Adaptable On-Board Computer for Nanosatellites

Nowadays, nanosatellite missions require a development process for the on-board computer (OBC). This process can be optimized using a unique hardware design for different applications. This paper presents the design, implementation and test of a reconfigurable OBC for nanosatellite applications. Reconfigurability is based on ZYNQ architecture that allows an iterative hardware/software co-design approach. The implementation showed an acceptable compatibility with different applications which lead to a successful integration with a custom payload subsystem. These integrated subsystems along with projects from several universities will perform a test flight on August 2022 in the mission FY22 Fort Sumner Campaign sponsored by NASA. In addition, this work can be seen as an open platform to swiftly develop further subsystem implementations.ITESO, A. C

Variación espacial y temporal de la infestación de la concha por Polydora sp. (Spionidae: Polychaeta) sobre la almeja mano de león (Nodipecten subnodosus) en la laguna Ojo de Liebre, Baja California Sur

En la laguna Ojo de Liebre, Baja California Sur, México, se realizó un estudio sobre la infestación de Nodipecten subnodosus producida por Polydora sp., cuantificándose el daño y las variaciones del crecimiento de la almeja durante 3 años. Se realizaron 10 muestreos entre enero de2013 y octubre de 2015, recolectándose 30 organismos por muestreo en los bancos Zacatoso, Chocolatero, El Dátil y La Concha. Se registraron entre 0 y 13 ampollas por concha, 1.77 ampollas concha-1en promedio. El número de ampollas fue superior en las almejas provenientes de los bancos Chocolatero y Zacatoso, mientras que en los bancos El Dátil y La Concha no solamente disminuyó la infestación, sino que sus intervalos de variación fueron menores. Los bancos con las almejas más pequeñas fueron precisamente los que registraron el mayor número de ampollas, sobre todo el Chocolatero. A pesar de que el número máximo de ampollas se presentó en enero de 2013, mayo de 2014 y marzo de 2015, la tendencia general fue de una reducción en la infestación de poliquetos en las almejas a lo largo del periodo de estudio. ABSTRACT In this study we evaluated the degree of infestation of Polydora sp. in Nodipecten subnodosus (lion’s paw scallop). This research was carriedout in laguna Ojo de Liebre, Baja California Sur, Mexico, quantifying the damage and growth of the clam for three years. A total of 10 samplingswere carried out between January 2013 and October 2015, collecting 30 organisms by sampled at the banks Zacatoso, Chocolatero, El Dátil andLa Concha. There were between 0 and 13 blisters per shell, 1.77 bisters shell-1on average. The number of blisters was higher in the clams of thebanks Chocolatero and Zacatoso, while in the banks El Dátil and La Concha, not only did the infestation decrease, but the variation intervals were

Efectos de la política fiscal procíclica en el crecimiento económico de México y América Latina

La política fiscal es un poderoso instrumento para el fomento del crecimiento económico, en este libro, se explora ampliamente por medio de diversos capítulos, cómo es posible utilizar esta herramienta para llevar a cabo dicho fin, pasando desde la relación existente entre el ciclo económico y la política fiscal, así como la utilización de la deuda soberana como mecanismo para la estabilidad financiera o económica

Efecto del Allium sativum sobre la eficacia de metformina en Rattus norvegicus con Diabetes Mellitus

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del extracto de Allium sativum L. sobre la eficacia del tratamiento con metformina en Rattus norvegicus cepa Holtzman con diabetes mellitus inducida por aloxano. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental aleatorizado, donde se utilizaron 48 ratas Holtzman y aloxano como inductor de diabetes mellitus. Los especímenes fueron distribuidos en cuatro grupos: Grupo 0 (G0): Sin ningún tratamiento (control); Grupo 1 (G1): extracto de Allium sativum L. 500 mg / kg; Grupo 2 (G2): metformina 100 mg/kg; Grupo 3 (G3): Extracto de Allium sativum L. 500 mg/kg más metformina 100 mg/kg. Las sustancias fueron administradas vía oral durante veintiocho días consecutivos, en los que se obtuvieron muestras sanguíneas mediante glucometría. Resultados: Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) mediante la prueba ANOVA entre el grupo control (G0) y los grupos experimentales (G1, G2 y G3). La prueba de Duncan demostró una diferencia significativa entre los grupos G2 y G3 (p<0,05). Conclusiones: El extracto de Allium sativum L.  tuvo un efecto potenciador sobre la metformina en Rattus norvegicus cepa Holtzman con Diabetes Mellitus inducida por aloxano. Palabras claves: Allium sativum, diabetes mellitus, metformina, glucemia. (Fuente: DeCS)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rmt.2019.v14i04.0

