The validity of single item and domain specific sitting time questionnaires in a student population measured under free-living conditions

Sedentary time questionnaires provide a low cost, low participant burden way of assessing sedentary behavior, but their subjectivity is questionable. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of sedentary time questionnaires, both single item and domain specific, in a student population under free living conditions with accelerometry as criterion measure.It is hypothesised that both sedentary time questionnaires underestimate the sitting time. Twenty healthy subjects (15 male, 5 female) participated in a one-week observational study under free-living conditions. They wore an accelerometer (activPAL) continuously for 7 consecutive days and afterwards filled in a single item (IPAQ) and a domain specific sedentary time questionnaire (dsSTQ) about the same time period. Spearman correlations were used to assess relative validity and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess absolute agreement between questionnaires and accelerometry. Sitting time was significantly underestimated by the IPAQ and insignificantly overestimated by the dsSTQ compared to accelerometry for the full week average sitting times. Correlations between questionnaires and accelerometry were weak to moderate. For both questionnaires there were large individual differences in estimations compared to accelerometry. The correlation between questionnaire and accelerometer determined sitting events lasting 30 minutes or longer was moderate. The dsSTQ is the more accurate measure of the two questionnaires on sitting time on the population level. However, there were large individual differences in estimations, and thus it does not seem to be a valid, reliable measurement tool for sitting time in small populations and in studies were sitting time is an important outcome. For these studies, accelerometry or more preferably direct observation provides a better estimate of sitting time

Effects of sea water and stanniectomy on branchial Ca2+ handling and drinking rate in eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Contains fulltext : JEB_VOL.202_Iss._18_p_2505-2511.PDF ( ) (Open Access

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Metakognitif Melalui Konsep Spiritual Quotient Pendidikan Agama Islam Di SMP Swasta Tunas Mandiri Tanjung Pura

Based on the data obtained by the author, it is known that 73% of students still have relatively poor metacognitive abilities. This is caused by several things, including students' lack of interest in learning activities in the field of study of Islamic Religious Education, the learning process still relies on the teacher as the provider of all material information related to the field of study of Islamic Religious Education and students have not been actively involved as learning subjects. According to the teacher in the field of Islamic religious education at Tunas Mandiri Private Middle School, he explained that students' metacognitive abilities in Islamic religious education learning activities were included in the low criteria because students had not been able to fully understand the subject matter given by the teacher in the Islamic religious education study field. The background of this problem makes researchers interested in proposing research using a classroom action research model to find out whether there is an increase in metacognitive abilities through the concept of Spiritual Quotient which can be identified through the application of action interventions for 3 (three) cycles. Based on the results of observations, interviews and test instruments used by researchers, data can be obtained, namely the Spiritual Quotient Concept can improve learning outcomes in the subject of Islamic Religious Education for Class VIII students of Tunas Mandiri Private Middle School with a percentage increase, namely from the pre-cycle the completeness value of students only reaches 29 .8 % students. Then in the first cycle, the percentage of students' completeness score was 45.9, an increase of 16.1 from the pre-cycle. In cycle II, the percentage of mastery learning was achieved by 78.4%, there was an increase in student mastery by 32.5 from cycle I. In Cycle III, learning mastery was achieved by 100, an increase from cycle II. So, there is an increase between cycle II to cycle III, namely 21.6. If taken into account from the pre-cycle to the third cycle there is an increase in the level of 70.2. So it can be concluded that the application of the Spiritual Quotient Concept can improve students' ability to improve metacognitive abilities

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Diagnostic Task Force Criteria Impact of New Task Force Criteria

Background-Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) Diagnostic Task Force Criteria (TFC) proposed in 1994 are highly specific but lack sensitivity. A new international task force modified criteria to improve diagnostic yield. A comparison of diagnosis by 1994 TFC versus newly proposed criteria in 3 patient groups was conducted. Methods and Results-In new TFC, scoring by major and minor criteria is maintained. Structural abnormalities are quantified and TFC highly specific for ARVD/C upgraded to major. Furthermore, new criteria are added: terminal activation duration of QRS ≥55 ms, ventricular tachycardia with left bundle-branch block morphology and superior axis, and genetic criteria. Three groups were studied: (1) 105 patients with proven ARVD/C according to 1994 TFC, (2) 89 of their family members, and (3) 39 patients with probable ARVD/C (ie, 3 points by 1994 TFC). All were screened for pathogenic mutations in desmosomal genes. Three ARVD/C patients did not meet the new sharpened criteria on structural abnormalities and thereby did not fulfill new TFC. In 62 of 105 patients with proven ARVD/C, mutations were found: 58 in the gene encoding Plakophilin2 (PKP2), 3 in Desmoglein2, 3 in Desmocollin2, and 1 in Desmoplakin. Three patients had bigenic involvement. Ten additional relatives (11%) fulfilled new TFC: 9 (90%) were female, and all carried PKP2 mutations. No rel

Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche.

Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and all-cause mortality. Studies of rare human disorders of puberty and animal models point to a complex hypothalamic-pituitary-hormonal regulation, but the mechanisms that determine pubertal timing and underlie its links to disease risk remain unclear. Here, using genome-wide and custom-genotyping arrays in up to 182,416 women of European descent from 57 studies, we found robust evidence (P < 5 × 10(-8)) for 123 signals at 106 genomic loci associated with age at menarche. Many loci were associated with other pubertal traits in both sexes, and there was substantial overlap with genes implicated in body mass index and various diseases, including rare disorders of puberty. Menarche signals were enriched in imprinted regions, with three loci (DLK1-WDR25, MKRN3-MAGEL2 and KCNK9) demonstrating parent-of-origin-specific associations concordant with known parental expression patterns. Pathway analyses implicated nuclear hormone receptors, particularly retinoic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid-B2 receptor signalling, among novel mechanisms that regulate pubertal timing in humans. Our findings suggest a genetic architecture involving at least hundreds of common variants in the coordinated timing of the pubertal transition

Associations between sitting time and a range of symptoms in mid-age women

Objective. The aim of this study was to explore longitudinal associations between sitting and physical and psychological symptoms in mid-age women

Hart 3.0: stimulatie tot regeneratie

Oratie uitgesproken door Prof.dr. Douwe E. Atsma bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van hoogleraar in de cardiologie, in het bijzonder cardiale celtherapie aan de Universiteit Leiden op vrijdag 20 juni 2014Oratie uitgesproken door Prof.dr. Douwe E. Atsma bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van hoogleraar in de cardiologie, in het bijzonder cardiale celtherapie aan de Universiteit Leiden op vrijdag 20 juni 201

Joint optimization of a β\beta-VAE for ECG task-specific feature extraction

Electrocardiography is the most common method to investigate the condition of the heart through the observation of cardiac rhythm and electrical activity, for both diagnosis and monitoring purposes. Analysis of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is commonly performed through the investigation of specific patterns, which are visually recognizable by trained physicians and are known to reflect cardiac (dis)function. In this work we study the use of $\beta$-variational autoencoders (VAEs) as an explainable feature extractor, and improve on its predictive capacities by jointly optimizing signal reconstruction and cardiac function prediction. The extracted features are then used for cardiac function prediction using logistic regression. The method is trained and tested on data from 7255 patients, who were treated for acute coronary syndrome at the Leiden University Medical Center between 2010 and 2021. The results show that our method significantly improved prediction and explainability compared to a vanilla $\beta$-VAE, while still yielding similar reconstruction performance.Comment: Conference paper, 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl