Pertumbuhan Eksplan Buah Naga (Hylocereus Undatus) Pada Posisi Tanam Dan Komposisi Media Berbeda Secara in Vitro

The aims of this experiment were to obtain the most suitable explant planting position and medium composition for the growth of dragon fruit via in vitro culture. This experiment used Split Plot Design with the main plot was explant planting position, namely vertical and horizontal positions. The sub plot was media composition, namely 2 ppm BAP + 0.40 ppm NAA; 3 ppm BAP + 0.20 ppm NAA; 2 ppm BAP + 0.40 ppm NAA + 0.88 ppm vitamin C; and 3 ppm BAP + 0.20 ppm NAA + 0.88 ppm vitamin C. Data were analysed by using Analysis of Variance and differences between treatmens were determined by Honestly Significant Difference. Results of this experiment indicated that media composition had a highly significant difference on the growth of dragon fruit explants on each planting position tested. Medium composition supplemented with 3 ppm BAP + 0.20 ppm NAA planted horizontally showed a good growth with average shoot formation 8.67 shoots and shoot length 1.76 cm per explant. Intensive root formation was observed at vertical planting position with average 7.50 roots per explant

Efektivitas Metode Konseling terhadap Perilaku Merokok pada Siswa SMA di Kecamatan Laeya Tahun 2015

Merokok merupakan suatu masalah di dalam masyarakat yang dapat menimbulkan banyak kerugian baikdari segi sosial ekonomi maupun kesehatan bahkan kematian. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, diperlukanstrategi pendidikan kesehatan yang tepat, salah satunya dengan pendidikan kesehatan melalui metodekonseling. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat efektivitas metode konseling terhadap perilakumerokok siswa SMA di Kecamatan Laeya Tahun 2015. Metode yang di gunakan yaitu Pra-Eksperimen denganmenggunakan rancangan one group pre test and post test design. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 15 orang siswayang memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Denganmenggunakan uji statistik Mc.Nemar diperoleh hasil bahwa metode konseling efektif untuk meningkatkanpengetahun (ρ value 0,001), sikap (ρ value 0,002) dan Tindakan (ρ value 0,001) responden tentang bahaya rokok,namun tidak efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi (ρ value 1,000) berhenti merokok responden dikarenakanmotivasi semua responden untuk berhenti merokok sudah dalam kategori baik sebelum dilakukan intervensikonseling bahaya rokok. Adapun rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebaiknya SMA Negeri 17 KonaweSelatan memiliki guru konseling agar kegiatan konseling dapat rutin dilakukan untuk membantu mengatasiberbagai masalah yang dihadapi siswa baik dalam hal kebiasaan merokok siswa maupun masalah-masalah lainyang mungkin dihadapi oleh para sisw

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Lansia dalam Memanfaatkan Posyandu Lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Landono Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Tahun 2015

Posyandu lansia merupakan salah satu jenis pelayanan kesehatan yang dikhusukan untuk lansia,pemanfaatan pelayanan posyandu lansia di wiliyah kerja puskesmas landono masih tergolong kurang.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku lansia dalammemanfaatkan Posyandu Lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Landono Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Tahun2015. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan rancangan Cross sectional study.Populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 122 lansia, Sampel pada penelitian ini yang terdaftar di bukuregister dan berkunjung di posyandu lansia di wilayah kerja puskesmas landono sebanyak 55 responden.Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakanuji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan(p=1.000), nilai tradisi (p=0,059), fasilitas kesehatan (p=0,072) dengan pemanfaatan posyandu lansia.Serta ada hubungan yang signifikan antara petugas kesehatan (p=0,045) dan dukungan tokohmasyarakat (p=0,018) dengan pemanfaatan posyandu lansia. Disarankan kepada petugas kesehatanatau puskesmas untuk terus meningkatkan sosialisasi dan motivasi untuk para lansia agar lebih aktifberkunjung ke posyandu lansia untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatannya

Metric to quantify white matter damage on brain magnetic resonance images

PURPOSE: Quantitative assessment of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is challenging. It is important to harmonise results from different software tools considering not only the volume but also the signal intensity. Here we propose and evaluate a metric of white matter (WM) damage that addresses this need. METHODS: We obtained WMH and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) volumes from brain structural MRI from community dwelling older individuals and stroke patients enrolled in three different studies, using two automatic methods followed by manual editing by two to four observers blind to each other. We calculated the average intensity values on brain structural fluid-attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI for the NAWM and WMH. The white matter damage metric is calculated as the proportion of WMH in brain tissue weighted by the relative image contrast of the WMH-to-NAWM. The new metric was evaluated using tissue microstructure parameters and visual ratings of small vessel disease burden and WMH: Fazekas score for WMH burden and Prins scale for WMH change. RESULTS: The correlation between the WM damage metric and the visual rating scores (Spearman ρ > =0.74, p  =0.72, p < 0.0001). The repeatability of the WM damage metric was better than WM volume (average median difference between measurements 3.26% (IQR 2.76%) and 5.88% (IQR 5.32%) respectively). The follow-up WM damage was highly related to total Prins score even when adjusted for baseline WM damage (ANCOVA, p < 0.0001), which was not always the case for WMH volume, as total Prins was highly associated with the change in the intense WMH volume (p = 0.0079, increase of 4.42 ml per unit change in total Prins, 95%CI [1.17 7.67]), but not with the change in less-intense, subtle WMH, which determined the volumetric change. CONCLUSION: The new metric is practical and simple to calculate. It is robust to variations in image processing methods and scanning protocols, and sensitive to subtle and severe white matter damage

