696 research outputs found
Contemporaneous broad-band photometry and H observations of T Tauri stars
The study of contemporaneous variations of the continuum flux and emission
lines is of great importance to understand the different astrophysical
processes at work in T Tauri stars. In this paper we present the results of a
simultaneous and H photometric monitoring, contemporaneous to
medium-resolution spectroscopy of six T Tauri stars in the Taurus-Auriga star
forming region. We have characterized the H photometric system using
synthetic templates and the contemporaneous spectra of the targets. We show
that we can achieve a precision corresponding to 23 \AA\ in the H
equivalent width, in typical observing conditions. The spectral analysis has
allowed us to determine the basic stellar parameters and the values of
quantities related to the accretion. In particular, we have measured a
significant veiling only for the three targets with the strongest H
emission (T Tau, FM Tau, and DG Tau). The broad-band photometric variations are
found to be in the range 0.050.70 mag and are often paired to variations in
the H intensity, which becomes stronger when the stellar continuum is
weaker. In addition, we have mostly observed a redder and a bluer
color as the stars become fainter. For most of the targets, the timescales of
these variations seem to be longer than the rotation period. One exception is T
Tau, for which the broad-band photometry varies with the rotation period. The
most plausible interpretation of these photometric and H variations is
that they are due to non-stationary mass accretion onto the stars, but
rotational modulation can play a major role in some cases.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Acta Astronomic
El pensamiento en la clase de inglés: fuente de poder o vulnerabilidad
The studentsâ thoughts are a source of power when they are used correctly in the EFL classroom, but, on the contrary, they may be an obstacle to learning and cause emotional instability if the students do not use them well. According to general studies of psychology, thoughts can be classified as relevant and irrelevant. A relevant thought takes place when a person dedicates his thinking to a specific task. For instance, a student is doing a multiple-choice exercise about phrasal verbs, and makes hypothesis and deductions from his knowledge of phrasal verbs in order to do the exercise. Then, as those relevant thoughts take place, other thoughts that are not related directly to that exercise emerge. Those can be irrelevant thoughts when they do not help in doing the task, and interfere with relevant thoughts. They refer to intrapersonal matters, as self-efficacy, motivation, self-esteem, etc. For instance, the student thinks: âI wonât be able to do the exerciseâ or âI should have studied harderâ, etc. However, these irrelevant thoughts can be facilitating to the task if the student is able to analyze those thoughts and change them into positive ones: âI will do my bestâ or âAlthough I have not studied hard, I will give it a chanceâ .This paper shows how cognition and emotion relate to each other and how relevant and irrelevant thoughts are created. It will also explain how the language learner employs self-defense mechanisms as s/he finds difficulties or aversion in doing learning tasks. As a general consideration, irrelevant thoughts can be as important as relevant thoughts in learning a language. Moreover, many researchers claim that they are responsible for determining success or failure in ordinary classroom learning tasks
Una forma de reducir la ansiedad en los exåmenes orales de inglés como lengua extranjera: técnica de reevaluación positiva
This paper deals with a research project, which aims to analyze the application of a technique in order to reduce anxiety in foreign language oral exams. After considering reasons for the existence of exam anxiety and some options for anxiety reduction, the technique of positive reevaluation is described and presented as a possible alternative. An empirical study carried out with secondary-school students showed reduction of anxiety when using this technique.The study attempts to verify the hypothesis that anxiety levels drop when candidates, who perceive the oral exam negatively, reevaluate their own performance at the start of the exam and succeed in perceiving it positively. To facilitate this, examiners model their discourse at the very beginning of the oral exam, providing candidates with comprehensible input and the opportunity to reduce their anxiety
On the accretion properties of young stellar objects in the L1615/L1616 cometary cloud
We present the results of FLAMES/UVES and FLAMES/GIRAFFE spectroscopic
observations of 23 low-mass stars in the L1615/L1616 cometary cloud,
complemented with FORS2 and VIMOS spectroscopy of 31 additional stars in the
same cloud. L1615/L1616 is a cometary cloud where the star formation was
triggered by the impact of the massive stars in the Orion OB association. From
the measurements of the lithium abundance and radial velocity, we confirm the
membership of our sample to the cloud. We use the equivalent widths of the
H, H, and the HeI 5876, 6678, 7065
\AAemission lines to calculate the accretion luminosities, ,
and the mass accretion rates, . We find in L1615/L1616 a
fraction of accreting objects (), which is consistent with the
typical fraction of accretors in T associations of similar age ( Myr).
