Sociodemographic and Economic Characteristics Affecting Religious Attitudes in Turkey During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

This study aims to investigate the sociodemographic and economic factors associated with individuals’ religious attitudes in Turkey during COVID-19. The microdata of 10,073 individuals who participated in the Life Satisfaction Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) were used in this study. Generalized ordered logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify the factors related to individuals’ religious attitudes. The relevance probability of religious attitudes of men in Turkey during the COVID-19 period was lower than that of women. Additionally, it was found that individuals whose source of happiness is oneself/spouse are less likely to have relevant religious attitudes when compared to those whose source of happiness is their entire family. As age increases, the probability of individuals’ religious attitudes being relevant also increases. On the other hand, it decreases as the education level increases. Similarly, rising income levels decrease the probability of individuals’ religious attitudes being relevant. This study also indicates that individuals experiencing religious belief pressure are less likely to have relevant religious attitudes when compared to others. The relationship between religious attitudes, religiousness, and the perception of religiousness with an individual’s spiritual search is shaped by various demographic variables. Given the results, religious attitudes might positively affect an individual’s psychological well-being, mental health, and happiness. This effect might stem from religious beliefs and practices that provide meaning and purpose to an individual’s life, reduce stress, and offer social support

A novel integration of multiple learning methods for detecting misleading information from different datasets during the pandemic

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was an intensely and commonly discussed topic on social media platforms during the pandemic due to uncertainty about the virus, especially as new variants of the virus emerged around the world. Unfortunately, during the pandemic, people shared many posts about COVID-19 on their social media accounts without paying attention or checking whether they were true or not. In this way, intentionally or unintentionally, they highly manipulated public opinion through their posts. The majority of these posts contained misleading information that negatively affected readers' cognitive and mental health, leading to a new neologism associated with the pandemic: “infodemic.” Therefore, the present study focuses on the classification of Fake News disseminated during the pandemic to mislead people. To this end, five different datasets were first trained independently using natural language processing and machine learning methods, and the results obtained were compared. Later, these datasets were combined according to the different scenarios to improve the model performance. According to the results, the highest accuracy value of 98.1% was obtained with the model Efficiently Learning an Encoder that Classifies Token Replacements Accurately (ELECTRA) when the datasets were trained independently. Similarly, the highest training accuracy of 94.12% was obtained with the ELECTRA method and the highest test accuracy of 91.71% was obtained with the Random Forest method. In summary, the model ELECTRA, which is less preferred than other pre-trained models, achieved the highest performance scores in all study-specific scenarios

Investigating the genomic and biochemical effects of dalapon on antioxidant systems in zebrafish, Danio rerio

This research explored the effects of dalapon exposure on the expression of various genes, including cat, sod1, sod2, sod3a, sod3b, gpx1a, gpx3, gpx4a, gpx4b, gpx7, gpx8, gpx9, gstr, g6pd, and gsr, along with the activities of related antioxidant enzymes (AEs), such as CAT, SOD, GPX, G6PD, GST, and GR in zebrafish. Kidney and liver tissues were analyzed to assess oxidative stress levels. Results indicated that both the concentration of dalapon (25 and 50 ppm) and the duration of exposure had a significant effect on AE activities and gene expression. RT-PCR analysis suggested that changes in gene expression among dalapon-exposed zebrafish might indicate a rapid response to pesticide-induced stress. Moreover, the activities of CAT, G6PD, and GST increased in response to dalapon exposure at the specified concentrations. In contrast, prolonged exposure exceeding 72 h led to significantly higher malondialdehyde levels in liver and kidney tissues compared to the control group. These findings enhance our understanding of the role of antioxidant enzymes in oxidative stress and provide important insights for developing aquaculture breeding programs focused on improving fish stress tolerance. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis and conserved gene synteny analysis confirmed that the antioxidant enzyme genes in zebrafish are orthologous to those found in other model organisms, such as medaka and stickleback. Consequently, these results could be beneficial for other vertebrate species

Ameliyathanede Güvenli Cerrahide Kalite Standartları

Dünyada hasta bakım kalitesinin en üst düzeyde geliştirilmesi, güvenli bir hasta bakımın oluşturulması, hasta ve çalışanlara yönelik risklerin ortadan kaldırılması, kalite iyileştirme çalışmaları ve hasta güvenliğinin sürekli olması amacıyla bir çok hasta ve organizasyonel yapı odaklı kalite sistemi geliştirilmiş ve bu kalite sistemleri sayesinde sağlık kurumlarının performansları değerlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Cerrahi hemşireleri, diğer sağlık bakım ekibi üyeleri ile birlikte ameliyathane ortamında hasta için güvenli bir çevre sağlamada ve hastanın savunuculuğunu yapmada önemli görevler üstlenir. Hasta savunuculuğunu yapmak güvenli bir cerrahi ortamının oluşturulmasının ön koşuludur. Hemşire, hemşire kalite standartları doğrultusunda güvenliği sağlar. Kalite standartları olası risklerin ve hataların önlenmesi hasta güvenliğinin ve çalışan güvenliği sağlanmasına ilişkin temel koşullardır. Çünkü bu riskler ve hatalar çalışan ve hasta güvenliğini tehlikeye koyar. Anahtar kelimeler: Kalite standartları, güvenli cerrahi, ameliyathaneWorldwide, various patient- and organization-focused quality systems have been developed to enhance patient care quality at the highest level, establish safe patient care, eliminate risks for both patients and healthcare workers, ensure continuous quality improvement efforts, and maintain patient safety. These quality systems have enabled the evaluation of healthcare institutions’ performance. Surgical nurses, along with other members of the healthcare team, play a crucial role in creating a safe environment for patients in the operating room and advocating for their well-being. Patient advocacy is a prerequisite for establishing a safe surgical environment. Nurses ensure safety in accordance with nursing quality standards. Quality standards are fundamental in preventing potential risks and errors, ensuring both patient and worker safety. This is essential because these risks and errors can jeopardize the safety of both healthcare workers and patients. Keywords: Quality standards, safe surgery, operating room</p

