MEMÓRIA: UM DESAFIO À AUTONOMIA DO IDOSO

The study of cognitive functions is an area in clear development in the field of neuroscience, and is also an area of general interest. Studies and research try to characterize cognitive problems and distinguish between what is normal and what is pathological. It is observed that many elders complain about memoryrelated difficulties, and some decline in the normal cognitive function can also be verified in the normal aging process a fact that worries the elderly as well as his/her family, since its normally associated to the idea of dependency. Thus, forgetfulness must be distinguished from the memory loss associated to demential processes. Sciences have been advancing towards that aim and a special contribution from neuropsychology is noteworthy. Studies have demonstrated the existence of disabling pathologies, accompanyed by a relevant deficit in the memory function, with loss of autonomy and independence.We must, however, be aware of relationship between an individuals memory and his/her biological, psychological, and social contexts. Memory is alive, it works an changes constantly.O estudo das funções cognitivas é uma área em franco desenvolvimento no campo da neurociência, e de interesse geral. Estudos e pesquisas procuram caracterizar os problemas cognitivos e diferenciar o normal do patológico. Verifica-se que muitos idosos queixam-se de dificuldades de memória e que algum declínio da função cognitiva pode ser observada no processo de envelhecimento normal, fato que preocupa o idoso e a família pois geralmente é associado à ideia de dependência. O esquecimento deve ser diferenciado da perda da memória associada a processos demenciais. As ciências avançam neste sentido e, ressalte-se em especial a contribuição da neuropsicologia. Estudos demonstram a existência de patologias invalidantes acompanhadas de déficit importante da função da memória com perda de autonomia e independência. Há que se salientar, no entanto, a relação da memória com o contexto bio-psic-social do indivíduo. A memória é viva, trabalha e muda permanentemente

MEMÓRIA: UM DESAFIO À AUTONOMIA DO IDOSO

The study of cognitive functions is an area in clear development in the field of neuroscience, and is also an area of general interest. Studies and research try to characterize cognitive problems and distinguish between what is normal and what is pathological. It is observed that many elders complain about memoryrelated difficulties, and some decline in the normal cognitive function can also be verified in the normal aging process – a fact that worries the elderly as well as his/her family, since it’s normally associated to the idea of dependency. Thus, forgetfulness must be distinguished from the “memory loss” associated to demential processes. Sciences have been advancing towards that aim and a special contribution from neuropsychology is noteworthy. Studies have demonstrated the existence of disabling pathologies, accompanyed by a relevant deficit in the memory function, with loss of autonomy and independence.We must, however, be aware of relationship between an individual’s memory and his/her biological, psychological, and social contexts. Memory is alive, it works an changes constantly.O estudo das funções cognitivas é uma área em franco desenvolvimento no campo da neurociência, e de interesse geral. Estudos e pesquisas procuram caracterizar os problemas cognitivos e diferenciar o normal do patológico. Verifica-se que muitos idosos queixam-se de dificuldades de memória e que algum declínio da função cognitiva pode ser observada no processo de envelhecimento normal, fato que preocupa o idoso e a família pois geralmente é associado à ideia de dependência. O esquecimento deve ser diferenciado da “perda da memória” associada a processos demenciais. As ciências avançam neste sentido e, ressalte-se em especial a contribuição da neuropsicologia. Estudos demonstram a existência de patologias invalidantes acompanhadas de déficit importante da função da memória com perda de autonomia e independência. Há que se salientar, no entanto, a relação da memória com o contexto bio-psic-social do indivíduo. A memória é viva, trabalha e muda permanentemente

Evaluación y Comparación de la Efectividad del Uso de Floculantes Naturales Aloe Vera (Sábila) y Opuntia Ficus-indica (Nopal/Tuna) y Orgánicos (Ferrocryl® y Chemlok 2040 ®) en el Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales del Proceso de Teñido de la Empresa Franky y Ricky S.A.

