Nuestros juegos y deportes : unidad didáctica de educación física para Primaria

Accésit de la 1ª edición de Premios a la elaboración de materiales de estudio sobre la Región de Murcia, modalidad Educación Primari

Chemical evolution of the colour systems generated by riccionidin A, 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and anthocyanins

UIDB/50006/2020 MEX/Ref. 288188The kinetics and thermodynamics (in acidic solutions) of the five chemical species reversibly interconnected by external stimuli (a multistate), such as pH and light, generated by the liverworts colorant riccionidin A were investigated. The degradation products of the multistate formed after 10 days at neutral pH were identified. The behaviour of riccionidin A multistate was compared with previous results reported for the equivalent systems based on 3-deoxyanthocyanidins (found in mosses and ferns) and anthocyanins (ubiquitous in angiosperms). The five chemical species have mutatis mutandis similar structures in the three multistates. The most dramatic difference is the extremely slow interconversion rate between flavylium cation and trans-chalcone in riccionidin A and related compounds multistates (tens of days) when compared with deoxyanthocyanins (a few days) and anthocyanins (several hours), at room temperature. The mole fraction distribution of the five species that constitute the multistate as a function of pH is also different in the three families of compounds. Some considerations regarding the chemical evolution of the three systems are given.authorsversionpublishe

Educar en empatía a niños de 0 a 6 años

La etapa de Educación infantil se constituye como un período clave ya que en ella se sientan las bases de todo el aprendizaje posterior del individuo. El fin principal de esta etapa educativa es favorecer no sólo el desarrollo físico e intelectual del niño sino también su desarrollo afectivo y social. Teniendo en cuenta este fin, el presente trabajo refleja la importancia de educar la capacidad empática de los niños de 0 a 6 años. Para ello, se aborda un estudio sobre las perspectivas teóricas expuestas por diferentes autores sobre el concepto de “empatía”. Una vez aclarado, se describe el desarrollo evolutivo de esta capacidad desde prácticamente el nacimiento del niño hasta los 6 años de edad. Dado que a estas edades la familia y la escuela se erigen como los contextos básicos de aprendizaje por parte del niño, se recalca la importancia de que padres y maestros eduquen en empatía a los más pequeños. Palabras clave: empatía, niño, emociones, sentir, Educación infantil, comprender, capacidad empática, sentimientos, aula, infancia

Evolution of Flavylium-Based Color Systems in Plants: What Physical Chemistry Can Tell Us

Anthocyanins are the basis of the color of angiosperms, 3-deoxyanthocyanins and sphagnorubin play the same role in mosses and ferns, and auronidins are responsible for the color in liverworts. In this study, the color system of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (kuromanin) as a representative compound of simpler anthocyanins was fully characterized by stopped flow. This type of anthocyanin cannot confer significant color to plants without intra- or intermolecular interactions, complexation with metals or supramolecular structures as in Commelina communis. The anthocyanin's color system was compared with those of 3-deoxyanthocyanins and riccionidin A, the aglycone of auronidins. The three systems follow the same sequence of chemical reactions, but the respective thermodynamics and kinetics are dramatically different.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Thermal and photochemical reactions of n-pyridinebenzopyrylium multistate of species (n = 2′,3′,4′). Exploring the synthetic potentialities from the unique reactivity of position 2′

Funding Information: This work was supported by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry – LAQV (projects UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/ 50006/2020), the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences – UCIBIO (projects UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/ 04378/2020) and the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy – i4HB (project LA/P/0140/2020) which are financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES. FCT/MCTES is also acknowledged for supporting the National Portuguese NMR Network (ROTEIRO/0031/2013–PINFRA/22161/2016, cofinanced by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI, PORL, and FCT through PIDDAC). A. C. acknowledges financing from Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, grant no. 219201, and from the Angolan Embassy in Lisbon, Portugal, INAGBE grant. Dr. Ramesh Pandian is acknowledged for the initial acquisition and processing of single crystal X-ray data. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)The kinetics and thermodynamics of the pH-dependent multistate of species generated by the trans-chalcone of n-pyridinebenzopyrylium (n = 2′, 3′) were studied by UV–vis spectroscopy, 1H NMR and HPLC-MS, and the results compared with those reported for n = 4′. Due to the slow kinetics of the multistate species interconversion, the conjugation of these techniques has shown to be a powerful tool to investigate the behaviour of these systems. The species involved in the multistate are mutatis mutandis the same observed in anthocyanins and related compounds except for the flavylium cation, which was not observed in these systems even in very acidic medium. The rates of the interconversion of the multistate species upon pH stimuli are much slower than in anthocyanins. The compound bearing the pyridine nitrogen in position 2′ gives two novel products absorbing in the visible. Formation of the new products is particularly efficient from the thermal evolution of the photochemical products obtained upon light irradiation of the protonated trans-chalcone in a mixture of methanol:acidic water (1:1). This confirms the unique capacity of the substituents in position 2′ in giving intramolecular reactions involving the benzopyrylium core. Crystal structures for the three pyridine chalcone compounds (n = 2′, 3′, 4′) were obtained and the respective structures discussed.publishersversionpublishe

