Editorial

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Evaluación de los factores de riesgo para el Síndrome de Compartimento Abdominal en el Hospital de Kennedy

Estudió descriptivo de una cohorte de pacientes con patologías y expuestos a los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de un Síndrome de Compartimiento Abdominal de Octubre de 2008 a Mayo de 2009 en el Hospital de Kennedy, en el que se observo que los grados tempranos de HIA tuvieron una mayor frecuencia.Is a descriptive study of a cohort of patients with a special pathology, expose to a risk factors of develop SCA between October 2008 and May 2009 in Kennedy Hospital. The early types of Intrabdominal Hypertension were more often.Hospital Kenned

Experiencia en el manejo quirúrgico del síndrome de compartimento abdominal en el Hospital Occidente de Kennedy

Introducción: El síndrome de compartimento abdominal (SCA) es resultado de una serie de alteraciones fisiológicas locales y sistémicas, producidas por un aumento anormal de la presión intraabdominal, que, en algunos casos, requiere la descompresión quirúrgica de la cavidad abdominal.Métodos: Es un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de una serie de 28 pacientes con SCA que requirieron tratamiento quirúrgico en el Hospital Occidente de Kennedy, entre 1999 y 2003. Evaluamos retrospectivamente el rendimiento de la ecuación de McNelis para predicción de su desarrollo.Resultados: La patología desencadenante más frecuente fue la infección intraabdominal (n=6 21,4%). El tiempo transcurrido entre el diagnóstico y la descompresión quirúrgica fue menor de cuatro horas en el 75% (n=21) de los casos. Las variables que mejoraron significativamente tras la descompresión quirúrgica fueron la presión venosa central (PVC) (T:4,0; p:0,0001), la presión inspiratoria máxima (PIM) (T:2,7; p:0,004), la presión intraabdominal (PIA) (T1,8; p:0 034) y el gasto urinario (T:-2,4; p:0,02). Los niveles de BUN, la creatinina y la inestabilidad hemodinámica no presentaron mejoría. La estancia promedio en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) fue de once días (SD:9) y la estancia hospitalaria, de dieciocho (SD13). La mortalidad global fue del 67,9% (n=19) y la mortalidad directamente atribuible al síndrome fue del 30% (n=8). El comportamiento de la ecuación de McNelis fue errático.Conclusiones: Las características demográficas y las patologías causantes del síndrome corresponden a las descritas en la literatura. La correlación de las variables fisiológicas asociadas al diagnóstico del síndrome es heterogénea entre diferentes pacientes. La mortalidad del síndrome en nuestra institución está dentro de lo esperado según la literatura mundial. El rendimiento de la ecuación de McNelis parece depender excesivamente del balance hídrico.The abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is the result of various physiological alterations produced by an abnormal increase of the intra-abdominal pressure. Some of these patients will undergo a surgical procedure for its management. Methods: This is a retrospective case series of 28 patients with ACS who required surgical treatment at the Hospital Occidente de Kennedy between 1999 and 2003. We assessed retrospectively the behavior of McNelis’s equation for prediction of the development of the ACS. Results: The leading cause of ACS in our study was intraabadominal infection (n=6 21,4%). Time elapsed between diagnosis and surgical decompression was less than 4 hours in 75% (n=21) of the cases. The variables that improved significantly after the surgical decompression were CVP (T: 4,0 p: 0,0001), PIM (T: 2,7; p: 0,004), PIA (T1,8; p:0,034) and Urine Output (T:-2,4; p:0,02). The values of BUN, Creatinine and the cardiovascular instability did not show improvement. The ICU and hospital length of stay were 11 days (SD: 9) and 18 days (SD13) respectively. Global mortality was 67,9% (n=19) and mortality directly attributable to the syndrome was 30% (n=8). The behavior of the McNelis’s equation was erratic. Conclusions: The demographic characteristics as well as disease processes associated with ACS are consistent with the literature. The association between physiological variables and ACS is heterogeneous between patients. Mortality rates attributable to ACS in our institution are within the range described world-wide. The behavior of the McNelis’s equation seems to depend greatly upon fluid balance

