AS CARTAS CHILENAS ENTRE A EPÍSTOLA E A SÁTIRA

Atribuídas a Tomás Antônio Gonzaga, as “Cartas Chilenas” têm sido lidas como prenunciadoras da inconfidência mineira, destacando-se seus elementos históricos em detrimento dos retórico-poéticos. Neste estudo, porém, entendemos a obra como situada em uma instituição retórica e tributária do gênero epistolar satírico. Assim, faz-se necessário estudar ambos os gêneros, bem como suas autoridades acumuladas ao longo do tempo, mas principalmente utilizar obras publicadas no século XVIII, tais como a “Arte poética” de Francisco José Freire e o “Verdadeiro método de estudar” de Luís Antônio Verney, entre outras, como base para argumentação. Levar em consideração as reformas curriculares ocorridas na Universidade de Coimbra no período, além das diversas obras de autores e retores latinos encontradas nas bibliotecas dos árcades mineiros também fornece elementos valiosos para esse tipo de análise. É necessário, ainda, verificar as relações entre a ética, a filosofia política e a sátira

A passagem do dois ao três: pares dialéticos em Torto Arado, de Itamar Vieira Junior

This article analyzes 5 aspects of the novel Torto arado: the narrative space-time; the dialectical pairs involved; the strategy of establishing narrative instances; the symbolism of three objects over the course of the story; and, finally, some of the names attributed to the characters. We aim to show that land is a central category for analyzing the novel and to demonstrate how a dialectical method of interpretation is one of the most productive possibilities for deciphering it. Different social relations in a single geographical space are evidenced by memory, African ancestry and the Jarê religion, as well as by a logic of common land use in contrast to the capitalist private ownership of it. As such, the conflicts surrounding rights to housing, work and land are fundamental pillars of the narrative, from which the consciousness of the characters emerges, as well as their struggles.O artigo analisa cinco aspectos do romance Torto arado: o espaço-tempo da narrativa; os pares dialéticos que a compõem; a estratégia de estabelecimento das instâncias narrativas; o simbolismo de três objetos ao longo do texto, e, por fim, alguns dos nomes atribuídos às personagens. Busca evidenciar que a terra é categoria central para a análise do romance e demonstrar como um método dialético de interpretação é uma das possibilidades mais produtivas para a tarefa de desvendá-lo. Diferentes relações sociais em um mesmo espaço geográfico são evidenciadas pela memória, a ancestralidade africana e a religião do jarê, bem como por uma lógica de uso comum da terra em contraste com a propriedade privada capitalista dela. Assim, os conflitos em torno dos direitos relativos à moradia, ao trabalho e à terra são eixos fundamentais da narrativa, de onde surgem a consciência das personagens e o seu movimento de luta

Impactos de gênero na redução da mortalidade violenta: reflexões sobre o Pacto pela Vida em Pernambuco

O crescimento das mortes violentas vem sendo observado no Brasil desde o final dos anos 1970. No país e em Pernambuco, as principais vítimas dos homicídios são jovens negros, do sexo masculino, com pouca escolaridade e baixa renda. Em 2011, 86,2% das mulheres assassinadas em Recife eram negras e, em 2009, 47,2% dos casos de homicídios de mulheres concentraram-se em apenas dez bairros dessa capital. Foi apenas em 2007 que a questão da violência letal ganhou prioridade na agenda do governo do Estado, por meio da implementação da primeira política pública de segurança do Estado, o Pacto pela Vida (PPV). Nesse mesmo ano, instituiu-se a Política de Enfrentamento da Violência contra a Mulher, pela Secretaria da Mulher. O PPV vem alcançando bons resultados, as metas globais de redução dos crimes violentos letais intencionais têm sido alcançadas, mas há diferenças importantes quando se observa a variação de acordo com o sexo da vítima e com a região de ocorrência dos casos. Os homicídios de mulheres apresentaram redução menor ao longo do tempo e oscilação entre crescimento e redução que pode se dever à pouca sensibilidade do PPV para as diferentes situações nas quais as mulheres são assassinadas, que requerem linhas de ação específicas do ponto de vista da política de prevenção e repressão. Este artigo se propõe a apresentar e analisar estas diferenças e a refletir sobre possí veis hipóteses capazes de explicá-las, reconhecendo a eficácia do PPV como política pública de segurança, mas também a necessidade de reorientá--lo para que seja capaz de responder às diferentes configurações da violência letal contra as mulheres em Pernambuco

Estrutura escalar em classes acionais As propriedades aspectuais visíveis para a gramática

