A Novel Latin Square Image Cipher

In this paper, we introduce a symmetric-key Latin square image cipher (LSIC) for grayscale and color images. Our contributions to the image encryption community include 1) we develop new Latin square image encryption primitives including Latin Square Whitening, Latin Square S-box and Latin Square P-box ; 2) we provide a new way of integrating probabilistic encryption in image encryption by embedding random noise in the least significant image bit-plane; and 3) we construct LSIC with these Latin square image encryption primitives all on one keyed Latin square in a new loom-like substitution-permutation network. Consequently, the proposed LSIC achieve many desired properties of a secure cipher including a large key space, high key sensitivities, uniformly distributed ciphertext, excellent confusion and diffusion properties, semantically secure, and robustness against channel noise. Theoretical analysis show that the LSIC has good resistance to many attack models including brute-force attacks, ciphertext-only attacks, known-plaintext attacks and chosen-plaintext attacks. Experimental analysis under extensive simulation results using the complete USC-SIPI Miscellaneous image dataset demonstrate that LSIC outperforms or reach state of the art suggested by many peer algorithms. All these analysis and results demonstrate that the LSIC is very suitable for digital image encryption. Finally, we open source the LSIC MATLAB code under webpage https://sites.google.com/site/tuftsyuewu/source-code.Comment: 26 pages, 17 figures, and 7 table

Entropy in Image Analysis III

Image analysis can be applied to rich and assorted scenarios; therefore, the aim of this recent research field is not only to mimic the human vision system. Image analysis is the main methods that computers are using today, and there is body of knowledge that they will be able to manage in a totally unsupervised manner in future, thanks to their artificial intelligence. The articles published in the book clearly show such a future

Entropy in Image Analysis II

Image analysis is a fundamental task for any application where extracting information from images is required. The analysis requires highly sophisticated numerical and analytical methods, particularly for those applications in medicine, security, and other fields where the results of the processing consist of data of vital importance. This fact is evident from all the articles composing the Special Issue "Entropy in Image Analysis II", in which the authors used widely tested methods to verify their results. In the process of reading the present volume, the reader will appreciate the richness of their methods and applications, in particular for medical imaging and image security, and a remarkable cross-fertilization among the proposed research areas

Secure and efficient storage of multimedia: content in public cloud environments using joint compression and encryption

