Image Quality In Partially Erased Denoptix® Storage Phosphor Plates

This study aimed at investigating the effect of the partial erasing of DenOptix® system storage phosphor plates on the image quality of digital radiographs. Standardized digital radiographs were acquired of a phantom mandible, using size 2 intraoral DenOptix® storage phosphor plates (n = 10). Subsequently, the active areas of the plates were placed in a viewing box with a constant light intensity of 1,700 lux for 130 seconds to achieve complete erasing (control plate), as well as for 0, 5, 10, 1S, 20, 25, 34, 66, and 98 seconds, to compose the experimental group of partially erased plates. The same exposure settings were repeated using the control and experimental plates, which were scanned at a resolution of 300 dpi. Five radiologists independently examined the pairs of digital radiographs obtained with the control and partially erased plates, in random order, and indicated the best image for oral diagnosis. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel's chi-square test, at a significance level of 5%, was used to compare the percentages of superior quality images in each combination of control and partially erased plates, subjectively assessed. No significant differences were found between radiographic images acquired with control and partially erased plates, except for the combination of 0 second (30%) versus 130 seconds (70%), p = 0.0047. It can be concluded that, under adequate light intensity conditions, erasing intraoral DenOptix® storage phosphor plates may require time intervals of as little as 5 seconds.2217883Akdeniz, B.G., Gröndahl, H.G., Kose, T., Effect of delayed scanning of storage phosphor plates (2005) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 99 (5), pp. 603-607Akdeniz, B.G., Gröndahl, H.G., Degradation of storage phosphor images due to scanning delay (2006) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 35 (2), pp. 74-77Almeida, S.M., Oliveira, A.E.F., Ferreira, R.I., Bóscolo, F.N., Image quality in digital radiographic systems (2003) Braz Dent J, 14 (2), pp. 136-141Borg, E., Attaelmanan, A., Gröndahl, H.G., Subjective image quality of solid-state and photostimulable phosphor systems for digital intra-oral radiography (2000) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 29 (2), pp. 70-75Ferreira, R.I., Haiter-Neto, F., Tabchoury, C.P.M., Paiva, G.A.N., Bóscolo, F.N., Assessment of enamel demineralization using conventional, digital, and digitized radiography (2006) Braz Oral Res, 20 (2), pp. 114-119Wenzel, A., Gröndahl, H.G., Direct digital radiography in the dental office (1995) Int Dent J, 45 (1), pp. 27-34Oliveira, A.E., Almeida, S.M., Paganini, G.A., Haiter Neto, F., Bóscolo, F.N., Comparative study of two digjtal radiographic storage phosphor systems (2000) Braz Dent J, 11 (2), pp. 111-116Borg, E., Attaelmanan, A., Gröndahl, H.G., Image plate systems differ in physical performance (2000) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 89 (1), pp. 118-124Martins, M.G.B.Q., Haiter Neto, F., Whaites, E.J., Analysis of digital images acquired using different phosphor storage plates (PSPs) subjected to varying reading times and storage conditions (2003) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 32 (3), pp. 186-190(1998) DenOptix digital imaging system - user manual and installation guide, , Gendex Dental X-Ray Division, Des Plaines: The Division;Menig, J.J., The DenOptix digital radiographic system (1999) J Clin Orthod, 33 (7), pp. 407-410Berkhout WE, Beuger DA, Sanderink GC, van der Stelt PF. The dynamic range of digital radiographic systems: dose reduction or risk of overexposure? Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2004;33(1):1-SHildebolt, C.F., Couture, R.A., Whiting, B.R., Dental photostimulable phosphor radiography (2000) Dent Clin North Am, 44 (2), pp. 273-297Martins, M.G.B.Q., Whaites, E.J., Ambrosano, G.M.B., Haiter Neto, F., What happens if you delay scanning Digora phosphor storage plates (PSPs) for up to 4 hours? (2006) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 35 (3), pp. 143-146Gröndahl, H.G., Wenzel, A., Borg, E., Tammisalo, E., An image plate system for digital intra-oral radiography (1996) Dent Update, 23 (8), pp. 334-33

Influencia del fotoperiodo en el desarrollo floral de plantas de solidago chilensis, aster ericoides ev. 'monteeasino' y solidago x luteus

