Cynicism and Trust in Politics and Constitutional Theory

The uneasy juxtaposition of cynicism and trust presents one of the most interesting and profound conundrums in political and constitutional theory. The conundrum is that both cynicism and trust seem vital to the long-term viability of a democracy, despite the fact that they appear to be mutually exclusive concepts. Trust requires a firm belief in the honesty, reliability

The early childhood generalized trust belief scale

The study was designed to develop and evaluate the Early Childhood Generalized Trust Belief Scale (ECGTBS) as a method of assessing 5-to-8-year-olds’ generalized trust. Two hundred and eleven (103 male and 108 female) children (mean age 6 years and 2 months at Time 1) completed the ECGTBS twice over a year. A subsample of participants completed the ECGTBS after two weeks to assess the scale’s test-retest reliability. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the ECGTBS assessed the expected three factors: reliability, emotional trust, and honesty with item-pairs loading most strongly on their corresponding factor. However, the ECGTBS demonstrated low to modest internal consistency and test-retest reliability which indicates a need for further development of this instrument. As evidence for the convergent validity of the ECGTBS, the reliability and emotional trust items were associated with the children’s trust in classmates at Time 2. Concurrent asymmetric quadratic relationships indicated the importance of midrange generalized trust. Specifically, children with very high generalized trust experienced greater loneliness and children with very low generalized trust had fewer friendships than children with midrange trust

The Concept of Calmness and its Reason at Rumi’s Thought

Welfare and calmness are very important for humans to achieve comprehensive development in different fields, and overcome distress and anxiety. Now it should be noticed that what the real meaning of calmness in life is and how we can achieve it. Therefore, this research is going to explain the concept of calmness and its reason through the inspiration of illuminated thought of Rumi that rooted in education and noble tradition. The results show that Rumi knew calmness as an internal thing not external one, as the origin of beauty exists inside world, not outside of it. Therefore, belief, politeness, family, children, honesty, trust, companionship, contentment, honesty, good imagination, sleep, travel, dance, love and kindness are its most important factors

The Dynamics of Rebuilding Trust and Trustworthiness in Marital Relationship Post Infidelity Disclosure

Infidelity has been one of the leading causes of marital divorce for couples in many countries, including Indonesia. For couples surviving infidelity in marriage, some aspects of the marital relationship such as trust and trustworthiness can be affected. Rebuilding trust and trustworthiness after the disclosure of infidelity can be one of the most important factors in recovering the quality of marital relationship. This research adopted qualitative research method with phenomenological approach to explore the dynamics of rebuilding trust and trustworthiness in marital relationship post infidelity disclosure. The study found that the victim of infidelity rebuilt their trust toward the perpetrator in five aspects. Three of these were personal aspects, including risk identification and prevention, predictability, and belief; and two were relational aspects, including intimacy and reciprocity. Whereas the perpetrators of infidelity rebuilt their trustworthiness by showing four aspects: commitment, openness and honesty, benevolence, and religiosity. Those aspects provided implications in recovery of marital relationship post infidelity disclosure

From Marriages to Coalitions: A Soft CSP Approach

In this workwerepresent the Optimal Stable Marriage problem as a Soft Constraint Satisfaction Problem. In addition, we extend this problem from couples of individuals to coalitions of generic agents, in order to define new coalition-formation principles and stability conditions. In the coalition case, we suppose the preference value as a trust score, since trust can describe a nodes belief in another nodes capabilities, honesty and reliability. Soft constraints represent a general and expressive framework that is able to deal with distinct concepts of optimality by only changing the related c-semiring structure, instead of using di erent ad-hoc algorithms. At last, we propose an implementation of the classical OSM problem by using Integer Linear Programming tools

The Concept of Calmness and its Reason at Rumi’s Thought

Welfare and calmness are very important for humans to achieve comprehensive development in different fields, and overcome distress and anxiety. Now it should be noticed that what the real meaning of calmness in life is and how we can achieve it. Therefore, this research is going to explain the concept of calmness and its reason through the inspiration of illuminated thought of Rumi that rooted in education and noble tradition. The results show that Rumi knew calmness as an internal thing not external one, as the origin of beauty exists inside world, not outside of it. Therefore, belief, politeness, family, children, honesty, trust, companionship, contentment, honesty, good imagination, sleep, travel, dance, love and kindness are its most important factors

TRUST IN TRANSITION: CROSS COUNTRY AND FIRM EVIDENCE

This paper uses data from a large survey of firms across 26 transition countries to examine the determinants of trust in the transition process. We first introduce a new measure of trust between firms: the level of prepayment demanded by suppliers from their customers in advance of delivery. Using this new measure, we confirm earlier findings that trust is higher where firms have confidence in third party enforcement through the legal system. However, the fairness and honesty of the courts are a more important determinant of interfirm trust than are the courts’ efficiency or ability to enforce decisions. We then examine the role of business networks in building trust and find that networks based around personal ties – family and friends – and business associations actively promote the development of trust, while business networks based on enterprise insiders and government agencies do not. Finally, we find that country-level effects are significantly more important determinants of interfirm trust than are firm-level effects.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/40026/3/wp640.pd

The Effect of Post-Purchase Perceived-Value Towards the Relationship Quality of Hajj and Umrah Travel Agencies in Indonesia

One out of four people in the world is a Moslem, and Indonesia ranks first on the biggest Moslem population in the world. Hundreds of thousands of people go to Makkah each year to make Hajj (pilgrimage). Hajj and Umrah travel agencies as providers of Hajj and Umrah packages are becoming important in Indonesia, as their number is about two hundred agencies. However, there has been little discussion about Hajj and Umrah, especially on Hajj and Umrah travel agencies. The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationships of post-purchase perceived-value to relationship quality, which consists of satisfaction, commitment, and trust, on Hajj and Umrah travel agencies. This study finds that the post-purchase perceived-value significantly affects satisfaction and trust but does not affect commitment. Moreover, satisfaction significantly affects trust and commitment, while trust does not affect commitment