519 research outputs found
Multiphoton Exchange Processes in Ultraperipheral Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
The very strong electromagnetic fields present in ultraperipheral
relativistic heavy ion collisions lead to important higher order effects of the
electromagnetic interaction. These multiphoton exchange processes are studied
using perturbation theory and the sudden or Glauber approximation. In many
important cases, the multi-photon amplitudes factorize into independent
single-photon amplitudes. These amplitudes have a common impact parameter
vector, which induces correlations between the amplitudes. Impact-parameter
dependent equivalent-photon spectra for simultaneous excitation are calculated,
as well as, impact-parameter dependent gammagamma-luminosities. Excitations,
like the multiphonon giant dipole resonances, vector meson production and
multiple e+e- pair production can be treated analytically in a bosonic model,
analogous to the emission of soft photons in QED.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys.
Energy Flow in the Hadronic Final State of Diffractive and Non-Diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA
An investigation of the hadronic final state in diffractive and
non--diffractive deep--inelastic electron--proton scattering at HERA is
presented, where diffractive data are selected experimentally by demanding a
large gap in pseudo --rapidity around the proton remnant direction. The
transverse energy flow in the hadronic final state is evaluated using a set of
estimators which quantify topological properties. Using available Monte Carlo
QCD calculations, it is demonstrated that the final state in diffractive DIS
exhibits the features expected if the interaction is interpreted as the
scattering of an electron off a current quark with associated effects of
perturbative QCD. A model in which deep--inelastic diffraction is taken to be
the exchange of a pomeron with partonic structure is found to reproduce the
measurements well. Models for deep--inelastic scattering, in which a
sizeable diffractive contribution is present because of non--perturbative
effects in the production of the hadronic final state, reproduce the general
tendencies of the data but in all give a worse description.Comment: 22 pages, latex, 6 Figures appended as uuencoded fil
A Search for Selectrons and Squarks at HERA
Data from electron-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV
are used for a search for selectrons and squarks within the framework of the
minimal supersymmetric model. The decays of selectrons and squarks into the
lightest supersymmetric particle lead to final states with an electron and
hadrons accompanied by large missing energy and transverse momentum. No signal
is found and new bounds on the existence of these particles are derived. At 95%
confidence level the excluded region extends to 65 GeV for selectron and squark
masses, and to 40 GeV for the mass of the lightest supersymmetric particle.Comment: 13 pages, latex, 6 Figure
A Tapestry Of Educational Technology Women Leaders In Higher Education: A Qualitative Study
A qualitative study was used to understand the experiences of 12 women, leaders in Education Technology in higher education. Through interviews, women leaders described their environment as well as personal and behavioral aspects of their work. Findings revealed four threads of descriptive concepts including relationships, leadership, persistence, and advice. Relationships were from workplaces and professional networks. Leadership was defined by vision and teamwork. Persistence was addressed as either values-based or relationship-based. The fourth thread in the findings, advice, was divided into three sub-threads: education, family (both personal and work), and managing emotions. A qualitative approach was used to highlight interview responses to demonstrate the experiences of women leaders in Education Technology in Higher Education
Measurement of the Total Cross Section for Hadronic Production by e+e- Annihilation at Energies between 2.6-5 Gev
Using the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer (BESII), we have measured the total
cross section for annihilation into hadronic final states at
center-of-mass energies of 2.6, 3.2, 3.4, 3.55, 4.6 and 5.0 GeV. Values of ,
, are determined.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Measurements of the Cross Section for e+e- -> hadrons at Center-of-Mass Energies from 2 to 5 GeV
We report values of for 85 center-of-mass energies between
2 and 5 GeV measured with the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer at the Beijing
Electron-Positron Collider.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
A Selective, Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Method for the Oxidative Cleavage of Glycols
A catalytic methodology for the oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols is described as an advantageous alternative in terms of the environmental impact on classical methods involving toxic oxidants. The novel strategy is based on the use of dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes as catalysts and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as an oxidant and displays high selectivity and a broad scope for glycol cleavage. In addition, the developed system is also useful for the oxidation of acyloins to diketones.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
(MINECO) and FEDER (CTQ2013-48937-C2-1-P) and Junta
de Castilla y León (BU237U13
Tandem application of C-C bond-forming reactions with reductive ozonolysis
Several variants of reductive ozonolysis, defined here as the in situ generation of aldehydes or ketones during ozonolytic cleavage of alkenes, are demonstrated to work effectively in tandem with a number of C-C bond-forming reactions. For reactions involving basic nucleophiles (1,2- addition of Grignard reagents, Wittig or Horner-Emmons olefinations, and directed Aldol reactions of lithium enolates) the one-pot process offers a rapid and high-yielding alternative to traditional two-step protocols
Reevaluation of the Hadronic Contributions to the Muon g-2 and to alpha(MZ)
We reevaluate the hadronic contributions to the muon magnetic anomaly, and to
the running of the electromagnetic coupling constant at the Z-boson mass. We
include new pi+pi- cross-section data from KLOE, all available multi-hadron
data from BABAR, a reestimation of missing low-energy contributions using
results on cross sections and process dynamics from BABAR, a reevaluation of
all experimental contributions using the software package HVPTools, together
with a reanalysis of inter-experiment and inter-channel correlations, and a
reevaluation of the continuum contributions from perturbative QCD at four
loops. These improvements lead to a decrease in the hadronic contributions with
respect to earlier evaluations. For the muon g-2 we find lowest-order hadronic
contributions of (692.3 +- 4.2) 10^-10 and (701.5 +- 4.7) 10^-10 for the e+e-
based and tau-based analyses, respectively, and full Standard Model predictions
that differ by 3.6 sigma and 2.4 sigma from the experimental value. For the
e+e- based five-quark hadronic contribution to alpha(MZ) we find
Delta_alpha_had[5](MZ)=(275.7 +- 1.0) 10^-4. The reduced electromagnetic
coupling strength at MZ leads to an increase by 7 GeV in the most probable
Higgs boson mass obtained by the standard Gfitter fit to electroweak precision
data.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, v2 corrected missing KKpi contribution in Delta
alpha_had(MZ) evaluatio
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