The Cloud Computing is a paradigm still with many unexplored areas ranging from the technological component to the de nition of new business models, but that is revolutionizing the way we design, implement and manage the entire infrastructure of information technology. The Infrastructure as a Service is the delivery of computing infrastructure, typically a virtual data center, along with a set of APIs that allow applications, in an automatic way, can control the resources they wish to use. The choice of the service provider and how it applies to their business model may lead to higher or lower cost in the operation and maintenance of applications near the suppliers. In this sense, this work proposed to carry out a literature review on the topic of Cloud Computing, secure storage and transmission of multimedia content, using lossless compression, in public cloud environments, and implement this system by building an application that manages data in public cloud environments (dropbox and meocloud). An application was built during this dissertation that meets the objectives set. This system provides the user a wide range of functions of data management in public cloud environments, for that the user only have to login to the system with his/her credentials, after performing the login, through the Oauth 1.0 protocol (authorization protocol) is generated an access token, this token is generated only with the consent of the user and allows the application to get access to data/user les without having to use credentials. With this token the framework can now operate and unlock the full potential of its functions. With this application is also available to the user functions of compression and encryption so that user can make the most of his/her cloud storage system securely. The compression function works using the compression algorithm LZMA being only necessary for the user to choose the les to be compressed. Relatively to encryption it will be used the encryption algorithm AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) that works with a 128 bit symmetric key de ned by user. We build the research into two distinct and complementary parts: The rst part consists of the theoretical foundation and the second part is the development of computer application where the data is managed, compressed, stored, transmitted in various environments of cloud computing. The theoretical framework is organized into two chapters, chapter 2 - Background on Cloud Storage and chapter 3 - Data compression. Sought through theoretical foundation demonstrate the relevance of the research, convey some of the pertinent theories and input whenever possible, research in the area. The second part of the work was devoted to the development of the application in cloud environment. We showed how we generated the application, presented the features, advantages, and safety standards for the data. Finally, we re ect on the results, according to the theoretical framework made in the rst part and platform development. We think that the work obtained is positive and that ts the goals we set ourselves to achieve. This research has some limitations, we believe that the time for completion was scarce and the implementation of the platform could bene t from the implementation of other features.In future research it would be appropriate to continue the project expanding the capabilities of the application, test the operation with other users and make comparative tests.A Computação em nuvem é um paradigma ainda com muitas áreas por explorar que vão desde a componente tecnológica à definição de novos modelos de negócio, mas que está a revolucionar a forma como projetamos, implementamos e gerimos toda a infraestrutura da tecnologia da informação. A Infraestrutura como Serviço representa a disponibilização da infraestrutura computacional, tipicamente um datacenter virtual, juntamente com um conjunto de APls que permitirá que aplicações, de forma automática, possam controlar os recursos que pretendem utilizar_ A escolha do fornecedor de serviços e a forma como este aplica o seu modelo de negócio poderão determinar um maior ou menor custo na operacionalização e manutenção das aplicações junto dos fornecedores. Neste sentido, esta dissertação propôs· se efetuar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a temática da Computação em nuvem, a transmissão e o armazenamento seguro de conteúdos multimédia, utilizando a compressão sem perdas, em ambientes em nuvem públicos, e implementar um sistema deste tipo através da construção de uma aplicação que faz a gestão dos dados em ambientes de nuvem pública (dropbox e meocloud). Foi construída uma aplicação no decorrer desta dissertação que vai de encontro aos objectivos definidos. Este sistema fornece ao utilizador uma variada gama de funções de gestão de dados em ambientes de nuvem pública, para isso o utilizador tem apenas que realizar o login no sistema com as suas credenciais, após a realização de login, através do protocolo Oauth 1.0 (protocolo de autorização) é gerado um token de acesso, este token só é gerado com o consentimento do utilizador e permite que a aplicação tenha acesso aos dados / ficheiros do utilizador ~em que seja necessário utilizar as credenciais. Com este token a aplicação pode agora operar e disponibilizar todo o potencial das suas funções. Com esta aplicação é também disponibilizado ao utilizador funções de compressão e encriptação de modo a que possa usufruir ao máximo do seu sistema de armazenamento cloud com segurança. A função de compressão funciona utilizando o algoritmo de compressão LZMA sendo apenas necessário que o utilizador escolha os ficheiros a comprimir. Relativamente à cifragem utilizamos o algoritmo AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) que funciona com uma chave simétrica de 128bits definida pelo utilizador. Alicerçámos a investigação em duas partes distintas e complementares: a primeira parte é composta pela fundamentação teórica e a segunda parte consiste no desenvolvimento da aplicação informática em que os dados são geridos, comprimidos, armazenados, transmitidos em vários ambientes de computação em nuvem. A fundamentação teórica encontra-se organizada em dois capítulos, o capítulo 2 - "Background on Cloud Storage" e o capítulo 3 "Data Compression", Procurámos, através da fundamentação teórica, demonstrar a pertinência da investigação. transmitir algumas das teorias pertinentes e introduzir, sempre que possível, investigações existentes na área. A segunda parte do trabalho foi dedicada ao desenvolvimento da aplicação em ambiente "cloud". Evidenciámos o modo como gerámos a aplicação, apresentámos as funcionalidades, as vantagens. Por fim, refletimos sobre os resultados , de acordo com o enquadramento teórico efetuado na primeira parte e o desenvolvimento da plataforma. Pensamos que o trabalho obtido é positivo e que se enquadra nos objetivos que nos propusemos atingir. Este trabalho de investigação apresenta algumas limitações, consideramos que o tempo para a sua execução foi escasso e a implementação da plataforma poderia beneficiar com a implementação de outras funcionalidades. Em investigações futuras seria pertinente dar continuidade ao projeto ampliando as potencialidades da aplicação, testar o funcionamento com outros utilizadores e efetuar testes comparativos.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Schémas de tatouage d'images, schémas de tatouage conjoint à la compression, et schémas de dissimulation de données

