16 research outputs found
Un quartier antique de Brocomagus/Brumath (7-9 rue du Général Rampont), Bas-Rhin
Lâurbanisme de la capitale de citĂ© des Triboques, Brumath/Brocomagus, est relativement mal connu et la plupart de ses monuments publics ne sont pas localisĂ©s. Lâhabitat est trĂšs partiellement documentĂ© par quelques fouilles rĂ©centes restĂ©es inĂ©dites Ă ce jour.Lâintervention archĂ©ologique rĂ©alisĂ©e en 2009 rue Rampont apporte des donnĂ©es nouvelles et prĂ©cises sur le dĂ©veloppement spatial et chronologique dâun secteur central de lâagglomĂ©ration. Les premiĂšres installations, qui sâinscrivent entre la fin du Ier siĂšcle av. J.-C. et le dĂ©but du Ier siĂšcle ap. J.-C., posent la question de lâorigine de la ville et des modalitĂ©s de son dĂ©veloppement. Le caractĂšre urbain est nettement perceptible Ă partir des annĂ©es 30/40 de notre Ăšre avec la mise en place dâun quartier dâhabitation et de thermes publics. Lâorganisation parcellaire fait lâobjet de restructurations dans la seconde moitiĂ© du Ier siĂšcle avant de devenir stable du IIe siĂšcle Ă la fin du IIIe siĂšcle. Les terrains ne sont plus bĂątis au cours de la premiĂšre moitiĂ© du IVe siĂšcle, Ă part le bĂątiment des thermes, partiellement occupĂ©. Une nouvelle organisation dâhabitat se met en place dans la seconde moitiĂ© du IVe siĂšcle jusquâau ve siĂšcle, tĂ©moignant du dynamisme tardif de lâagglomĂ©ration.The urbanism of the capital of the Triboci, Brumath/Brocomagus has provided new and detailed data on the spatial and chronological development of the centre of the conurbation. The first installations, dating to the end of the 1st century BC and the beginning of the 1st century AD question the origins of the town and how it subsequently developed. The urban structure is clear from as early as 30/40 AD with the founding of a residence quarter and public baths. The plots are reorganised in the second half of the 1st century before stabilising from the 2nd to the 3rd century. No additional plots are built on from the first half of the 4th century, except for the baths which were only used in part. A new organisation of the settlement is put into place during the second half of the 4th to the 5th century and attests a late dynamism of the conurbation.Ăber das StadtgefĂŒge von Brumath/Brocomagus, dem Hauptort der civitas der Triboker, weiĂ man relativ wenig und nur wenige öffentliche Bauwerke sind lokalisiert. Das Siedlungswesen ist nur in geringem MaĂe durch einige neuere noch unveröffentlichte Ausgrabungen dokumentiert.Die archĂ€ologische Intervention, die 2009 in der Rue Rampont vorgenommen wurde, hat neue genaue Informationen zur rĂ€umlichen und zeitlichen Entwicklung eines zentralen Sektors von Brocomagus geliefert. Die ersten Siedlungsspuren aus der Zeit zwischen dem Ende des 1. Jh. v. Chr. und dem Beginn des 1. Jh. n. Chr. werfen die Frage nach dem Ursprung und den UmstĂ€nden der Entwicklung der Stadt auf. Der stĂ€dtische Charakter ist ab 30/40 n. Chr. deutlich erkennbar, als ein Wohnviertel und öffentliche Thermen gebaut werden. Die Parzellenorganisation wird in der zweiten HĂ€lfte des 1. Jh. neugeordnet, vom 2. bis Ende des 3. Jh. besteht sie unverĂ€ndert fort. In der ersten HĂ€lfte des 4. Jh. weisen die GrundstĂŒcke, abgesehen von den teilweise weiter genutzten Thermen, keine Bebauungspuren mehr auf. In der zweiten HĂ€lfte des 4. Jh. und bis zum 5. Jh zeugt eine Neuorganisation des Wohnraums von der spĂ€ten Dynamik der Ortschaft
Global maps of soil temperature
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0â5 and 5â15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world\u27s major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (â0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications
Global maps of soil temperature
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-kmÂČ resolution for 0â5 and 5â15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e., offset) between in-situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-kmÂČ pixels (summarized from 8500 unique temperature sensors) across all the worldâs major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in-situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications
Global maps of soil temperature.