We employ the facts concerning the licensing of pouco, muito, bastante and bem (with a manner interpretation) in verbal phrases as a tool to identify the scalar event dimensions projected by the actional classes of Vendler (1957), which the facts validate. We adopt, in line with formal semantics, a degree approach (Kennedy & McNally 2005), and the Principle of Interpretative Economy (Kennedy 2007), in order to deal with the distribution and interpretation of degree modifiers. We explain the ungrammaticality of pouco, muito and bastante with accomplishments and achievements arguing that they semantically select open-scale quantitative dimensions. Bem selects qualitative dimensions, showing a peculiar behavior with achievements.Empregamos os fatos sobre o licenciamento de pouco, muito, bastante e bem (de maneira) em sintagmas verbais como ferramenta para identificar as dimensões de evento escalares projetadas pelas classes de Vendler (1957), cuja validade os fatos atestam. Adotamos, na linha da semântica formal, a teoria de graus de Kennedy e McNally (2005), e o Princípio da Economia Interpretativa (Kennedy 2007) para tratar da distribuição e interpretação desses advérbios modificadores de graus. Defendemos que pouco, muito e bastante selecionam semanticamente dimensões quantitativas de escala aberta, o que explica sua agramaticalidade com accomplishments e achievements, enquanto bem (de maneira) seleciona dimensões qualitativas, apresentando um comportamento peculiar com achievements

Drought response of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) landraces at leaf physiological and metabolite profile levels

Drought threatens the world’s food production, particularly in Sub Saharan Africa low external input and rain fed agricultural systems, where cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an important food crop. In the context of growing concerns regarding climate changes implications on water availability, this study aimed at 1) to evaluate the drought responses in cowpea landraces with contrasting drought tolerance levels (A55 – high sensitivity; A80 - mild sensitivity; A116 - tolerant), 2) using an integrated physiological (leaf gas exchanges; chlorophyll a fluorescence) and biochemical (photoprotective pigments; RuBisCO activity; primary metabolite profiling) analysis to identify drought tolerance probes, in plants submitted to three water availability levels (well-watered, WW; mild drought, MD; severe drought, SD). A116 plants maintained a better water status under drought, what could justify the higher Pn and Pnmax values in MD, as well as higher photochemical use of energy (reflected in the photochemical quenching (qL) and in the quantum yield of non-cyclic electron transport (Y(II))), and the lower need of photoprotective thermal dissipation mechanisms (given by the non-photochemical quenching (qN), and the quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation at photosystem PSII (Y(NPQ))), in MD and SD plants. Greater declines of net (Pn) and potential (Pnmax) photosynthesis were observed in A55 plants, which frequently showed significant impacts already under MD conditions in most parameters, whereas A80 usually displayed and intermediate behaviour. Still, even A55 showed some acclimation response, regarding photoprotective mechanisms associated with high contents of zeaxanthin, lutein, and carotenes, and high Y(NPQ), and qN values, supporting the absence of an increase in the non-regulated energy dissipation at PSII (Y(NO) did not increased) even in SD plants. Additionally, A55 was not significantly affected in RuBisCO activity, which showed to be quite resilient in cowpea. A primary metabolite profiling, complemented with a partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), allowed a better separation of A116 and A55 plants according to their degree of drought tolerance. In response to drought, A116 showed the greatest accumulation of most responsive metabolites, 14 in total, with sucrose, fucose, urea, alanine and putrescine being exclusively increased in this genotype, suggesting that they can be candidates as drought tolerance proxies. Other compounds, as proline, valine, isoleucine (among amino acids), and rhamnose and raffinose (among sugars) showed close increase patternsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

La satisfacción laboral del capital humano femenino en la actividad hotelera: un estudio de caso para Andalucía y Algarve

La creciente competitividad de los destinos turísticos implica la necesidad de mejorar la calidad del servicio prestado. En esta comunicación presentamos los resultados de un estudio realizado en dos destinos turísticos competitivos (Andalucía y Algarve �Portugal�) en relación con la satisfacción laboral de las mujeres trabajadoras en los hoteles de dichas zonas. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar cuáles son las características sociolaborales básicas de este colectivo con dos trabajos de campo realizados en ambas áreas geográficas. En los resultados se plantea una serie de comparaciones que llevan a detectar diferencias significativas entre Algarve y Andalucía. Finalmente, proponemos posibles líneas de mejora en la gestión de los recursos humanos femeninos.The growing competitiveness of the tourist destinations implies the necessity of improving the quality of the borrowed service. In this paper we show the results of a study carried out in two competitive tourist destinations (Andalusia and Algarve �Portugal�) in connection with the job satisfaction of the women employees in the hotel establishments. The objective of this paper is to present the basic socioeconomic characteristics of this community with two field works carried out in both geographical areas. In the obtained results we outline a series of comparisons which imply significant differences between Algarve and Andalusia. Finally we contribute with possible lines of improvement in the administration of the feminine human resources