The mass accretion rate for these stars shows a trend with the mass of the
central object similar to that found for other star-forming regions, with a
spread at a given mass which depends on the evolutionary model used to derive
the stellar mass. Moreover, the behavior of the colors with indicates that strong accretors with dex show large excesses in the bands, as in previous
studies. We also conclude that the accretion properties of the L1615/L1616
members are similar to those of young stellar objects in T associations, like
Lupus.Comment: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics. 17 pages, 11 figures, 6
table
A WFI survey in the Chamaeleon II dark cloud
We present the results of an optical multi-band survey for low-mass Pre-Main
Sequence (PMS) stars and young Brown Dwarfs (BDs) in the Chamaeleon II (Cha II)
dark cloud. This survey constitutes the complementary optical data to the c2d
Spitzer Legacy survey in Cha II.
Using the Wide-Field Imager (WFI) at the ESO 2.2m telescope, we surveyed a
sky area of about 1.75 square degrees in Cha II. The region was observed in the
Rc, Ic and z broad-bands, in H-alpha and in two medium-band filters centered at
856 and 914 nm. We select PMS star and young BD candidates using
colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and theoretical isochrones reproduced ad-hoc
for the WFI at the ESO2.2m telescope system. The selection criteria are also
reinforced by using the previously known PMS stars in Cha II to define the PMS
locus on the CMDs and by investigating the infrared (IR) colours of the
candidates. By exploiting the WFI intermediate-band photometry we also estimate
the effective temperature and the level of H-alpha emission of the candidates.
Our survey, which is one of the largest and deepest optical surveys conducted
so far in Cha II, recovered the majority of the PMS stars and 10 member
candidates of the cloud from previous IR surveys. In addition, the survey
revealed 10 new potential members. From our photometric characterisation, we
estimate that some 50% of the 20 candidates will result in true Cha II members.
Based on our temperature estimates, we conclude that several of these objects
are expected to be sub-stellar and give a first estimate of the fraction of
sub-stellar objects.Comment: 26 pages, 18 figure
UNA FORMA DE REDUCIR LA ANSIEDAD EN LOS EXĂMENES ORALES DE INGLĂS COMO LENGUA EXTRANJERA: TĂCNICA DE REEVALUACIĂN POSITIVA
AbstractThis paper deals with a research project, which aims to analyze the application of a technique in order to reduce anxiety in foreign language oral exams. After considering reasons for the existence of exam anxiety and some options for anxiety reduction, the technique of positive reevaluation is described and presented as a possible alternative. An empirical study carried out with secondary-school students showed reduction of anxiety when using this technique.The study attempts to verify the hypothesis that anxiety levels drop when candidates, who perceive the oral exam negatively, reevaluate their own performance at the start of the exam and succeed in perceiving it positively. To facilitate this, examiners model their discourse at the very beginning of the oral exam, providing candidates with comprehensible input and the opportunity to reduce their anxiety
Hunting for brown dwarf binaries and testing atmospheric models with X-Shooter
The determination of the brown dwarf binary fraction may contribute to the
understanding of the substellar formation mechanisms. Unresolved brown dwarf
binaries may be revealed through their peculiar spectra or the discrepancy
between optical and near-infrared spectral type classification.
We obtained medium-resolution spectra of 22 brown dwarfs with these
characteristics using the X-Shooter spectrograph at the VLT.
We aimed to identify brown dwarf binary candidates, and to test if the
BT-Settl 2014 atmospheric models reproduce their observed spectra.
To find binaries spanning the L-T boundary, we used spectral indices and
compared the spectra of the selected candidates to single spectra and synthetic
binary spectra. We used synthetic binary spectra with components of same
spectral type to determine as well the sensitivity of the method to this class
of binaries.
We identified three candidates to be combination of L plus T brown dwarfs. We
are not able to identify binaries with components of similar spectral type. In
our sample, we measured minimum binary fraction of .