Reflections of the Belief in Tawhid in Mosque Architecture through the Examples of Damascus Umayyad and Selimiye Mosque Şam Ümeyye ve Selimiye Cami Örnekleri Üzerinden Cami Mimarisinde Tevhîd İnancının Yansımaları

The natural impulse for artistic creation within human nature renders the artist as a being who cannot endure without the act of producing art. Art, often perceived as a mirror of life, has not only been shaped by quotidian emotions and events but, since ancient times, has also placed belief systems at its core. When observed from a broader perspective, grand and profound artistic productions frequently reveal themselves as works dedicated to the divine, aligning with the spiritual and sacred realms. The main focus of this study is the conception of God in Islam, a monotheistic religion, and its reflections in architecture, focusing on how monotheistic beliefs shape artistic expression. Within Islamic art, the doctrine of Tawhid, the unifying thread of all creation, emerges as the central axis, thread-ing through architecture, literature, ornamentation, and music. Many of the studies in this field are composed of purely formal analyses, which predominantly focus on origins. Yet, it is undeniable that only the perfect unity of form and content can lead to the emer-gence of lasting and coherent works. Therefore, in reading such works, it is essential to consider the structural origins and the intellectual context that shapes the form. In this context, this study aims to demonstrate how the divine concept of Allah is reflected in form, tracing its echoes through the magnificent structures of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus and the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne, revealing how the sacred reverberates through stone and space

The effect of time of day and menstrual cycle on physical performance and psychological responses in elite female Tunisian volleyball players

Background: The influence of circadian rhythms and menstrual cycle phases on athletic performance and psychological responses is critical for optimizing training and competition strategies for female athletes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of time of day and menstrual cycle phases on the physical performance and psychological responses of elite female Tunisian volleyball players. Methods: Thirteen elite female volleyball players were assessed during three different phases of their menstrual cycle (menstrual, follicular, and luteal) and at two different times of day (morning and evening). Physical performance was evaluated using the Modified Agility Test (MAT), Reactive Agility Test (RAT), and Repeated Sprint Ability (RSA) Test. Psychological responses were measured using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Hooper’s Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Vis-Morgen Questionnaire, and Spiegel Questionnaire. Results: Significant effects of menstrual cycle, time of day, and competition on physical performance, cognitive function, mood, and sleep parameters were found. Physical performance, including the Countermovement Jump (CMJ), the Modified Agility T-test (MAT) and the Reactive Agility test (RAT), was higher in the afternoon than in the morning across all menstrual phases (CMJ: p < 0.001, η² = 0.836; MAT: p < 0.001, η² = 0.777; RAT: p < 0.001, η² = 0.859). After the competition, performance decreased significantly, especially in the follicular and luteal phases. As measured by the Stroop test, cognitive function showed significant diurnal effects (p < 0.001, η² = 0.910), with pre-competition performance being better in the afternoon. Mood disturbances (POMS) increased after the competition, especially in the morning and during the luteal phase (p < 0.001, η² = 0.961). Sleep parameters were significantly influenced by time and menstrual cycle, with higher fatigue (Hooper score: p < 0.001, η² = 0.754) and poorer sleep quality (PSQI: p < 0.001, η² = 0.627) in the morning, especially after the competition. Conclusion: Our results suggest that aligning high-intensity training and competitions with afternoon circadian peaks may enhance physical and cognitive performance in elite female athletes. Recovery strategies and workload adjustments should account for menstrual phases, particularly reducing morning demands during the luteal phase to mitigate fatigue and mood disruptions. Integrating circadian timing with menstrual cycle monitoring offers a practical, evidence-based approach to optimize athlete readiness and resilience

Base-Mediated Synthesis of Imidazole-Fused 1,4-Benzoxazepines via 7-exo-dig Cyclizations: Propargyl Group Transformation

Herein, we describe the synthesis of a series of imidazole-fused 1,4-benzoxazepines using 7-exo-dig cyclizations. Two sets of substrates, one containing disubstituted alkyne functional groups and the other featuring terminal alkynes, were synthesized by using O-propargylation, Sonogashira cross-coupling, and condensation reactions between aldehydes and o-diaminobenzene. While the disubstituted substrates yielded exocyclic E/Z configured cyclization products smoothly, the reactions involving terminal alkynes resulted in the formation of isomeric products with altered skeletal structures, in addition to the expected 7-exo-dig cyclization products. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to clarify the mechanisms underlying the formation of these products. It is suggested that these unexpected products are formed through a series of intermolecular O-to-N-propargyl transfer reactions, followed by 7-exo-dig cyclization, in accordance with Baldwin’s rules. Furthermore, this study extensively demonstrates the conversion of exocyclic products to endocyclic products through a base-mediated 1,3-H shift