Genetic Diversity among Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Landraces Suggests Central Mozambique as an Important Hotspot of Variation

Cowpea is a multiple-purpose drought-tolerant leguminous pulse crop grown in several dry tropical areas. Its domestication center is thought to be East or West Africa, where a high level of genetic diversity is apparently still found. However, detailed genetic information is lacking in many African countries, limiting the success of breeding programs. In this work, we assessed the genetic variation and gene flow in 59 Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) accessions from 10 landraces spanning across six agro-ecological zones of Mozambique, based on nuclear microsatellite markers. The results revealed the existence of high genetic diversity between the landraces, even in comparison to other world regions. Four genetic groups were found, with no specific geographic pattern, suggesting the presence of gene flow between landraces. In comparison, the two commercial varieties had lower values of genetic diversity, although still close to the ones found in local landraces. The high genetic diversity found in Mozambique sustains the importance of local genetic resources and farm protection to enhance genetic diversity in modern varieties of cowpea worldwide.This research received funds from the Mozambican Fundo Nacional de Investigação (Project 201-Inv-FNI), NUFFIC, the Netherlands (Project NICHE-Moz-151), and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., through the Ph.D. fellowship SFRH/BD/113952/2015 (A.M.F.G.) and the post-doctoral fellowship SFRH/BPD/100384/2014 (D.D), the research units UID/04129/2020 (LEAF), UIDP/04035/2020 (GeoBioTec), and UIDB/00239/2020 (CEF), and the APC.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Landraces from Portugal and Mozambique

Abstract: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is currently a legume crop of minor importance in Europe but a highly relevant staple crop in Africa and the second most cultivated legume in Mozambique. In Portugal and Mozambique, cowpea’s phenotypic and genetic variation has been maintained locally by farmers in some areas. We used the molecular markers SSR, SilicoDArT and SNP to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 97 cowpea accessions, mainly from Portugal (Southern Europe) and Mozambique (Southern Africa). As far as we know, this is the first time that the genetic variation and the relationship between cowpea landraces collected in Portugal with those originated in Mozambique is reported. Despite the shared historical past, the Portuguese landraces did not share a common genetic background with those from Mozambique, and two different gene pools were revealed. Knowledge of the genetic structure of cowpea landraces offers an opportunity for individual selection within landraces adapted to particular eco-physiological conditions and suggests the existence of a valuable gene pool for exploitation in future Portugal-PALOP (Portuguese-speaking African countries) cowpea breeding programs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of resistive exercise and stretching on the soleus muscle of ovariectomized rats

O estudo analisou os efeitos do exercício resistido e/ou alongamento na morfologia muscular de ratas ovariectomizadas. Setenta e cinco ratas Wistar (218±22g) foram divididas em 8 grupos: Controle (CONTROLE, n=5); Ovariectomia/histerectomia (OH, n=10): foram submetidas à ovariectomia/histerectomia e aguardaram oito semanas para instalação de osteopenia; Alongamento (ALONG, n=10): alongamento manual do músculo sóleo (10 repetições de 60s), duas vezes por semana; Ovariectomia/histerectomia e Alongamento (OH+ALONG, n=10); Exercício Resistido (ER, n=10): 4 séries de 10 repetições, carga inicial de 50% do peso corporal, aumentando semanalmente até 70%, três vezes por semana; Exercício Resistido e Alongamento (ER+ALONG, n=10); Ovariectomia/histerectomia e Exercício Resistido (OH+PL, n=10); Ovariectomia/histerectomia, Exercício Resistido e Alongamento (OH+ER+Along, n=10). Alongamento e/ou Exercicio Resistido foram realizados durante 6 semanas. Após 14 semanas, as ratas foram submetidas à ortotanásia para remoção do sóleo. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: peso corporal; peso e comprimento muscular; número e comprimento dos sarcômeros e área da secção transversa das fibras musculares (ASTFM). Comparação entre grupos foi realizada com ANOVA one way post hoc Tukey ou Kruskall-Wallis (pEl estudio analizó los efectos del ejercicio resistido y/o estiramiento en la morfología muscular de ratas ovarectomizadas. Se dividió setenta y cinco ratas Wistar (218±22g) en 8 grupos: Control (CONTROL, n=5); ovariectomía/histerectomía (OH, n=10): fueron sometidas a ovariectomía/histerectomía y esperaron ocho semanas para la instalación de osteopenia; Estiramiento (ESTIR, n=10): estiramiento manual del músculo sóleo (10 repeticiones de 60s), dos veces por semana; ovariectomía/histerectomía y estiramiento (OH + ESTIR, n=10), ejercicio resistido (ER, n=10): 4 series de 10 repeticiones, carga inicial de 50% del peso corporal, aumentando semanalmente hasta 70%, tres veces por semana; Ejercicio resistido y estiramiento (ER+ESTIR, n=10); ovariectomía/histerectomía y ejercicio resistido (OH + PL, n=10); ovariectomía/histerectomía, ejercicio resistido y estiramiento (OH + ER + ESTIR, n=10). Se realizó estiramiento y/o ejercicio resistido durante 6 semanas. Después de 14 semanas, las ratas fueron sometidas a ortotanasia para la remoción del sóleo. Las siguientes variables fueron evaluadas: peso corporal; peso y longitud muscular; número y longitud de los sarcómeros y área de la sección trasversa de las fibras musculares (ASTFM). Se realizó una comparación entre grupos con ANOVA one way post hoc Tukey o Kruskall-Wallis (pThis study analyzed the effects of resistive exercise and/or stretching in the muscle morphology of ovariectomized rats. Seventy-five female Wistar rats (218±22g) were divided into 8 groups: Control (CONTROL, n=5); Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy (OH, n=10): ovariectomized/hysterectomized and then waited 8 weeks for the onset of osteopenia. Stretching (STRET, n=10): manual stretching of the soleus muscle (10 repetitions of 60s), twice weekly; Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy and Stretching (OH+STRET, n=10); Progressive Loading (PL, n=10): 4 sets of 10 repetitions, initial load 50% of body weight, increasing weekly until 70%, three times a week. Progressive Loading and Stretching (PL+STRET, n=10); Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy and Progressive loading exercise (OH+PL, n=10); Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy, Progressive Loading and Stretching (OH+PL+STRET, n=10). Stretching and/or progressive loading were performed for 6 weeks. After 14 weeks, the female rats were euthanized to remove the soleus muscle. The following variables were assessed: body weight; muscle weight and length; number and length of sarcomeres and the muscle fiber cross-sectional area (MFCSA). Comparisons between the groups were performed with ANOVA one-way post hoc Tukey or Kruskall-Wallis (

CONTROLLERSHIP: A STUDY OF ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN BIBLIOMETRIC EVALUATED BY PERIODIC CAPES

This study aimed to analyze, through articles published in leading accounting journals evaluated by CAPES, the research published on controllership in Brazil. The methodology utilized was exploratory and descriptive, with bibliometric and quantitative analysis. Thirty-five (35) articles were found that contain the word "controller" in the title as a result of the 14 journals analyzed. The findings of the survey revealed that: (1) of the journals analyzed, the Journal of Accounting & Finance of USP showed the highest rate of publication (28.6%); (2) most authors have academic training in management, with 59 (23, 9%) of the authors, from the 247 titles analyzed, demonstrating some level of training in controlling; (3) 91.4% of the articles were written in collaboration with other authors. In the references, different types of documents were used, especially books (62,3%), where the most cited was Controllership: an approach to economic management - GECON authored by Armando Catelli.Keywords: Controllership. Bibliometrics. Scientific production. Journal.  This study aimed to analyze, through articles published in leading accounting journals evaluated by CAPES, the research published on controllership in Brazil. The methodology utilized was exploratory and descriptive, with bibliometric and quantitative analysis. Thirty-five (35) articles were found that contain the word "controller" in the title as a result of the 14 journals analyzed. The findings of the survey revealed that: (1) of the journals analyzed, the Journal of Accounting & Finance of USP showed the highest rate of publication (28.6%); (2) most authors have academic training in management, with 59 (23, 9%) of the authors, from the 247 titles analyzed, demonstrating some level of training in controlling; (3) 91.4% of the articles were written in collaboration with other authors. In the references, different types of documents were used, especially books (62,3%), where the most cited was Controllership: an approach to economic management - GECON authored by Armando Catelli.Keywords: Controllership. Bibliometrics. Scientific production. Journal