Reconstruction of coronary arteries from X-ray angiography: A review.

Despite continuous progress in X-ray angiography systems, X-ray coronary angiography is fundamentally limited by its 2D representation of moving coronary arterial trees, which can negatively impact assessment of coronary artery disease and guidance of percutaneous coronary intervention. To provide clinicians with 3D/3D+time information of coronary arteries, methods computing reconstructions of coronary arteries from X-ray angiography are required. Because of several aspects (e.g. cardiac and respiratory motion, type of X-ray system), reconstruction from X-ray coronary angiography has led to vast amount of research and it still remains as a challenging and dynamic research area. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art approaches on reconstruction of high-contrast coronary arteries from X-ray angiography. We mainly focus on the theoretical features in model-based (modelling) and tomographic reconstruction of coronary arteries, and discuss the evaluation strategies. We also discuss the potential role of reconstructions in clinical decision making and interventional guidance, and highlight areas for future research

Cardiovascular imaging 2011 in the International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

Cardiovascular Aspects of Radiolog

Deep Learning in Cardiology

The medical field is creating large amount of data that physicians are unable to decipher and use efficiently. Moreover, rule-based expert systems are inefficient in solving complicated medical tasks or for creating insights using big data. Deep learning has emerged as a more accurate and effective technology in a wide range of medical problems such as diagnosis, prediction and intervention. Deep learning is a representation learning method that consists of layers that transform the data non-linearly, thus, revealing hierarchical relationships and structures. In this review we survey deep learning application papers that use structured data, signal and imaging modalities from cardiology. We discuss the advantages and limitations of applying deep learning in cardiology that also apply in medicine in general, while proposing certain directions as the most viable for clinical use.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures, 10 table

Motion Calculations on Stent Grafts in AAA

Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is a technique which uses stent grafts to treat aortic aneurysms in patients at risk of aneurysm rupture. Although this technique has been shown to be very successful on the short term, the long term results are less optimistic due to failure of the stent graft. The pulsating blood flow applies stresses and forces to the stent graft, which can cause problems such as breakage, leakage, and migration. Therefore it is of importance to gain more insight into the in vivo motion behavior of these devices. If we know more about the motion patterns in well-behaved stent graft as well as ill-behaving devices, we shall be better able to distinguish between these type of behaviors These insights will enable us to detect stent-related problems and might even be used to predict problems beforehand. Further, these insights will help in designing the next generation stent grafts. Firstly, this work discusses the applicability of ECG-gated CT for measuring the motions of stent grafts in AAA. Secondly, multiple methods to segment the stent graft from these data are discussed. Thirdly, this work proposes a method that uses image registration to apply motion to the segmented stent mode

Coronary CT angiography: Diagnostic value and clinical challenges

Coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography has been increasingly used in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease due to improved spatial and temporal resolution with high diagnostic value being reported when compared to invasive coronary angiography. Diagnostic performance of coronary CT angiography has been significantly improved with the technological developments in multislice CT scanners from the early generation of 4-slice CT to the latest 320- slice CT scanners. Despite the promising diagnostic value, coronary CT angiography is still limited in some areas, such as inferior temporal resolution, motion-related artifacts and high false positive results due to severe calcification. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the technical developments of multislice CT and diagnostic value of coronary CT angiography in coronary artery disease based on different generations of multislice CT scanners. Prognostic value of coronary CT angiography in coronary artery disease is also discussed, while limitations and challenges of coronary CT angiography are highlighted

Cardiovascular imaging 2010 in the International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

Cardiovascular Aspects of Radiolog

Editorial comment

As músicas do gênero funk ostentação vêm ganhando destaque na mídia brasileira. Suas letras carregam os nomes de diversas marcas de grifes nacionais e internacionais, e direcionam para o consumo dessas marcas globalizadas com o intuito de vender um estilo de vida e normas de comportamento para nossa sociedade contemporânea. O gênero musical da ostentação, portanto, é o foco do estudo. Analisa-se o discurso pronunciado em duas letras de músicas. Em uma delas – Nós de nave – fica evidenciada a falsa promessa de inclusão social. Incentiva-se o consumo desenfreado de produtos de luxo pelo público-alvo para o qual esse nicho musical é voltado: a juventude. Seu mote é a ideia de que a desigualdade social pode ser amenizada quando adquiridos os produtos de luxo das marcas famosas. Já a outra letra – intitulada Resposta ao funk ostentação –, de autoria de Edu Krieger, ganha destaque justamente por recriminar, a cada verso, a alusão à cultura do consumo por meio da ostentação do luxo e abordar seus impactos na cultura e na identidade juvenil.Palavras-chaves: Funk ostentação. Consumo. Marcas de luxo.  Inclusão social. ABSTRACTThe songs of the genre funk ostentation have been gaining prominence in the Brazilian media. His lyrics carry statements of several brands of national and international brands, which govern to a consumption of globalized brands with the intention of selling a lifestyle or way of being in our contemporary society. The ostentation genre will be the focus of study, in which it will analyze the speeches pronounced in two letters of songs of the genre. One of the lyrics is evidenced a "false promise" of social inclusion, when they encourage an unbridled consumption of luxury products, especially to the target audience where the musical rhythms are directed. The other lyrics are highlighted in this study, titled "Response to funk ostentation" by Edu Krieger, in which he reproaches each verse of his song for an allusion to a culture of consumption through the ostentation of luxury, and the Impacts on youth culture and identity by encouraging the consumption of luxury brands as a form of social status and guaranteeing a false social inclusion. The song lyrics for Mc Boy do Chame gain musical intonation when he recounts in his verses that social inequality can be achieved when he boasts the power of money in the conquest of luxury products / brands and famous brands.Keywords:Ostentation funk. Consumism. Luxury brands. Social inclusion

Sparse reconstruction from a limited projection number of the coronary artery tree in X-ray rotational imaging

International audienceThis paper deals with the 3D reconstruction of sparse data in X-ray rotational imaging. Due to the cardiac motion, the number of available projections for this reconstruction is equal to four, which leads to a strongly undersampled reconstruction problem. We address thus this illness problem through a regularized iterative method. The whole algorithm is divided into two steps. Firstly, a minimal path segmentation step extracts artery tree boundaries. Secondly, a MAP reconstruction comparing L0-norm and L1-norm priors is applied on this extracted coronary tree. The reconstruction optimization process relies on a separable paraboloidal (SPS) algorithm. Some preliminary results are provided on simulated rotational angiograms