Universidad y sociedad. Extensión del conocimiento

Este libro hace un análisis de la educación y propone migrar de una institución educativa a una organización de extensión del conocimiento (Mejía, 2011) toma más fuerza cada día, ya que obtiene una participación más activa en su actuar, y no solo se circunscribe a mejorar la gestión de las áreas funcionales de mercadeo, docencia, investigación, extensión, financiera, tecnología y administración (Gutiérrez, 2011), también cuenta con una visión más sistémica para conseguir la felicidad social y de las personas que conforman la organización educativa

El tiempo de los estudiantes de medicina en las rotaciones clínicas y el sistema de créditos

Introduction: Comprehensive undergraduate education in clinical sciences is grounded on activities developed during clerkships. To implement the credits system we must know how these experiences take place. Objectives: to describe how students spend time in clerkships, how they assess the educative value of activities and the enjoyment it provides. Method: We distributed a form to a random clustered sample of a 100 students coursing clinical sciences, designed to record the time spent, and to assess the educative value and the grade of enjoyment of the activities in clerkship during a week. Data were registered and analyzed on Excel® 98 and SPSS. Results: mean time spent by students in clerkship activities on a day were 10.8 hours. Of those, 7.3 hours (69%) were spent in formal education activities. Patient care activities with teachers occupied the major proportion of time (15.4%). Of the teaching and learning activities in a week, 28 hours (56%) were spent in patient care activities and 22.4 hours (44.5%) were used in independent academic work. The time spent in teaching and learning activities correspond to 19 credits of a semester of 18 weeks. The activities assessed as having the major educational value were homework activities (4.6) and formal education activities (4.5). The graded as most enjoyable were extracurricular activities, formal educational activities and independent academic work. Conclusion: our students spend more time in activities with patients than the reported in literature. The attending workload of our students is greater than the one reported in similar studies.Introducción: La formación en ciencias clínicas del pregrado de medicina se fundamenta en rotaciones clínicas. Para implementar el sistema de créditos es necesario conocer cómo se llevan a cabo estas experiencias.Objetivo: Describir cómo los estudiantes utilizan el tiempo durante las rotaciones clínicas, el valor académico y el grado de disfrute que le asignan a las actividades.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo con una muestra aleatoria estratificada de cien estudiantes de los semestres clínicos. Se recolectó información sobre el tiempo empleado durante una semana, el valor educativo y el grado de disfrute de las actividades de las rotaciones clínicas. Los datos fueron analizados en Excel® 98 y SPSS.Resultados: Las actividades de un día ocuparon en promedio 10.8 h, con 7.3 h (69%) dedicadas a actividades académicas. La actividad asistencial con docente representó el mayor porcentaje de utilización del tiempo (15.4%). Durante una semana, el 56% (28 h) del tiempo efectivo estuvo dedicado al trabajo asistencial y 22.4 h (44.5%) al trabajo independiente en el sitio de práctica. El tiempo dedicado al aprendizaje en la rotación clínica corresponde a 19 créditos para un semestre de 18 semanas. Las actividades calificadas con mayor valor educativo fueron el estudio independiente por fuera de la institución (4.6) y las actividades académicas con el docente (4.5). Las calificadas como de mayor disfrute fueron las extracurriculares y la docencia formal.Conclusiones: Los estudiantes tienen mayor tiempo de contacto con los pacientes que el reportado en la literatura. El trabajo presencial de nuestros estudiantes es mayor al reportado en estudios similares

