The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

The costs of grasping movement plans: Modulated short-term memory (STM) and motor performance in a dual-task scenario

Spiegel MA, Weigelt M, Schack T. The costs of grasping movement plans: Modulated short-term memory (STM) and motor performance in a dual-task scenario. In: Heinen T, Milek A, Hohmann T, Raab M, eds. Embodiment: Wahrnehmung - Kognition - Handlung. Tagung der dvs-Sektion Sportmotorik in Köln. Köln: Dt. Sporthochschule; 2011: 236

Methadone maintenance outcome as a function of detoxification phobia

tag=1 data=Methadone maintenance outcome as a function of detoxification phobia. tag=2 data=Milby, Jesse B.%Hohmann, Ann A.%Gentile, Mary%Huggins, Norman%Sims, Mary Kaye%McLellan, Thomas%Woody, George%Haas, Neil tag=3 data=American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol 151 no. 7, p. 1031-1037. tag=6 data=^d ^mJuly ^y1994 tag=8 data=DRUGS tag=9 data=METHADONE tag=15 data=JO

Signal processing in hearing aids: results of the HEARCOM project

Digital hearing aids of today allow the application of advanced signal processing strategies. In recent years a number of promising signal processing approaches have been designed and developed. However, most of these different evolutions have been evaluated only in a limited way. Within the framework of the HEARCOM EU-research project a number of signal enhancement techniques have been further developed and evaluated based on a representative set of real-life recordings and physical performance measures. Different auditory profiles, representing common categories of hearing aid users, have been taken into account. A selection of 5 of these signal enhancement techniques (single-channel noise suppression, blind source separation, dereverberation, multi-microphone adaptive processing, feedback reduction) has been implemented on a single common hard- and software test platform, the Master Hearing Aid (MHA). These signal processing strategies have been evaluated perceptually based on speech reception thresholds, listening effort and preference rating, at 5 different test-sites for a number of speech-and-noise listening scenarios. Fifty normal hearing subjects and 100 hearing aid users according to 2 auditory profiles, took part in this stud

Birth to three matters: a framework to support children in their earliest years

Government commitment to the care and education of children from birth to three years in England led to the commissioning in 2001 of 'a framework of best practice' (DfEE, 2001:24) to support children in their earliest years. The resulting framework of 'effective' practice, together with supporting materials, was developed by a team based at Manchester Metropolitan University and led by Professor Lesley Abbott. Published as 'Birth to Three Matters' (DfES, 2002) the materials were distributed and disseminated nationally during 2003/2003. The project was underpinned by extensive research and consultation which both informed the framework development and raised important issues for future debate, policy and practice. An overview of the process is presented together with key issues raised by a national focus on our youngest children