Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018.

Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field

Development and change : issue papers : Pacific Islands Conference Rarotonga, Cook Islands, August 1985

For more about the East-West Center, see http://www.eastwestcenter.org/Contents: Government policy and the destiny of Pacific Islands / I.Q. Lasaqa -- Planning for Pacific societies of the 21st century / Rodney V. Cole -- Pacific Islands: 21st century and beyond / James A. Dator -- Under pressure: population growth and urbanization in the Pacific / John Connell -- Impact and planning of large resource development projects / Sam Pintz, Jim Rizer -- Pacific Islands' health and nutrition: trends and areas for action / R.R. Thaman -- Health in the Pacific Islands / Richard Taylor -- Youth in the Pacific: an available, untapped resource / Samuela Vanini -- Youth: a time of conflict in the Pacific / Nutan Shalini Maharaj -- Effects of urban drift on Pacific youth / Gilbert Veisamasama -- Pacific youth: victims of changing society / Lucy Savu -- Private sector's role in Pacific Island economies / W. Dennis Rose

La risonanza magnetica nelle complicanze del rene trapiantato

Kidney transplantation is currently the treatment of choice in most patients with end-stage chronic renal failure owing to the excellent results in terms of both graft and patient survival. However, surgical complications are still very frequent. Although urological (stricture, urinary fistulas, vesico-ureteral reflux) and lymphatic complications (lymphocoele) have a high incidence, they only rarely lead to graft loss. By contrast, vascular complications (stenosis, arterial and venous thrombosis, arterio-venous fistulas, pseudoaneurysms) are relatively rare, but potentially serious and may affect graft survival. Finally, medical complications such as acute tubular necrosis (ATN), rejection and de novo neoplasms may also arise in kidney transplantation. The purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate the increasingly significant contribution of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the management of complications of kidney transplantation, and emphasise how this method should now be considered a mandatory step in the diagnostic workup of selected cases. Moreover, the application and role in this setting of new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, such as diffusion-weighted and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI, are also discussed