Relationship between the Y Balance Test scores and Soft Tissue Injury Incidence in a Soccer Team

Background: Although the dynamic balance has been proposed as a risk factor for sports-related injuries, few researchers have used the Y balance test to examine this relationship. The purpose of this study was to determine if the Y Balance Test (YBT) is a valid test for determining subjects susceptible to soft tissue injury among soccer players on a professional team. Study Design: Prospective cohort Methods and Measures: Prior to the 2011 football (soccer) season, the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral YBT reach distances and limb lengths of 74 soccer players were measured. Athletes’ physiotherapists documented how many days the players were unable to play due to the injuries. After normalizing for lower limb length, each of the reach distances, right/left reach distance difference and composite reach distance were examined using odds ratios and logistic regression analysis. Results: Logistic regression models indicated that players with a difference of equal or greater than 4cm between lower limbs in posteromedial direction were 3.86 more likely to sustain a lower extremity injury (p=0.001). Results indicate that players who had lower scores than the mean in each reach direction, independently, were almost two times more likely to sustain an injury. Conclusions: The results suggest that YBT can be incorporated into physical examinations to identify soccer players who are susceptible to risk of injury

A model compound for pyridinechalcone-based multistate systems. Ring opening-closure as the slowest kinetic step of the multistate

UID/QUI/50006/2019. PTDC/QEQ-QFI/1971/2014. PTDC/QUI-COL/32351/2017. PTDC/QUI-QFI/30951/2017. grant no. 219201.Anthocyanins and related flavylium derivatives exist in aqueous solution as a pH-dependent mole fraction distribution of species (a multistate system) with known biological activity. Introduction of nitrogen heterocycles in the flavylium core can lead to multistates with different constitution and increased activity. Compound 1, a diethylamino derivative of 4-pyridinechalcone, was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, showing a pH-dependent reaction network similar to anthocyanins and related compounds. The several species present at the equilibrium multistate were fully characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the multistate were studied through pH jumps followed by 1H NMR and UV-vis absorption including stopped-flow for the faster kinetic steps. In the parent 4-pyridinechalcone compound, protonation of the pyridine nitrogen for pH 4 prevents formation of the flavylium cation. In compound 1, the first protonation takes place in the diethylamino substituent and in acidic medium, two new flavylium derivatives, a single (2 pH 4) and a double (pH 1) positively charged species, in equilibrium with protonated hemiketal, cis and trans chalcones, have been characterized. Differently from anthocyanins and related compounds, experimental evidence for an unexpected very slow (0.0003 s-1) ring opening-closure between the hemiketal and the cis-chalcone (tautomerization) was achieved.publishe

Comparative Aphid Transmission of a Common Citrus Tristeza Virus Isolate and a Seedling Yellows Isolate Recently Introduced into Spain

Comparative tests of transmission efficiency have been performed using various aphid species and T-300, an isolate of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) widely distributed in Spain, and T-387 a seedling yellows tristeza isolate (CTV-SY) recently introduced into this country. The aphid species tested were those most abundant on citrus in Spain; Aphis citricola, Toxoptera aurantii, Myzus persicae, and Aphis gossypii. A minimum of 200 aphids were used for each test plant. Sweet orange was used as a donor and Mexican lime as a receptor. Aphis gossypi transmitted T-387 with lower efficiency (60%) than T-300 CTV (90%). A. citricola transmitted the two isolates with a very low efficiency. No transmission was observed with T. aurantii or M. persicae

Ensayo biogeográfico de la Pteridoflora valenciana

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis comparativo de las pteridofloras de los diiferentes sectores fitogeográficos (sensu Costa, 1986) que integran la Comunidad Valenciana.The present paper deals with the biogeography and of pteridophytes in the Comunidad Valenciana (Levante, Spain), following the present chorological division of this area