil Nadu, India)

The quality of bark and leaf of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Bercht & Presl.) is determined by their oil and oleoresin contents. The quality of cinnamon is known to vary depending on the region where they are grown (Pruthi 1979). Five accessions of cinnamon collected from Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, are being maintained at Horticultural Research Station, Yercaud (Tamil Nadu, India) (1450 m < MSL). The quality parameters of these accessions were analysed and are reported here. &nbsp

Quality attributes of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Bercht & Presl.) accessions grown at Shevroys (Tamil Nadu, India)

The quality of bark and leaf of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Bercht & Presl.) is determined by their oil and oleoresin contents. The quality of cinnamon is known to vary depending on the region where they are grown (Pruthi 1979). Five accessions of cinnamon collected from Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, are being maintained at Horticultural Research Station, Yercaud (Tamil Nadu, India) (1450 m < MSL). The quality parameters of these accessions were analysed and are reported here. &nbsp

The Therapeutic Management of Back Pain With and Without Sciatica in the Emergency department: A Systematic review

Introduction An increasing number of patients are attending the Emergency Department (ED) with back pain with or without sciatica. There is evidence to suggest that medical management is varied and inconsistent. Objective The purpose of this study was to review the literature to determine the evidence base for the therapeutic management of adults presenting with back pain with or without sciatica in the ED. Methods A systematic review of the literature included the therapeutic management of patients presenting in the ED. Articles published in peer review journals in English language up to August 2018 were searched for in the following data-bases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, ZETOC, PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), Web of Science, Open Grey and ETHOS. A narrative synthesis approach was followed. Results Twenty two studies, including 17 randomised control trials, one randomised control pilot study, two cohort studies, one cohort pilot study and one retrospective audit were included. The Downs and Black methodological quality scores ranged from 16 to 31 with a mean score of 24 out of a possible 32. Conclusion Evidence suggests that Naproxen alone should be considered as first line management in cases of back pain without sciatica. Intra-venous corticosteroids should be considered in the management of cases of severe sciatica. More high quality trials are needed to determine an evidence-based management protocol for the treatment of acute low back pain in the ED, specifically focusing on non-pharmacological management and the first line management of patients presenting with LBP with sciatica

Does a single dose of intravenous dexamethasone reduce Symptoms in Emergency department patients with low Back pain and RAdiculopathy (SEBRA)? A double-blind randomised controlled trial

Objective: To assess the effect of a single dose of intravenous dexamethasone in addition to routine treatment on visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores at 24 h in emergency department (ED) patients with low back pain with radiculopathy (LBPR). Methods: Double-blind randomised controlled trial of 58 adult ED patients with LBPR, conducted in one tertiary and one urban ED. The intervention was 8 mg of intravenous dexamethasone (or placebo) in addition to current routine care. The primary outcome was the change in VAS pain scores between presentation and 24 h. Secondary outcomes included VAS pain scores at 6 weeks, ED length of stay (EDLOS), straight leg raise (SLR) angles and Oswestry functional scores. Results: Patients treated with dexamethasone had a 1.86 point (95% CI 0.31 to 3.42, p=0.019) greater reduction in VAS pain scores at 24 h than placebo (dexamethasone: −2.63 (95% CI −3.63 to −1.63) versus placebo: −0.77 (95% CI −2.04 to 0.51)). At 6 weeks, both groups had similar significant and sustained decrease in VAS scores compared with baseline. Patients receiving dexamethasone had a significantly shorter EDLOS (median: 3.5 h vs 18.8 h, p=0.049) and improved SLR angle at discharge (14.7°, p=0.040). There was no difference in functional scores. Conclusions: In patients with LBPR, a single dose of intravenous dexamethasone in addition to routine management improved VAS pain scores at 24 h, but this effect was not statistically significant at 6 weeks. Dexamethasone may reduce EDLOS and can be considered as a safe adjunct to standard treatment. Trial registration number: ACTRN12611001020976