Tutores Pares en la Facultad de Medicina

Desde 2003 la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad del Rosario en Bogotá, Colombia, ofrece a los estudiantes el programa denominado Tutores Pares. Los objetivos de esta iniciativa son: generar un mecanismo de interacción para favorecer la construcción de conocimiento al lado de pares más avanzados; propiciar el desarrollo de valores éticos, morales y de convivencia a través de la vivencia académica, y generar un espacio para la exploración de intereses académicos específicos y del potencial docente. En este artículo se presenta el marco teórico que sustenta la importancia de la interacción social en la construcción del conocimiento y se exponen algunos indicadores a modo de evaluación del programa. Se destacan varios logros que dan cuenta del valor sinérgico de una experiencia que no sólo cumple la función de iniciar un proceso de formación docente y de apoyo académico, sino que forja una actitud proactiva frente al aprendizaje.Since 2003 the School of Medicine at the Universidad del Rosario in Bogotá, Colombia, offers to the students a program named Peer Tutors. The program’s objectives are: to generate a social interaction mechanism that favors knowledge construction side by side with advanced peers; to promote the development of ethical, moral and coexistence oriented values through an academic experience, and to generate a space to explore specific academic interests and teacher´s potential. This article presents the theoretic frame that supports the importance of social interaction in knowledge construction, as well as some indicators that allow a first appraisal of the program. Several achievements that account for the synergic value of an experience that not only fulfills the function of initiating a process of teaching formation and academic support, but that also builds a proactive attitude before learning, are highlighted

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

CLASES MAGISTRALES VERSUS ACTIVIDADES PARTICIPATIVAS EN EL PREGRADO DE MEDICINA: DE LA TEORÍA A LA EVIDENCIA

La formación de los estudiantes de pregrado en medicina incluye múltiples estrategias pedagógicas, especialmente en el área clínica, que permiten su participación directa en actividades que los aproximan a lo que será su desempeño auténtico como médicos. Sin embargo, una cantidad importante de contenidos previos son aún 'transmitidos' por medio de clases magistrales tradicionales, especialmente en los dos primeros años que corresponden a la instrucción en las ciencias básicas. En la presente revisión bibliográfica, sustento la importancia de privilegiar la construcción de un conocimiento más significativo y flexible y una formación más integral que la simple memorización de contenidos a partir de la fundamentación pedagógica. Reviso las concepciones teóricas que subyacen a las prácticas pedagógicas tradicionales y las concepciones teóricas fundamentales del constructivismo y su aplicación al diseño de procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Analizo el rol del maestro, los contenidos, y las prácticas, a la luz de la teoría, y describo brevemente algunas estrategias consistentes con el constructivismo como el aprendizaje basado en resolución de problemas (PBL por sus siglas en inglés). Finalmente cito algunos trabajos que aportan evidencia empírica de las ventajas de estas prácticas en los resultados educativos.The education of medical students includes multiple pedagogic strategies, especially within the clinical area, that allow them direct participation in activities which reveal what their authentic performance as doctors will be. However, an important amount of academic content is still previously 'transmitted' through lectures, especially during the first two years of the basic sciences cycle. In the present literature review I support the development of more significant and flexible knowledge and a more formative education than the mere memorization of contents. I revise the theoretical conceptions behind traditional pedagogical practice and the ones central to constructivism, as well as their applications to the design of learning and teaching processes. I analyze the role of the teacher, the contents and the strategies from a theoretical point of view and describe some practices based on a constructivist framework, such as Problem Based Learning (PBL). Finally, I report on research that provides empirical evidence of pedagogical advantages of these practices

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale

The effects of climate change need urgent action. Most countries and organizations have made commitments to reduce carbon. Healthcare, and especially surgery, is responsible for producing a large amount of carbon and for other behaviours that are harmful to the environment. The aim of this study was to identify the most practical and safe interventions to make surgery more environmentally friendly. Interventions to achieve green surgery were found in the literature and added to a list. The list was ordered and shortened, following advice of doctors and patients. The safest and most practical interventions were at the top. The top three areas for change were to reduce the use of one-use items and energy, recycle, and manage waste appropriately. There are several ways that we can make surgery greener. The list produced gives us practical examples of what can be done