Study protocol for the multicentre cohorts of Zika virus infection in pregnant women, infants, and acute clinical cases in Latin America and the Caribbean: The ZIKAlliance consortium

Background: The European Commission (EC) Horizon 2020 (H2020)-funded ZIKAlliance Consortium designed a multicentre study including pregnant women (PW), children (CH) and natural history (NH) cohorts. Clinical sites were selected over a wide geographic range within Latin America and the Caribbean, taking into account the dynamic course of the ZIKV epidemic. Methods: Recruitment to the PW cohort will take place in antenatal care clinics. PW will be enrolled regardless of symptoms and followed over the course of pregnancy, approximately every 4 weeks. PW will be revisited at delivery (or after miscarriage/abortion) to assess birth outcomes, including microcephaly and other congenital abnormalities according to the evolving definition of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). After birth, children will be followed for 2 years in the CH cohort. Follow-up visits are scheduled at ages 1-3, 4-6, 12, and 24 months to assess neurocognitive and developmental milestones. In addition, a NH cohort for the characterization of symptomatic rash/fever illness was designed, including follow-up to capture persisting health problems. Blood, urine, and other biological materials will be collected, and tested for ZIKV and other relevant arboviral diseases (dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever) using RT-PCR or serological methods. A virtual, decentralized biobank will be created. Reciprocal clinical monitoring has been established between partner sites. Substudies of ZIKV seroprevalence, transmissio

It is time to define an organizational model for the prevention and management of infections along the surgical pathway: a worldwide cross-sectional survey

Background The objectives of the study were to investigate the organizational characteristics of acute care facilities worldwide in preventing and managing infections in surgery; assess participants' perception regarding infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, antibiotic prescribing practices, and source control; describe awareness about the global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and IPC measures; and determine the role of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic on said awareness. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted contacting 1432 health care workers (HCWs) belonging to a mailing list provided by the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery. The self-administered questionnaire was developed by a multidisciplinary team. The survey was open from May 22, 2021, and June 22, 2021. Three reminders were sent, after 7, 14, and 21 days. Results Three hundred four respondents from 72 countries returned a questionnaire, with an overall response rate of 21.2%. Respectively, 90.4% and 68.8% of participants stated their hospital had a multidisciplinary IPC team or a multidisciplinary antimicrobial stewardship team. Local protocols for antimicrobial therapy of surgical infections and protocols for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis were present in 76.6% and 90.8% of hospitals, respectively. In 23.4% and 24.0% of hospitals no surveillance systems for surgical site infections and no monitoring systems of used antimicrobials were implemented. Patient and family involvement in IPC management was considered to be slightly or not important in their hospital by the majority of respondents (65.1%). Awareness of the global burden of AMR among HCWs was considered very important or important by 54.6% of participants. The COVID-19 pandemic was considered by 80.3% of respondents as a very important or important factor in raising HCWs awareness of the IPC programs in their hospital. Based on the survey results, the authors developed 15 statements for several questions regarding the prevention and management of infections in surgery. The statements may be the starting point for designing future evidence-based recommendations. Conclusion Adequacy of prevention and management of infections in acute care facilities depends on HCWs behaviours and on the organizational characteristics of acute health care facilities to support best practices and promote behavioural change. Patient involvement in the implementation of IPC is still little considered. A debate on how operationalising a fundamental change to IPC, from being solely the HCWs responsibility to one that involves a collaborative relationship between HCWs and patients, should be opened

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries