673 research outputs found
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Digital Creativity Support for Original Journalism
The decline in circulations and revenues resulting from the digitalization of news production and consumption has led to a crisis in journalism.Journalists have less time to research, investigate and write original stories, leading to problems for our democratic processes and holding the powerful to account. This paper reports the architecture, features and rationale for new digital creativity support designed to support journalists to discover more original angles onstories. It also summarises the evaluation of the tool’s use in 3 newsrooms
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Creative Information Exploration in Journalism
Existing digital tools used by journalists such as content management systems and search engines focus on helping journalists find relevant information and organize their creative work; they do not provide support for discovering creative angles to investigate. To meet this need in journalism, we have researched new creative search algorithms that manipulate the journalist’s primary medium – written information – and developed an innovative creativity and productivity support tool deliberately for use by journalists. In this paper, we analyse the creative tasks journalists perform when developing new stories, we provide an overview of requirements, which have been addressed by the INJECT digital creativity support tool for journalists. Further, we explain the intended use of the system using a walkthrough scenario and present our early experiences from deploying the tool in journalist’s working environments
Toward a Psychology of Surrogate Decision Making
In everyday life, many of the decisions that we make are made on behalf of other people. A growing body of research suggests that we often, but not always, make different decisions on behalf of other people than the other person would choose. This is problematic in the practical case of legally designated surrogate decision makers, who may not meet the substituted judgment standard. Here, we review evidence from studies of surrogate decision making and examine the extent to which surrogate decision making accurately predicts the recipient’s wishes, or if it is an incomplete or distorted application of the surrogate’s own decision-making processes. We find no existing domain-general model of surrogate decision making. We propose a framework by which surrogate decision making can be assessed and a novel domain-general theory as a unifying explanatory concept for surrogate decisions
Pancreatectomy for metastatic real cell carcinoma : twenty years of experience at a tertiary centre
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 90% of primary renal malignancies, of which the clear cell subtype is most common. While metastatic disease is common at the time of diagnosis and generally confers a poor prognosis, metastatic RCC may demonstrate relatively indolent behaviour and present many years after resection of the primary tumour, including to the pancreas. The available literature suggested that surgical resection was appropriate for select patients, including those with a solitary pancreatic metastasis, minimal comorbidities and uncomplicated progress from initial treatment of their primary renal malignancy. A retrospective case series of patients presenting with RCC metastases to the pancreas, managed via surgical resection at a tertiary teaching hospital was reviewed. Analysis of patient demographics, investigations, management and outcomes were performed, with a focus on post-operative morbidity and overall survival. Between 2000 and 2020, 7 patients underwent pancreatic resection of RCC metastases at our tertiary teaching hospital with curative intent. Median age at time of resection was 66 years. No post-operative mortality or major morbidity was experienced by the 7 patients, although 4 patients developed some degree of pancreatic insufficiency. Four patients experienced recurrent metastatic RCC, with median time to recurrence of 3.5 years. This was the largest local study to describe an Australian experience of the surgical management of RCC pancreatic metastases. These patients are frequently afforded prolonged survival following pancreatic resection, but often develop other distant sites of disease and second renal tumours
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Facilitating Creativity in Collaborative Work with Computational Intelligence Software
The use of computational intelligence for leveraging social creativity is a relatively new approach that allows organizations to find creative solutions to complex problems in which the interaction between stakeholders is crucial. The creative solutions that come from joint thinking-from the combined knowledge and abilities of people with diverse perspectives-contrast with traditional views of creativity that focus primarily on the individual as the main contributor of creativity. In an effort to support social creativity in organizations, in this paper we present computational intelligence software tools for that aim and an architecture for creating software mashups based on the concept of affinity space. The affinity space defines a digital setting to facilitate specific scenarios in collaborative business environments. The solution presented includes a set of free and open source software tools ranging from newly developed brainstorming applications to an expertise recommender for enhancing social creativity in the enterprise. The current paper addresses software design issues and presents reflections on the research work undertaken in the COLLAGE project between 2012 and 2015
Risk assessment of non-native fishes in the Balkans Region using FISK, the invasiveness screening tool for non-native freshwater fishes
A high level of freshwater fish endemism in the Balkans Region emphasizes the need for non-native species risk assessments to inform management and control measures, with pre-screening tools, such as the Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK) providing a useful first step. Applied to 43 non-native and translocated freshwater fishes in four Balkan countries, FISK reliably discriminated between invasive and non-invasive species, with a calibration threshold value of 9.5 distinguishing between species of medium and high risk sensu lato of becoming invasive. Twelve of the 43 species were assessed by scientists from two or more Balkan countries, and the remaining 31 species by a single assessor. Using the 9.5 threshold, three species were classed as low risk, 10 as medium risk, and 30 as high risk, with the latter category comprised of 26 moderately high risk, three high risk, and one very high risk species. Confidence levels in the assessments were relatively constant for all species, indicating concordance amongst assessors
A pilot study of the predictive potential of chemosensitivity and gene expression assays using circulating tumour cells from patients with recurrent ovarian cancer
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) from liquid biopsies are under current investigation in several cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) but face significant drawbacks in terms of non-standardised methodology, low viable cell numbers and accuracy of CTC identification. In this pilot study, we report that chemosensitivity assays using liquid biopsy-derived metastatic EOC CTCs, from 10 patients, nine with stage IIIC and one with stage IV disease, in progression after systemic chemotherapy, submitted for hypoxic isolated abdominal perfusion (HAP), are both feasible and useful in predicting response to therapy. Viable metastatic EOC CTCs (>5 cells/mL for all 10 blood samples), enriched by transient culture and identified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence (IF), were subjected to flow cytometry-based Annexin V-PE assays for chemosensitivity to several chemotherapeutic agents and by RT-PCR for tumour gene expression profiling. Using a cut-off value of >80% cell death, CTC chemosensitivity tests were predictive of patient RECIST 1.1 responses to HAP therapy associated with 100% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 33% positive predictive, 100% negative predictive and 60% accuracy values. We propose that the methodology employed in this study is feasible and has the potential to predict response to therapy, setting the stage for a larger study
Feasibility studies of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors at PANDA at FAIR
Simulation results for future measurements of electromagnetic proton form
factors at \PANDA (FAIR) within the PandaRoot software framework are reported.
The statistical precision with which the proton form factors can be determined
is estimated. The signal channel is studied on the basis
of two different but consistent procedures. The suppression of the main
background channel, , is studied.
Furthermore, the background versus signal efficiency, statistical and
systematical uncertainties on the extracted proton form factors are evaluated
using two different procedures. The results are consistent with those of a
previous simulation study using an older, simplified framework. However, a
slightly better precision is achieved in the PandaRoot study in a large range
of momentum transfer, assuming the nominal beam conditions and detector
performance
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