Arterial Obstruction on Computed Tomographic or Magnetic Resonance Angiography and Response to Intravenous Thrombolytics in Ischemic Stroke

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography are used increasingly to assess arterial patency in patients with ischemic stroke. We determined which baseline angiography features predict response to intravenous thrombolytics in ischemic stroke using randomized controlled trial data. METHODS: We analyzed angiograms from the IST-3 (Third International Stroke Trial), an international, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial of intravenous alteplase. Readers, masked to clinical, treatment, and outcome data, assessed prerandomization computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography for presence, extent, location, and completeness of obstruction and collaterals. We compared angiography findings to 6-month functional outcome (Oxford Handicap Scale) and tested for interactions with alteplase, using ordinal regression in adjusted analyses. We also meta-analyzed all available angiography data from other randomized controlled trials of intravenous thrombolytics. RESULTS: In IST-3, 300 patients had prerandomization angiography (computed tomographic angiography=271 and magnetic resonance angiography=29). On multivariable analysis, more extensive angiographic obstruction and poor collaterals independently predicted poor outcome (P1 indicates benefit) in patients with (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-3.64; P=0.011) versus without (odds ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-1.35; P=0.566) arterial obstruction (P for interaction 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous thrombolytics provide benefit to stroke patients with computed tomographic angiography or magnetic resonance angiography evidence of arterial obstruction, but the sample was underpowered to demonstrate significant treatment benefit or harm among patients with apparently patent arteries. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.isrctn.com. Unique identifier: ISRCTN25765518

Dynamic and volumetric variables reliably predict fluid responsiveness in a porcine model with pleural effusion

Background: The ability of stroke volume variation (SVV), pulse pressure variation (PPV) and global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) for prediction of fluid responsiveness in presence of pleural effusion is unknown. The aim of the present study was to challenge the ability of SVV, PPV and GEDV to predict fluid responsiveness in a porcine model with pleural effusions. Methods: Pigs were studied at baseline and after fluid loading with 8 ml kg−1 6% hydroxyethyl starch. After withdrawal of 8 ml kg−1 blood and induction of pleural effusion up to 50 ml kg−1 on either side, measurements at baseline and after fluid loading were repeated. Cardiac output, stroke volume, central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary occlusion pressure (PAOP) were obtained by pulmonary thermodilution, whereas GEDV was determined by transpulmonary thermodilution. SVV and PPV were monitored continuously by pulse contour analysis. Results: Pleural effusion was associated with significant changes in lung compliance, peak airway pressure and stroke volume in both responders and non-responders. At baseline, SVV, PPV and GEDV reliably predicted fluid responsiveness (area under the curve 0.85 (p<0.001), 0.88 (p<0.001), 0.77 (p = 0.007). After induction of pleural effusion the ability of SVV, PPV and GEDV to predict fluid responsiveness was well preserved and also PAOP was predictive. Threshold values for SVV and PPV increased in presence of pleural effusion. Conclusions: In this porcine model, bilateral pleural effusion did not affect the ability of SVV, PPV and GEDV to predict fluid responsiveness

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Consensus on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring. Task force of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: Circulatory shock is a life-threatening syndrome resulting in multiorgan failure and a high mortality rate. The aim of this consensus is to provide support to the bedside clinician regarding the diagnosis, management and monitoring of shock. METHODS: The European Society of Intensive Care Medicine invited 12 experts to form a Task Force to update a previous consensus (Antonelli et al.: Intensive Care Med 33:575-590, 2007). The same five questions addressed in the earlier consensus were used as the outline for the literature search and review, with the aim of the Task Force to produce statements based on the available literature and evidence. These questions were: (1) What are the epidemiologic and pathophysiologic features of shock in the intensive care unit ? (2) Should we monitor preload and fluid responsiveness in shock ? (3) How and when should we monitor stroke volume or cardiac output in shock ? (4) What markers of the regional and microcirculation can be monitored, and how can cellular function be assessed in shock ? (5) What is the evidence for using hemodynamic monitoring to direct therapy in shock ? Four types of statements were used: definition, recommendation, best practice and statement of fact. RESULTS: Forty-four statements were made. The main new statements include: (1) statements on individualizing blood pressure targets; (2) statements on the assessment and prediction of fluid responsiveness; (3) statements on the use of echocardiography and hemodynamic monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: This consensus provides 44 statements that can be used at the bedside to diagnose, treat and monitor patients with shock

Quinine doped hybrid sol-gel coatings for wave guiding and optical applications

Pure and quinine doped silica coatings have been prepared over sodalime glasses. The coatings were consolidated at low temperature (range 60-180 A degrees C) preserving optical activity of quinine molecule. We designed a device to test the guiding properties of the coatings. We confirmed with this device that light injected in pure silica coatings is guided over distances of meters while quinine presence induces isotropic photoluminescence. With the combined use of both type of coatings, it is possible to design light guiding devices and illuminate regions in glass elements without electronic circuits