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0-5 and 5-15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications
Reims, rue Saint-Symphorien : décors de deux piÚces contiguës
La domus de la rue Saint-Symphorien Ă Reims (Marne), fouillĂ©e en 2006 par lâInrap, a livrĂ© plusieurs lots de peintures, dont les principaux posent notamment la question du dĂ©cor de deux piĂšces contiguĂ«s. Les peintures, en place sur les murs ou effondrĂ©es au sol, laissent penser que la grande salle de rĂ©ception ainsi quâune plus petite Ă©taient ornĂ©es dâun mĂȘme dĂ©cor, Ă fond noir et rouge audessus dâune haute plinthe rose mouchetĂ©e. MĂȘlĂ© Ă ces fragments, un ensemble Ă fond blanc, agrĂ©mentĂ© de bandes de rouge cinabre et dâimagines clipeatae de belle facture, vestige dâun Ă©tat antĂ©rieur, semble avoir ornĂ© un des murs de la petite salle, en coexistence avec le dĂ©cor polychrome.The domus in rue Saint-Symphorien in Reims (Marne), which was excavated in 2006 by the Institut national de recherches archĂ©ologiques preventives (Inrap), was found to contain sets of paintings, the most important of which raised the question of the decoration in two adjacent rooms. The paintings, which were either still in situ on the walls or in pieces on the ground, suggest that the large and smaller reception room were decorated with the same decor, that is to say, a black and red ground above a high, flecked pink socle. Coexisting with this polychrome decoration and mixed with these fragments, it seems that one of the walls in the smaller room featured a series of elements on a white ground, embellished with beautifully created imagines clipeatae and bands in cinnabar red, the vestiges of an earlier period.Die 2006 vom Inrap ausgegrabene domus der Rue Saint-Symphorien in Reims (Marne) hat mehrere Ensembles von Wandmalereien geliefert. Die Hauptwerke stellen insbesondere die Frage nach dem Dekor aus zwei aneinander grenzenden RĂ€umen. Die noch an den WĂ€nden haftenden oder am Boden liegenden Malereien legen nahe, dass das gleiche Dekor sowohl den groĂen Empfangsaal als auch einen kleineren Nebenraum schmĂŒckte : schwarz-und rotgrundige Felder ĂŒber einer hohen rosa gesprenkelten Sockelzone. Unter den Fragmenten befand sich ein zu einer Ă€lteren Phase gehöriges Ensemble, dessen Dekor auf weiĂem Grund mit zinnoberroten Streifen und qualitĂ€tvollen imagines clipeatae gemeinsam mit dem polychromen Dekor eine der WĂ€nde des kleinen Raumes geschmĂŒckt zu haben scheint
Martizay : nouvelle lecture et nouvelle présentation
Le site de Saint-Romain prĂšs de Martizay (Indre) a livrĂ© au cours des campagnes de fouilles successives (de 1947 Ă Â 1971) un certain nombre dâenduits peints fragmentaires. LâĂ©tude des deux ensembles principaux a abouti Ă la restitution partielle de deux parois dâorigine : un monochrome rouge oĂč les panneaux sont encadrĂ©s de dĂ©licats motifs de masques, de vases et dâoiseaux, et oĂč les candĂ©labres appuyĂ©s sur des rapaces ou des Ă©lĂ©ments architecturaux supportent des tableautins, dâune part ; et dâautre part, un dĂ©cor Ă fond blanc enrichi de thyrses croisĂ©s, de bouquets de feuilles et de guirlandes. Dans le nouveau musĂ©e archĂ©ologique crĂ©Ă© en 2009, une part importante est faite Ă la prĂ©sentation des peintures murales, les fragments originaux Ă©tant exposĂ©s face Ă des fac-similĂ©s.A series of excavations (1947â 71) at the Saint-Romain site near Martizay (Indre) turned up a number of fragmentary painted plasters. Study of the two most important resulted in the partial reconstruction of two original walls : first, a monochrome red with panels framed by delicate mask motifs, vases and birds, and where candelabra are supported by birds of prey or architectural elements support small scenes ; second, a decor on a white ground features crossed thyrsus staffs, garlands and bouquets of foliage. A section of the new archaeological museum, created in 2009, features wall paintings, with original fragments exhibited beside facsimiles.Der Fundplatz Saint-Romain bei Martizay (Indre) hat im Laufe der von 1947 bis 1971 aufeinander folgenden Grabungskampagnen eine Anzahl fragmentarischer Wandmalereien geliefert. Die Untersuchung der beiden Hauptensembles hat zur Rekonstruktion von zwei der ursprĂŒnglichen WĂ€nde gefĂŒhrt : Einerseits ein monochromes rotes Ensemble, dessen Felder von zarten Maskenmotiven, Vasen und Vögeln gerahmt werden ; dazwischen ist ein Dekor mit Greifen und Schirmkandelabern zu sehen, deren oberen Abschluss Bildtafeln bilden ; andererseits, ein Dekor auf weiĂem Grund mit gekreuzten ThyrsusstĂ€ben, Blattgebinden und Girlanden. Das neue, 2009 eröffnete archĂ€ologische Museum rĂ€umt den Wandmalereien einen bedeutenden Platz ein, wobei die Originalfragmente gegenĂŒber von Reproduktionen ausgestellt sind
Les dĂ©cors peints de la villa du âChamptier-des-Cerisiersâ Ă Longjumeau (Essonne) : scĂšnes de chasse et de repas
International audienc
Peinture murale romaine au musée de Martizay: Deux décors de Saint-Romain. Musée archéologique de Martizay,
International audienc