En el presente trabajo de investigación se llevó a cabo con la finalidad de evaluar y comparar la capacidad floculante y coagulante del mucilago tanto de la penca de la Opuntia ficus-indica (tuna) como el mucilago de la hoja de la Aloe vera (sábila) y la mezcla de ambos mucílagos, para el tratamiento de los efluentes textiles pertenecientes a la empresa Franky y Ricky S.A. Se trabajaron a las concentraciones de 100 g/ 200 mL, 200 g/200 mL, 300 g/200 mL, 400 g/200 mL y 500 g/200 mL del mucílago tanto de la hoja de sábila y de la penca de la tuna .Se evaluaron parámetros como conductividad, pH, Sólidos totales, Sólidos sedimentables, Sólidos disueltos, turbidez, empleando diferentes equipos como multiparámetro, turbidímetro, y siguiendo metodologías realizadas en previas investigaciones. Obteniendo resultados positivos para el tratamiento a partir de mucilago de la penca de tuna, a una concentración de 500 g/200mL de agua destilada en una dosis de 10 mL de mucílago para 150 mL de muestra de agua tinturada. Al tratar con la mezcla de ambos mucilagos, sé observó el efecto coagulante floculante pero en menor efectividad, ya que los flóculos formados eran de menor tamaño y consistencia el mucilago de Aloe vera (sábila) reduce la capacidad coagulante-floculante del mucilago de Opuntia ficus-indica (tuna o nopal).. Palabras Claves: Aloe vera (Sábila), Opuntia ficus-indica (Nopal), Mucilago de tuna, mucilago de sábila, penca, hoja, turbidez, conductividad, solidos totales, solidos disueltos, solidos suspendido

Early years teacher's conceptions and practices to assess and document children's conceptions

This text examines early childhood education in Portugal, which is divided into two categories: Day Care for children aged 0-3 years and Preschool Education in Kindergartens for children aged 3-6 years. The study focuses on Preschool Education, which is part of the Portuguese educational system and emphasizes educational preparation for children. The Framework Law for Preschool Education sets goals for socio-emotional and intellectual development, education for citizenship, correcting social asymmetries, and equalizing opportunities. The study aims to understand kindergarten teacher knowledge beliefs and practices regarding children's assessment and pedagogical documentation. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, distributed through social networks, and made available on the website of the APEI. The data were processed and analyzed with the aid of the Pandas tool, revealing that most kindergarten teachers engage in weekly reflections with children regarding the collected learning evidence and believe that a digital application could facilitate the documentation process. The most common use of digital applications is to share photos and/or videos and exchange messages with families. Kindergarten teachers use various methods to collect data on children's activities, such as direct observation and conversation with children, photographic records, and analysis of children's work. Overall, the study sheds light on how kindergarten teachers perceive pedagogical documentation, its importance, and the challenges associated with assessing children. It also highlights how digital applications can facilitate the documentation process, making it easier to share learning evidence with parents and track children's development.This work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UIDB/05777/2020 This study was developed within the scope of the Early Year Digital Portfolio Project, a KA2 Erasmus+ project with the Number: 2022-1-PT01-KA220-SCH-000086979, funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

High Levels of Tetrodotoxin (TTX) in Trumpet Shell Charonia lampas from the Portuguese Coast

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin, considered an emerging toxin in Europe where recently a safety limit of 44 µg TTX kg-1 was recommended by authorities. In this study, three specimens of the large gastropod trumpet shell Charonia lampas bought in a market in south Portugal were analyzed using a neuroblastoma cell (N2a) based assay and by LC-MS/MS. N2a toxicity was observed in the viscera of two individuals analyzed and LC-MS/MS showed very high concentrations of TTX (42.1 mg kg-1) and 4,9-anhydroTTX (56.3 mg kg-1). A third compound with m/z 318 and structurally related with TTX was observed. In the edible portion, i.e., the muscle, toxin levels were below the EFSA recommended limit. This study shows that trumpet shell marine snails are seafood species that may reach the markets containing low TTX levels in the edible portion but containing very high levels of TTX in non-edible portion raising concerns regarding food safety if a proper evisceration is not carried out by consumers. These results highlight the need for better understanding TTX variability in this gastropod species, which is critical to developing a proper legal framework for resources management ensuring seafood safety, and the introduction of these gastropods in the markets.UID/Multi/04326/2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sustentabilidade do aproveitamento do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar no Valle do Cauca, Colômbia

Introduction: This article is the result of the research titled “Sustainability of sugar cane bagasse utilization in Valle del Cauca, Colombia”, developed in 2015 at the Faculty of Environmental Engineering at the Universidad Santo Tomás. Methodology: the sustainability of sugarcane bagasse utilization produced in the Valle del Cauca was determined using the integrated sustainable development indicator S3 and the biogram developed by the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA). For this analysis, a diagnosis of the current bagasse utilization was performed; variables and periods involved were defined, the indicator was calculated and the sustainability of bagasse utilization was analyzed. Results: the result of the current sugar cane bagasse utilization sustainability is 0.51, which represents an average sustainability for the periods evaluated. Conclusions: It was concluded that the most important aspects to improve sustainability include environmental dimension discharge management, improvements on the productivity of bagasse in the economic dimension and greater coverage of programs in the social dimension.Introducción: este artículo es producto de la investigación titulada “Sostenibilidad del aprovechamiento del bagazo de caña de azúcar en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia”, desarrollada en el 2015 en la Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Metodología: se determinó la sostenibilidad del aprovechamiento del bagazo de caña de azúcar producido en el Valle del Cauca, utilizando el indicador integrado de desarrollo sostenible S3 y el biograma desarrollado por el Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA). Para dicho análisis, se realizó un diagnóstico de la situación actual del aprovechamiento del bagazo, se definieron las variables y los periodos implicados, se calculó el indicador y se analizó la sostenibilidad del aprovechamiento del bagazo. Resultados: se obtuvo como resultado que la sostenibilidad actual del aprovechamiento del bagazo de caña de azúcar es de 0,51, lo cual representa una sostenibilidad media para los periodos evaluados. Conclusiones: se concluyó que los aspectos más relevantes para mejorar la sostenibilidad son el manejo de los vertimientos en la dimensión ambiental, mejoras en la productividad del bagazo en la dimensión económica y ampliación en la cobertura de programas en la dimensión social.Introdução: este artigo é produto da investigação titulada “Sustentabilidade do aproveitamento do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar no Valle do Cauca, Colômbia”, desenvolvida no ano de 2015 na Faculdade de Engenharia Ambiental da Universidade Santo Tomás. Metodologia: determinou-se a sustentabilidade do aproveitamento do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar produzido no Valle do Cauca, utilizando o indicador integrado de desenvolvimento sustentável S3 e o biograma desenvolvido pelo Instituto Interamericano de Cooperação para a Agricultura (iica). Para essa análise, realizou-se um diagnóstico da situação atual do aproveitamento do bagaço, foram definidas as variáveis e os períodos envolvidos, foi calculado o indicador e foi analisada a sustentabilidade do aproveitamento do bagaço. Resultados: obteve-se como resultado que a sustentabilidade atual do aproveitamento do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar é de 0,51, representando uma sustentabilidade média para os períodos avaliados. Conclusões: concluiu-se que os aspectos mais relevantes para melhorar a sustentabilidade são o manejo dos vazamentos na dimensão ambiental, melhoramentos na produtividade do bagaço na dimensão económica e ampliação na cobertura de programas na dimensão social

New 3‐ethynylaryl coumarin‐based dyes for dssc applications: Synthesis, spectroscopic properties, and theoretical calculations

PTDC/QUI‐QOR/7450/2020 POCI‐01‐0145‐FEDER‐016387 UIDB/50006/2020 UIDP/50006/2020 RECI/BBB‐BQB/0230/2012 RECI/BBB‐BEP/0124/2012 2020.09047.BD PD/BD/135087/2017 PD/BD/145324/2019/ (G.M.) .A set of 3‐ethynylaryl coumarin dyes with mono, bithiophenes and the fused variant, thieno [3,2‐b] thiophene, as well as an alkylated benzotriazole unit were prepared and tested for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). For comparison purposes, the variation of the substitution pattern at the coumarin unit was analyzed with the natural product 6,7‐dihydroxycoumarin (Esculetin) as well as 5,7‐dihydroxycomarin in the case of the bithiophene dye. Crucial steps for extension of the conjugated system involved Sonogashira reaction yielding highly fluorescent molecules. Spectroscopic characterization showed that the extension of conjugation via the alkynyl bridge resulted in a strong red‐shift of absorption and emission spectra (in solution) of approximately 73–79 nm and 52–89 nm, respectively, relative to 6,7‐dimethoxy‐4‐methylcoumarin (λabs = 341 nm and λem = 410 nm). Theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) is mostly centered in the cyanoacrylic anchor unit, corroborating the high intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character of the electronic transition. Photovoltaic performance evaluation reveals that the thieno [3,2‐b] thiophene unit present in dye 8 leads to the best sensitizer of the set, with a conversion efficiency (η = 2.00%), best VOC (367 mV) and second best Jsc (9.28 mA∙cm−2), surpassed only by dye 9b (Jsc = 10.19 mA∙cm−2). This high photocurrent value can be attributed to increased donor ability of the 5,7‐dimethoxy unit when compared to the 6,7 equivalent (9b).publishersversionpublishe