9 research outputs found

    The electron temperatures of SDSS high-metallicity giant extragalactic HII regions

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    Spectra of high-metallicity (12+log(O/H) > 8.2) HII regions where oxygen auroral lines are measurable in both the O+ and O++ zones, have been extracted from the Data Release 6 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our final sample consists of 181 SDSS spectra of HII regions in galaxies in the redshift range from ~0.025 to ~0.17. The t_2,O-t_3,O diagram is examined. In the SDSS HII regions, the electron temperature t_2,O is found to have a large scatter at a given value of the electron temperature t_3,O. The majority of the SDSS HII regions lie below the t_2,O-t_3,O relation derived for HII regions in nearby galaxies, i.e. the positions of the SDSS HII regions show a systematic shift towards lower t_2,O temperatures or/and towards higher t_3,O temperatures. The scatter and shift of the SDSS HII regions in the t_2,O-t_3,O diagram can be understood if they are composite nebulae excited by two or more ionizing sources of different temperatures.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures accepted for publication in the MNRA

    Excitation of emission lines by fluorescence and recombination in IC 418

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    We predict intensities of lines of CII, NI, NII, OI and OII and compare them with a deep spectroscopic survey of IC 418 to test the effect of excitation of nebular emission lines by continuum fluorescence of starlight. Our calculations use a nebular model and a synthetic spectrum of its central star to take into account excitation of the lines by continuum fluorescence and recombination. The NII spectrum is mostly produced by fluorescence due to the low excitation conditions of the nebula, but many CII and OII lines have more excitation by fluorescence than recombination. In the neutral envelope, the NI permitted lines are excited by fluorescence, and almost all the OI lines are excited by recombination. Electron excitation produces the forbidden optical lines of OI, but continuum fluorescence excites most of the NI forbidden line intensities. Lines excited by fluorescence of light below the Lyman limit thus suggest a new diagnostic to explore the photodissociation region of a nebula.Comment: 2 pages, 4 figures, to appear in proceedings of the IAU Symposium 283: "Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future", Eds.: A. Manchado, L. Stanghellini and D. Schoenberne

    "Counterpart" method for abundance determinations in HII regions

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    We suggest a new way of the determining abundances and electron temperatures in HII regions from strong emission lines. Our approach is based on the standard assumption that HII regions with similar intensities of strong emission lines have similar physical properties and abundances. A "counterpart" for a studied HII region may be chosen among HII regions with well-measured abundances (reference HII regions) by comparison of carefully chosen combinations of strong line intensities. Then the abundances in the investigated HII region can be assumed to be the same as that in its counterpart. In other words, we suggest to determine the abundances in HII regions "by precedent". To get more reliable abundances for the considered HII region, a number of reference HII regions is selected and then the abundances in the target HII region is estimated through extra-/interpolation. We will refer to this method of abundance determination as the counterpart method or, for brevity, the C method. We define a sample of reference HII regions and verify the validity of the C method. We find that this method produces reliable abundances. Finally, the C method is used to obtain the radial abundance distributions in the extended discs of the spiral galaxies M83, NGC4625 and NGC 628.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRA

    Niondeklassares syn pÄ bedömning och betygsÀttning i Àmnet Idrott och hÀlsa

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    Examensarbetet Àr en kvantitativ undersökning om vad niondeklassare pÄ tvÄ grundskolor i en vÀstsvensk kommun anser om bedömning och betygsÀttning i Àmnet Idrott och hÀlsa. Valet utav niondeklassare beror pÄ att de har erfarenhet frÄn att tidigare ha blivit bedömda och betygsatt. Syftet med det hÀr examensarbetet Àr att undersöka vad eleverna i niondeklass har för syn pÄ bedömning och betygsÀttning i Àmnet Idrott och hÀlsa. Kunskaperna om betygskriterierna och kursmÄlen i Àmnet Idrott och hÀlsa Àr dÄliga. Niondeklassarna Àr positiva till bedömningen och betygsÀttningen i Àmnet. Fler elever skulle inte delta i Àmnet om man inte blev bedömd. Eleverna i Är nio anser sig rÀttvist bedömda och betygsatt i Àmnet i skolan. Ett armat undersökningsomrÄde kan vara att titta nÀrmare pÄ varför kunskaperna om betygskriterier och kursmÄl Àr sÄ dÄliga

    Linguistic expressions in a digital environment

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    TillvĂ€xten av sociala medier Ă€r vĂ€letablerad, idag kommunicerar vi inte bara ansikte mot ansikte, utan Ă€ven via vĂ„ra sociala medier. MĂ„let med studien Ă€r att öka förstĂ„elsen för hur interaktion i kommentarsfĂ€lt kan skilja sig Ă„t mellan tvÄ plattformar kan kunskapen om plattformsdialekter öka. En medvetenhet kring teorin om plattformsdialekten Ă€r viktigt för företag som vill nĂ„ ut med sin reklam till specifika mĂ„lgrupper pĂ„ specifika plattformar. Denna studie tillĂ€mpar en tematisk analys för att identifiera olika sprĂ„kliga uttryck i kommentarsfĂ€lten för ett visst inlĂ€gg pĂ„ Facebook samt Tiktok. Resultaten indikerar att det finns skillnader i de sprĂ„kliga uttrycken mellan plattformarna. Facebook tenderar att vara en plattform dĂ€r dialekten Ă€r mer formell och argumenterande. Dialekten pĂ„ Tiktok tenderar att vara informell och sprĂ„ket mer koncist, med mer förkortningar. Gemensamt för bĂ„da plattformarna Ă€r att anvĂ€ndare förstĂ€rker budskap i kommentarer. Detta görs pĂ„ Tiktok genom versaler samt lĂ€ngre ord och pĂ„ Facebook genom stora skiljetecken och emojis. Eftersom studien bygger pĂ„ en kvalitativ analys och Ă€r begrĂ€nsad i sin omfattning, kommer resultaten sĂ„vĂ€l somslutsatserna inte vara generaliserande. DĂ€remot kan studien anvĂ€ndas som en referens för hur sprĂ„kliga uttryck pĂ„ Facebook och Tiktok kan se ut, vilket kan anvĂ€ndas för vidare forskning som berör plattformsdialekter.The growth of social media is well established, today we communicate not only face-toface, but also through our social media platforms. The aim with the study is to increase the knowledge of “platform vernacular” by enhancing the understanding of how interaction in comment fields can differ between two platforms. Awareness of the theory of platform vernacular is important for companies aiming to reach out with their advertising to specific target groups on certain platforms. This study applies a thematic analysis to identify different linguistic expressions in the comment fields of a given post on Facebook and Tiktok. The results indicates that there are differences in linguistic expressions between the platforms. Facebook tends to be a platform where the dialect is more formal and argumentative. The dialect on Tiktok tends to be more informal andthe language more concise, with more abbreviations. The two platforms have in common that users amplify messages in their comments. This is done on Tiktok through capitalization and extended words and on Facebook through large punctuation marks and emojis. As the study is based on a qualitative analysis and limited in its scope, the results as well as the conclusions will not be generalized. However, the study can be used to provide a reference for how linguistic expressions on Facebook and Tiktok may appear which can be used for further research concerning platform vernacular

    Linguistic expressions in a digital environment

    No full text
    TillvĂ€xten av sociala medier Ă€r vĂ€letablerad, idag kommunicerar vi inte bara ansikte mot ansikte, utan Ă€ven via vĂ„ra sociala medier. MĂ„let med studien Ă€r att öka förstĂ„elsen för hur interaktion i kommentarsfĂ€lt kan skilja sig Ă„t mellan tvÄ plattformar kan kunskapen om plattformsdialekter öka. En medvetenhet kring teorin om plattformsdialekten Ă€r viktigt för företag som vill nĂ„ ut med sin reklam till specifika mĂ„lgrupper pĂ„ specifika plattformar. Denna studie tillĂ€mpar en tematisk analys för att identifiera olika sprĂ„kliga uttryck i kommentarsfĂ€lten för ett visst inlĂ€gg pĂ„ Facebook samt Tiktok. Resultaten indikerar att det finns skillnader i de sprĂ„kliga uttrycken mellan plattformarna. Facebook tenderar att vara en plattform dĂ€r dialekten Ă€r mer formell och argumenterande. Dialekten pĂ„ Tiktok tenderar att vara informell och sprĂ„ket mer koncist, med mer förkortningar. Gemensamt för bĂ„da plattformarna Ă€r att anvĂ€ndare förstĂ€rker budskap i kommentarer. Detta görs pĂ„ Tiktok genom versaler samt lĂ€ngre ord och pĂ„ Facebook genom stora skiljetecken och emojis. Eftersom studien bygger pĂ„ en kvalitativ analys och Ă€r begrĂ€nsad i sin omfattning, kommer resultaten sĂ„vĂ€l somslutsatserna inte vara generaliserande. DĂ€remot kan studien anvĂ€ndas som en referens för hur sprĂ„kliga uttryck pĂ„ Facebook och Tiktok kan se ut, vilket kan anvĂ€ndas för vidare forskning som berör plattformsdialekter.The growth of social media is well established, today we communicate not only face-toface, but also through our social media platforms. The aim with the study is to increase the knowledge of “platform vernacular” by enhancing the understanding of how interaction in comment fields can differ between two platforms. Awareness of the theory of platform vernacular is important for companies aiming to reach out with their advertising to specific target groups on certain platforms. This study applies a thematic analysis to identify different linguistic expressions in the comment fields of a given post on Facebook and Tiktok. The results indicates that there are differences in linguistic expressions between the platforms. Facebook tends to be a platform where the dialect is more formal and argumentative. The dialect on Tiktok tends to be more informal andthe language more concise, with more abbreviations. The two platforms have in common that users amplify messages in their comments. This is done on Tiktok through capitalization and extended words and on Facebook through large punctuation marks and emojis. As the study is based on a qualitative analysis and limited in its scope, the results as well as the conclusions will not be generalized. However, the study can be used to provide a reference for how linguistic expressions on Facebook and Tiktok may appear which can be used for further research concerning platform vernacular

    Electron-impact excitation of O II fine-structure levels.

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    Oxygen ions in different ionization stages are abundant in a wide variety of astrophysical objects, including planetary nebulae, stellar atmospheres, Seyfert galaxies and the interstellar medium. In particular, emission lines arising from transition
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