From the best fit of the BT-Settl models 2014 to the observed spectra, we
derived the atmospheric parameters for the single objects. The BT-Settl models
were able to reproduce the majority of the SEDs from our objects, and the
variation of the equivalent width of the RbI (794.8 nm) and CsI (852.0 nm)
lines with the spectral type. Nonetheless, these models did not reproduce the
evolution of the equivalent widths of the NaI (818.3 nm and 819.5 nm) and KI
(1253 nm) lines with the spectral type.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
EL PENSAMIENTO EN LA CLASE DE INGLĂS: FUENTE DE PODER O VULNERABILIDAD
AbstractThe studentsâ thoughts are a source of power when they are used correctly in the EFL classroom, but, on the contrary, they may be an obstacle to learning and cause emotional instability if the students do not use them well. According to general studies of psychology, thoughts can be classified as relevant and irrelevant. A relevant thought takes place when a person dedicates his thinking to a specific task. For instance, a student is doing a multiple-choice exercise about phrasal verbs, and makes hypothesis and deductions from his knowledge of phrasal verbs in order to do the exercise. Then, as those relevant thoughts take place, other thoughts that are not related directly to that exercise emerge. Those can be irrelevant thoughts when they do not help in doing the task, and interfere with relevant thoughts. They refer to intrapersonal matters, as self-efficacy, motivation, self-esteem, etc. For instance, the student thinks: âI wonât be able to do the exerciseâ or âI should have studied harderâ, etc. However, these irrelevant thoughts can be facilitating to the task if the student is able to analyze those thoughts and change them into positive ones: âI will do my bestâ or âAlthough I have not studied hard, I will give it a chanceâ .This paper shows how cognition and emotion relate to each other and how relevant and irrelevant thoughts are created. It will also explain how the language learner employs self-defense mechanisms as s/he finds difficulties or aversion in doing learning tasks. As a general consideration, irrelevant thoughts can be as important as relevant thoughts in learning a language. Moreover, many researchers claim that they are responsible for determining success or failure in ordinary classroom learning tasks
Variability of the transitional T Tauri star T Chamaeleontis
We characterize the physical properties of T Chamaeleontis, a transitional T
Tauri star showing UX Ori-type variability, and of its associated disc, and
probe possible effects of disc clearing processes. Different spectral
diagnostics are examined, based on a rich collection of optical high- and
low-resolution spectra. We determine radial and projected rotational
velocities, and measure equivalent widths of the Li I (6708 A) line and of the
most prominent emission lines (e.g. Ha, Hb and [OI] 6300A); we analyse shape
changes of photospheric lines via bisector-method, while variability in Ha and
Hb is inspected through line-profile correlation matrices. The strength of the
Ha and Hb emission is highly variable and well correlated with that of the [OI]
lines, as well as with Av variations of over three magnitudes. Variations up to
nearly 10 km/s in the radial velocity of the star are measured on analogous
time-scale, but with no apparent periodicity. SED modelling confirms the
existence of a gap in the disc. Variable circumstellar extinction is pointed
out as responsible for the conspicuous variations observed in the stellar
continuum flux and for concomitant changes in the emission features by contrast
effect. Clumpy structures, incorporating large dust grains and orbiting the
star within a few tenths of AU, obscure episodically the star and, eventually,
part of the inner circumstellar zone, while the bulk of the hydrogen lines
emitting zone and outer low-density wind region traced by the [OI] remain
unaffected. Coherently with this scenario, the detected radial velocity changes
are also explainable in terms of clumpy materials transiting and partially
obscuring the star.Comment: 38 pages, 32 figures. To appear in the Astronomy and Astrophysics
main journa
Aligning the principles of assessment for learning to learning in physical education: a review of literature
peer-reviewedThe full text of this article will not be available in ULIR until the embargo expires on the 19/04/2022Background: A comprehensive international literature review on alternative assessment in physical education has been provided by LĂłpez-Pastor et al. ([2013]. âAlternative Assessment in Physical Education: A Review of International Literature.â Sport, Education & Society 18 (1): 57â76). The authors remarked that while more authentic forms of assessment in physical education have been evidenced over the last three decades, the extent to which alternative assessment practices have become common practice in the teaching of physical education is yet to be established.
Purpose: This review provides an updated perspective on the prevalence of assessment for learning (AfL) principles in physical education discourse since the 2013 publication. The intent is to inform and consider future AfL practices in school physical education and physical education teacher education (PETE) programmes.
Methods: Eligibility criteria for the review required full-text articles written in English or Spanish; published (open access and/or in print) in peer-reviewed, academic and professional journals; and limited to the period 2013â2019. Inclusion criteria required articles to report assessment being used to promote learning in physical education, regardless of making reference to âassessment for learningâ.
Findings: Fifty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. A thematic analysis of these articles resulted in four themes: i) traditional positioning of assessment in physical education; ii) AfL and physical education; iii) the constraints in enacting AfL in physical education; and iv) how to most effectively embed AfL in daily physical education practices.
Conclusions: The main conclusions of this review are that i) AfL is a learning-oriented assessment based on socio constructivist theories and integrated into the teaching-learning process, ii) physical education teachers continue to use assessment solely to grade students; iii) physical education teachers do not have the necessary skillset to use AfL in physical education successfully; iv) physical education teachers need to be supported to implement AfL; and v) it is necessary to consider how best PETE programmes can infuse AfL across the programme
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