Solidago x luteus es un híbrido interespecífico entre Solidago ptarmicoides y Solidago canadensis. Este híbrido, Solidago chilensis y Aster ericoides cv. 'Montecasino' son las especies objeto del presente estudio. Son plantas típicas de días largos, las cuales crecen como rosetas en días cortos y son explotadas para flor de corte. Se observaron características vegetativas y reproductivas de estas especies en condiciones fotoperiódicas de 8h y 20h y, en Solidago x luteus, por su mejor performance en cuanto a la inducción floral, se realizaron estudios de comportamiento fotoperiódico del desarrollo desde el botón floral hasta antesis. En forma general, en las tres especies estudiadas, los fotoperíodos largos promueven inducción floral y aumento en el número de ramificaciones laterales y de hojas. En días cortos, lasplantas de Solidago chilensis permanecieron en roseta, en las de Solidago x luteus hubo inducción y antesis floral, en tanto que, en Aster ericoides, había plantas en roseta y plantas inducidas. La evidencia de que los días cortos aceleraban la antesis floral en plantas de Solidago x luteus, inducidas endías largos, se fortaleció con el experimento de diferente duración en días cortos (5; 10 y 15 días); lo cual se confirmó en experimentos subsecuentes, en donde se comprobó que la planta responde a los fotoperíodos cortos (8h; 10h y 12h), acelerando la antesis y a los fotoperíodos largos (16h y 20h), retardándola y los fotoperiódos entre 12h y 16h (14h)  estarían en una situación de transición entre días cortos y días largos, caracterizando, así, una respuesta cuantitativa con el aumento del fotoperíodo.Solidago x luteus is a hybrid between Solidago ptarmicoides and Solidago canadensis. This hybrid, Solidago chilensis and Aster ericoides cv. 'Montecasino' are the subject of the present work. They are typically long-day plants which grow as rosettes in short days and are exploited as cut flowers. The effect of photoperiod on vegetative development and floral induction of these species was studied. Since the best floral induction performance was observed in Solidago x luteus, studies of photoperiodic behavior of floral bud to anthesis were done with this specie. Floral induction was generally promoted, and the number of lateral branches and leaves increased under long days (20h) in all species. Solidago chilensis plants remained as rosettes, while in Solidago x luteus floral induction occurred under short days (8h). However, Aster ericoides showed both responses, rosettes and floral induction. The hypothesis that short days speeded up flower anthesis in Solidagox luteuswas tested in the experiment with different short days periods (5, 10 and 15 days). Finally, was showed that the rate of flower bud development to anthesis was more rapid in shorter photoperiods (8h, 10h, 12h), delayed in long photoperiods (16h, 20h) and, in photoperiods between 12h and 16h (14h), a transition situation between short and long days, characterizing this response as a quantitative with the increase of photoperiod

Superconductivity in the Nb2SnC compound

Nb2SnC is a member of the large family of lamellar materials that crystallize in the hexagonal structure with space group P63/mmc which are isomorphs with Cr2AlC, also named H-phase. In spite of the great number of compounds which belong to this family, the superconductivity has been reported only for two cases: Mo2GaC and Nb2SC. In this work we show that superconductivity can be observed in Nb2SnC depending on the synthesis method used. The quality of the superconductor is strongly dependent of the synthesis method and the optimal results were reached for samples synthesized at 2.5 GPa and 523 +/- 50oC. This sample showed a critical temperature close to 7.8K, revealed from magnetization and transport measurement, the highest critical temperature reported up to now for an H-phase.Comment: paper with 12 pages and 4 figure

Diagnosis Of Secondary Caries In Esthetic Restorations: Influence Of The Incidence Vertical Angle Of The X-ray Beam

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy on the diagnosis of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on esthetic restorations of different materials, changing the incidence vertical angle (IVA) of the x-ray beam. Twenty human teeth received MOD inlay preparations. In the experimental group (n=10), a round cavity was made in the floor of the proximal box to simulate the caries-like lesion. All teeth were restored with 3 composite resins (Charisma, Filtek-Z250 and TPH-Spectrum) at 3 moments. Two radiographic images were acquired with 0° and 10° IVA. Ten observers evaluated the images using a 5-point confidence scale. Intra- and interobserver reliability was analyzed with the Interclass Correlation Coefficient and the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (Az), Friedman test and Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). Higher accuracy values were obtained with 10° IVA (Az=0.66, Filtek- Z250>Az=0.56, TPH-Spectrum) compared to 0° (Az=0.55, Charisma>Az=0.37, TPH-Spectrum), though without statistically significant difference (p>0.05). The detection of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on esthetic restorations of different materials suffered no negative influence by changing the IVA of the x-ray beam.222129133Levin, L., Coval, M., Geiger, S.B., Cross-sectional radiographic survey of amalgam and resin-based composite posterior restorations (2007) Quintessence Int, 38, pp. 511-514Haak, R., Wicht, M.J., Hellmich, M., Noack, M.J., Detection of marginal defects of composite restorations with conventional and digital radiographs (2002) Eur J Oral Sci, 110, pp. 282-286Kirkevang, L.L., Vaeth, M., Wenzel, A., Prevalence and incidence of caries lesions in relation to placement and replacement of fillings: A longitudinal observational radiographic study of an adult Danish population (2009) Caries Res, 43, pp. 286-293Newman, B., Seow, W.K., Kazoullis, S., Ford, D., Holcombe, T., Clinical detection of caries in the primary dentition with and without bitewing radiography (2009) Austr Dent J, 54, pp. 23-30Anbiaee, N., Mohassel, A.R., Imanimoghaddam, M., Moazzami, S.M., A comparison of the accuracy of digital and conventional radiography in the diagnosis of recurrent caries (2010) Contemp Dent Pract, 11, pp. 25-32Nair, M.K., Tyndall, D.A., Ludlow, J.B., May, K., Ye, F., The effects of restorative material and location on the detection of simulated recurrent caries. A comparison of dental film, direct digital radiography and tuned aperture computed tomography (1998) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 27, pp. 80-84van der Stelt, P.F., Ruttiman, U.E., Webber, R.L., Heemstra, P., In vitro study into the influence from x-ray beam angulation on the detection of artificial caries defects on interproximal radiographs (1989) Caries Res, 23, pp. 334-341Tveit, A.B., Espelid, I., Erickson, R.L., Glasspoole, E.A., Vertical angulation from X-ray beam and radiographic diagnosis of secondary caries (1991) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 19, pp. 333-335Akarslan, Z.Z., Akdevelioǧlu, M., Güngör, K., Erten, H., A comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of bitewing, periapical, unfiltered and filtered digital panoramic images for approximal caries detection in posterior teeth (2008) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 37, pp. 458-463Sabbagh, J., Vreven, J., Leloup, G., Radiopacity of resin-based materials measured in film radiographs and storage phosphor plate (Digora) (2004) Oper Dent, 29, pp. 677-684Dental resin based restorative materials, 6 (10), pp. 1985-1985. , ISO:DP 4049, International standards organization (Draft Proposal), clauseMagalhães, C.S., Freitas, A.B., Moreira, A.N., Ferreira, E.F., Validity of staining and marginal ditching as criteria for diagnosis of secondary caries around occlusal amalgam restorations: An in vitro study (2009) Braz Dent J, 20, pp. 307-313Ergücü, Z., Türkün, L.S., Onem, E., Güneri, P., Comparative radiopacity of six flowable resin composites (2010) Oper Dent, 35, pp. 436-440Lasko, T.A., Bhagwat, J.G., Zou, K.H., Ohno-Machado, L., The use of receiver operating characteristic curves in biomedical informatics (2005) J Biomed Inform, 38, pp. 404-415Diniz, M.B., Rodrigues, J.A., Neuhaus, K.W., Cordeiro, R.C., Lussi, A., Influence of examiner's clinical experience on the reproducibility and accuracy of radiographic examination in detecting occlusal caries (2010) Clin Oral Investig, 14, pp. 515-523Zoellner, A., Diemer, B., Weber, H.P., Stassinakis, A., Gaengler, P., Histologic and radiographic assessment of caries-like lesions localized at the crown margin (2002) J Prosthet Dent, 88, pp. 54-59Ferreira, R.I., Haiter-Neto, F., Tabchoury, C.P., de Paiva, G.A., Bóscolo, F.N., Assessment of enamel demineralization using conventional, digital, and digitized radiography (2006) Braz Oral Res, 20, pp. 114-119Peker, I., Toraman Alkurt, M., Altunkaynak, B., Film tomography compared with film and digital bitewing radiography for proximal caries detection (2007) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 36, pp. 495-49

Dynamical complexity in the C.elegans neural network

We model the neuronal circuit of the C.elegans soil worm in terms of a Hindmarsh-Rose system of ordinary differential equa- tions, dividing its circuit into six communities which are determined via the Walktrap and Louvain methods. Using the numerical solution of these equations, we analyze important measures of dynamical com- plexity, namely synchronicity, the largest Lyapunov exponent, and the ?AR auto-regressive integrated information theory measure. We show that ?AR provides a useful measure of the information contained in the C.elegans brain dynamic network. Our analysis reveals that the C.elegans brain dynamic network generates more information than the sum of its constituent parts, and that attains higher levels of integrated information for couplings for which either all its communities are highly synchronized, or there is a mixed state of highly synchronized and de- synchronized communities

Measurement of the Bs0→J/ψKS0B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0 branching fraction

The $B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ branching fraction is measured in a data sample corresponding to 0.41$fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to the penguin contributions affecting the sin2$\beta$ measurement from $B^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ The time-integrated branching fraction is measured to be $BF(B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0)=(1.83\pm0.28)\times10^{-5}$. This is the most precise measurement to date