In this manuscript we address data-hiding in images and videos. Specifically we address robust watermarking for images, robust watermarking jointly with compression, and finally non robust data-hiding.The first part of the manuscript deals with high-rate robust watermarking. After having briefly recalled the concept of informed watermarking, we study the two major watermarking families : trellis-based watermarking and quantized-based watermarking. We propose, firstly to reduce the computational complexity of the trellis-based watermarking, with a rotation based embedding, and secondly to introduce a trellis-based quantization in a watermarking system based on quantization.The second part of the manuscript addresses the problem of watermarking jointly with a JPEG2000 compression step or an H.264 compression step. The quantization step and the watermarking step are achieved simultaneously, so that these two steps do not fight against each other. Watermarking in JPEG2000 is achieved by using the trellis quantization from the part 2 of the standard. Watermarking in H.264 is performed on the fly, after the quantization stage, choosing the best prediction through the process of rate-distortion optimization. We also propose to integrate a Tardos code to build an application for traitors tracing.The last part of the manuscript describes the different mechanisms of color hiding in a grayscale image. We propose two approaches based on hiding a color palette in its index image. The first approach relies on the optimization of an energetic function to get a decomposition of the color image allowing an easy embedding. The second approach consists in quickly obtaining a color palette of larger size and then in embedding it in a reversible way.Dans ce manuscrit nous abordons l’insertion de données dans les images et les vidéos. Plus particulièrement nous traitons du tatouage robuste dans les images, du tatouage robuste conjointement à la compression et enfin de l’insertion de données (non robuste).La première partie du manuscrit traite du tatouage robuste à haute capacité. Après avoir brièvement rappelé le concept de tatouage informé, nous étudions les deux principales familles de tatouage : le tatouage basé treillis et le tatouage basé quantification. Nous proposons d’une part de réduire la complexité calculatoire du tatouage basé treillis par une approche d’insertion par rotation, ainsi que d’autre part d’introduire une approche par quantification basée treillis au seind’un système de tatouage basé quantification.La deuxième partie du manuscrit aborde la problématique de tatouage conjointement à la phase de compression par JPEG2000 ou par H.264. L’idée consiste à faire en même temps l’étape de quantification et l’étape de tatouage, de sorte que ces deux étapes ne « luttent pas » l’une contre l’autre. Le tatouage au sein de JPEG2000 est effectué en détournant l’utilisation de la quantification basée treillis de la partie 2 du standard. Le tatouage au sein de H.264 est effectué à la volée, après la phase de quantification, en choisissant la meilleure prédiction via le processus d’optimisation débit-distorsion. Nous proposons également d’intégrer un code de Tardos pour construire une application de traçage de traîtres.La dernière partie du manuscrit décrit les différents mécanismes de dissimulation d’une information couleur au sein d’une image en niveaux de gris. Nous proposons deux approches reposant sur la dissimulation d’une palette couleur dans son image d’index. La première approche consiste à modéliser le problème puis à l’optimiser afin d’avoir une bonne décomposition de l’image couleur ainsi qu’une insertion aisée. La seconde approche consiste à obtenir, de manière rapide et sûre, une palette de plus grande dimension puis à l’insérer de manière réversible

Optical image compression and encryption methods

International audienceOver the years extensive studies have been carried out to apply coherent optics methods in real-time communications and image transmission. This is especially true when a large amount of information needs to be processed, e.g., in high-resolution imaging. The recent progress in data-processing networks and communication systems has considerably increased the capacity of information exchange. However, the transmitted data can be intercepted by nonauthorized people. This explains why considerable effort is being devoted at the current time to data encryption and secure transmission. In addition, only a small part of the overall information is really useful for many applications. Consequently, applications can tolerate information compression that requires important processing when the transmission bit rate is taken into account. To enable efficient and secure information exchange, it is often necessary to reduce the amount of transmitted information. In this context, much work has been undertaken using the principle of coherent optics filtering for selecting relevant information and encrypting it. Compression and encryption operations are often carried out separately, although they are strongly related and can influence each other. Optical processing methodologies, based on filtering, are described that are applicable to transmission and/or data storage. Finally, the advantages and limitations of a set of optical compression and encryption methods are discussed

Data hiding using integer lifting wavelet transform and DNA computing

DNA computing widely used in encryption or hiding the data. Many researchers have proposed many developments of encryption and hiding algorithms based on DNA sequence to provide new algorithms. In this paper data hiding using integer lifting wavelet transform based on DNA computing is presented. The transform is applied on blue channel of the cover image. The DNA encoding used to encode the two most significant bits of LL sub-band. The produced DNA sequence used for two purpose, firstly, it use to construct the key for encryption the secret data and secondly to select the pixels in HL, LH, HH sub-bands for hiding in them. Many measurement parameters used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method such PSNR, MSE, and SSIM. The experimental results show high performance with respect to different embedding rate

Research on digital image watermark encryption based on hyperchaos

The digital watermarking technique embeds meaningful information into one or more watermark images hidden in one image, in which it is known as a secret carrier. It is difficult for a hacker to extract or remove any hidden watermark from an image, and especially to crack so called digital watermark. The combination of digital watermarking technique and traditional image encryption technique is able to greatly improve anti-hacking capability, which suggests it is a good method for keeping the integrity of the original image. The research works contained in this thesis include: (1)A literature review the hyperchaotic watermarking technique is relatively more advantageous, and becomes the main subject in this programme. (2)The theoretical foundation of watermarking technologies, including the human visual system (HVS), the colour space transform, discrete wavelet transform (DWT), the main watermark embedding algorithms, and the mainstream methods for improving watermark robustness and for evaluating watermark embedding performance. (3) The devised hyperchaotic scrambling technique it has been applied to colour image watermark that helps to improve the image encryption and anti-cracking capabilities. The experiments in this research prove the robustness and some other advantages of the invented technique. This thesis focuses on combining the chaotic scrambling and wavelet watermark embedding to achieve a hyperchaotic digital watermark to encrypt digital products, with the human visual system (HVS) and other factors taken into account. This research is of significant importance and has industrial application value