Survey accurate multipurpose cadastre in Malaysia

MultiPurpose Cadastre (MPC) has a potential to support spatially enable government, private sectors, and society in general, and to expand computer support in the process of visualization, organization and management of useful land information. The Geographic Information System (GIS) applications of MPC database can be divided into four main sectors namely economic, social, environment and infrastructure. Therefore, MPC will serve as the most important geospatial dataset required for economic, social and infrastructure development for the country and hence will be one of the catalyst for gearing the nation towards high income economy by year 2020. In the endeavour to develop MPC for Malaysia, Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (DSMM) has embarked on a Pilot Project for the Federal Territory of Putrajaya. The main reference base-map is the survey accurate National Digital Cadastral Database (NDCDB). NDCDB contains all information obtained from cadastral survey jobs related to boundaries of land parcels. The existing NDCDB, which covers the entire country, has been referenced to the new Geocentric Datum for Malaysia 2000 (GDM2000).It has been adjusted with respect to cadastral control infrastructure developed using Global Positioning System (GPS) MyRTKnetto provide a homogenous and seamless cadastral network for the entire Peninsular Malaysia and the Federal Territory of Labuan. The targeted spatial accuracy of NDCDB is better than 5 cm in the urban area and 10 cm in the rural area. On the other hand, the main source of large-scale geographical features for urban areas will be based on the Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanning (MLTS) surveythat is also referenced to GDM2000 and Mean Sea Level (MSL) height datum.However for rural areas,existing database from State Geospatial Data Centre (SGDC) at the scale 1:10,000 to 1:25,000 will be used. The survey accurate MPC database will include the following fundamental layers: i) NDCDB; ii)two-dimensional large scale geographical features; iii) three-dimensional city model; iv) utility data; andv) street addresses. MPC for Putrajayawill be developed based on On-Line Web Access or OWA and will be accessible to the government, private and public users. The pilot project towards the development of Survey Accurate MPC for Putrajaya will provide informative insight on thefuture directionin implementingnationwide MPC and new cadastral management in Malaysia

Marine cadastre legal framework for Malaysia

Malaysia has emerged as one of the most important country in the world maritime, and all activities in the maritime sector in the country leading national income accounting. This situation requires Malaysia to better manage the elements of the marine space for marine activities in line with the concept of sustainable development. Malaysia has a long coastline of about 4,384 km which is about 1,823 miles in the peninsula and the rest of 2561 km in Sabah and Sarawak. This paper underlines the conceptual model of marine cadastre in Malaysia and the important requirement in marine cadastre legal framework as the pillar to implement the marine cadastre in Malaysia. This aspect should be given attention by the stakeholders in the effort to make a reality the marine cadastre or similar that in Malaysia perspective is marine spatial alienation. The methodology used through the discussion and meeting activities with marine stakeholders and also produce the resolution from colloquium was made. It is also introduce the new suggestion to amend the existing law were used to parallel in marine element perspective and characteristic. The review on marine legal about the governance of Malaysia territorial water was done and result show that the issues on marine space detail is not touch in legal for administer the marine area. The legal framework is needed to ensure that implementation is running without the argument from other parties. And follow up from this, the new amendment to existing legal can be polished and modified towards the realize of marine cadastre practices in future

Towards Malaysian LADM Country Profile for 2D and 3D Cadastral Registration System Towards Malaysian LADM Country Profile for 2D and 3D Cadastral Registration System

SUMMARY This paper proposes a comprehensive Land Administration Domain Model (LADM, ISO 2012) country profile for 2D and 3D cadastral registration system for Malaysia. The proposed Malaysian country profile is partly based on the existing spatial (including survey) and administrative registration systems, and partly based on new developments inspired by the LADM standard. Within the country profile, an attempt is made to cover all Malaysian land administration related information, which are maintained by different organisations. The different types of spatial units include customary areas, reserved lands (forest, wildlife), lots (both of private and public land; e.g. roads), buildings and building parts (strata, all in 3D), strata land parcel (with house no more than 4 storeys) and utilities (legal spaces). The lots can have 2D or 3D representations, this include lots for qualified title and temporary occupation licence (TOL), where there is not yet a certified plan available. What makes the development of the Malaysian country profile unique is the support for a wide range of spatial units. Each of them having different requirements: some need sketches and text descriptions, others need 2D geometry and topology, while yet others need 3D geometry. The country profile includes the content of the various code lists, which are an important aspect of standardization. It is the first time ever that objects related to strata titles are modelled within LADM: building and land parcel (both within a single lot), which can be refined with parcel unit, accessory unit, and (limited) common property unit including support for provisional and multilayer/underground aspects. This is not only important for Malaysia, but also useful for many other countries, that also have the strata title system. Several novel aspects for the Malaysian land administration are introduced, such as: 3D representations (for building units and option for lots), full version management and inclusion of historic information, explicit linking of all land administration information and source documents (titles, certified plans), possibility to group multiple spatial units in one basic administrative unit with same rights attached, and legal spaces around utilities (in 3D). The country profile helps to establish the national SDI enabling meaningful exchange of information between different (type of) organizations in different parts (states) of the country. As LADM is an international standard it will also support international exchange of information, as part of Global SDI (GSDI)

Sustainable marine space managements - Malaysia perspective

The management of good governance of marine space administration has been debated since at least the 2000s. An extensive literature and research report it is hardly surprising then that this marine space is under serious threat from a myriad of overlapping and conflicting interests. The evidence of change is compelling and manifest. It is therefore imperative to manage, administer and govern the coastal zone in a considered, sustainable and structured manner as well as to protect and nurture the environment we live in. Failure to do so may have disastrous consequences for future generations (FIG, 2006). This includes polishing the management system, particularly the governance of marine space administrative to support marine rights. Sutherland and Nichols (2006) said that the oceans provide an opportunity to not make the same mistakes we have made in land resource management and land information systems. Marine space administration and management can help to improve our governance and information systems on coastal and marine areas. This unresolved problem has led to the lack of a concerted effort in the existing management in the marine space and the quality of sustainable marine space administration is indirectly being affected. From the perspective of management, Malaysia has many institutions that manage and administering the marine environment. However, the developing of institutional framework is still uncertain with ambiguities, conflicts and overlapping on administration and management models due to the bill of act. This paper explores the contributing elements of the Malaysia marine space administration issues towards sustainable marine space administration

Perspectives on ENCODE

The Encylopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) Project launched in 2003 with the long-term goal of developing a comprehensive map of functional elements in the human genome. These included genes, biochemical regions associated with gene regulation (for example, transcription factor binding sites, open chromatin, and histone marks) and transcript isoforms. The marks serve as sites for candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) that may serve functional roles in regulating gene expression1. The project has been extended to model organisms, particularly the mouse. In the third phase of ENCODE, nearly a million and more than 300,000 cCRE annotations have been generated for human and mouse, respectively, and these have provided a valuable resource for the scientific community.11Nsciescopu

Expanded encyclopaedias of DNA elements in the human and mouse genomes

AbstractThe human and mouse genomes contain instructions that specify RNAs and proteins and govern the timing, magnitude, and cellular context of their production. To better delineate these elements, phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) Project has expanded analysis of the cell and tissue repertoires of RNA transcription, chromatin structure and modification, DNA methylation, chromatin looping, and occupancy by transcription factors and RNA-binding proteins. Here we summarize these efforts, which have produced 5,992 new experimental datasets, including systematic determinations across mouse fetal development. All data are available through the ENCODE data portal (https://www.encodeproject.org), including phase II ENCODE1 and Roadmap Epigenomics2 data. We have developed a registry of 926,535 human and 339,815 mouse candidate cis-regulatory elements, covering 7.9 and 3.4% of their respective genomes, by integrating selected datatypes associated with gene regulation, and constructed a web-based server (SCREEN; http://screen.encodeproject.org) to provide flexible, user-defined access to this resource. Collectively, the ENCODE data and registry provide an expansive resource for the scientific community to build a better understanding of the organization and function of the human and mouse genomes.11Nsciescopu

Silver-Based Radical Reactions: Development and Insights

Silver-mediated reactions have recently emerged as a frontier area in organic chemistry. Indeed, the remarkable property of silver as a single- electron oxidant has led to its exploitment into the field of radical chemistry. The excellent reactivity and high selectivity exhibited by silver salts in the ac- tivation of different organic substrates place them among the most prominent reagents in free radical reactions. The present review aims to provide the readers with a critical overview of silver-based radi- cal reactions, especially emphasizing the reactivity, selectivity and a detailed description of the reaction mechanism with particular attention to the role of Ag(I)-based catalysts/reactants. The selected exam- ples have been classified according to the type of radicals generated, namely carbon-centered radicals and heteroatom (such as nitrogen, oxygen, phospho- rus, sulfur)-centered radicals. The generation of such radicals as well as their application in synthetic pro- cesses including oxidation, addition, coupling, and radical cascades have been described in detail