O Adolescente Autor de Ato Infracional: Rede Social e Relacionamento Interpessoal

A violência tem sido objeto de diversos estudos atualmente. Não é rara a associação entre juventude, criminalidade e violência veiculada diariamente nas mídias que buscam influenciar a opinião da sociedade brasileira. Entretanto, a literatura aponta que os adolescentes e jovens são muito mais vítimas de atos violentos do que algozes. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a configuração das redes sociais e as características dos relacionamentos interpessoais dentro das redes de adolescentes autores de ato infracional, que estão em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa em meio aberto (liberdade assistida), no município de Vila Velha- ES. Participaram deste estudo dez adolescentes, com idades entre 15 e 18 anos. Entre os principais resultados, se observa que os adolescentes relacionavam-se tanto com pessoas envolvidas em ações criminosas quanto com pessoas não envolvidas. As redes sociais apresentavam um número pequeno de participantes, porém havia poucos relacionamentos conflituosos e estressores. Ficou evidenciado que os adolescentes não estavam inseridos em outras políticas públicas, além do local de cumprimento da medida socioeducativa a casa amarela que foi representada por dois participantes como participantes em suas redes. Nenhum adolescente estava frequentando a escola no momento do cometimento do ato infracional e não a incluiu como participante de sua vida no presente, embora tenham declarado interesse em retomar os estudos. Quanto às dimensões do relacionamento interpessoal os adolescentes relataram uma distinção clara entre os amigos e colegas. Amigos se referem, em geral, aos sujeitos não envolvidos em ações ligadas ao crime e com os quais são relatadas maiores similaridades, confiança e reciprocidade nos sentimentos. Já os colegas são, em geral, sujeitos envolvidos em práticas infracionais, a relação é afetivamente distante, não há confiança e reciprocidade nas relações. Os adolescentes relacionavam-se tanto com a família nuclear quanto extensa. Nessas relações são percebidas reciprocidade e confiança, apesar de serem relatadas menos similaridades com familiares do que com os amigos. Nenhum profissional que lhes assistia no cumprimento da medida socioeducativa foi espontaneamente citado como participante de sua rede. Para a amostra, possuir relacionamentos afetivamente significativos com pessoas não envolvidas em atividades criminosas funciona como um mecanismo de proteção ao cometimento de atos infracionais e contribui para o rompimento com as práticas criminosas

Transient, Non-Axisymmetric Modes in Instability of Unsteady Circular Couette Flow

Laboratory and numerical experiments were conducted to quantitatively determine the modal structure of transient, nonaxisymmetric modes observed during the instability of an impulsively initiated circular‐Couette flow. The instability develops initially as an axisymmetric, Görtler‐vortex state and persists ultimately as a steady, axisymmetric Taylor‐vortex state of different wavelength. The transition between these two states results from the instability of the Görtler mode combined with the underlying developing swirl flow and is dominated by nonaxisymmetric modes. The laboratory experiments employed flow visualization coupled with digital video and image‐processing techniques; numerical experiments were performed using the spectral‐element code

COMPETITION AMONG HOSPITALS AND ITS MEASUREMENT: THEORY AND A CASE STUDY

Our paper provides several insights on the characteristics of the concept of “Poles d’Excellence Rurale” (PER) through bilateral comparisons with that of Competitive Pole (CP) and cluster. The concept of PER is a French government’ initiative designed for the development of rural areas similar to that of the Competitive Pole. We emphasize important particularities of these concepts by analyzing some of their similarities and major differences.Pole d’Excellence Rurale, Competitive Pole, cluster, rural development

Feiras livres como alternativa de comercialização de produtos da agrofloresta.

Com a busca por alternativas comerciais socialmente justas como maneira de otimizar a comercialização de produtos provenientes de agricultura familiar, destaca se a venda direta através de feiras, livres, que permite acesso direto ao consumidor sem necessidade de intermediadores. O Grupo de Produtores Agroflorestais Gralha Azul, de Morretes-PR, iniciou plantios de agroflorestas agroecológicas em 2009, sendo formado, atualmente, por 12 famílias de agricultores. Há um ano, o Gralha Azul iniciou sua participação na Matinfeira, feira semanal de produtos da agricultura familiar em Matinhos, PR. Com o objetivo de caracterização dos produtos, produtores e do processo de comercialização, foram acompanhados e sistematizados em planilha a comercialização destes produtos em 22 feiras semanais, entre maio e dezembro de 2012. Onze produtores participaram da Matinfeira, comercializando entre 13 e 29 variedades de alimentos, e proporcionando uma renda que variou de R$101,00 a R$ 386,50, por semana. Mensalmente, as feiras permitiram uma receita bruta de R$ 141,17 por produtor familiar agroflorestal. Apesar desse baixo valor, há que se considerar que o mesmo reflete os primeiros seis meses de atuação do Grupo no processo de comercialização na feira (Matinfeira). A venda direta através desta feira livre mostra potencial como alternativa comercial socialmente justa para os produtores em transição agroecológica do Grupo Gralha Azul

Comparative chromosome painting discloses homologous Segments in distantly related mammals

Comparative chromosome painting, termed ZOO-FISH, using DNA libraries from flow sorted human chromosomes 1,16,17 and X, and mouse chromosome 11 discloses the presence of syntenic groups in distantly related mammalian Orders ranging from primates (Homo sapiens), rodents (Mus musculus), even-toed ungulates (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis and Muntiacus reevesi) and whales (Balaenoptera physalus). These mammalian Orders have evolved separately for 55-80 million years (Myr). We conclude that ZOO-FISH can be used to generate comparative chromosome maps of a large number of mammalian species

Decreased cingulo-opercular network functional connectivity mediates the impact of aging on visual processing speed

The neural factors that account for the visual processing speed reduction in aging are incompletely understood. Based on previous reports of age-related decreases in the intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) within the cingulo-opercular network and its relevance for processing speed, we hypothesized that these decreases are associated with age-related reductions in visual processing speed. We used a whole-report task and modeling based on Bundesen's `theory of visual attention' to parameterize visual processing speed in 91 healthy participants aged from 20 to 77 years. iFC was estimated using independent component analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. From the clusters within the cingulo-opercular network exhibiting age-related decreased iFC, we found a cluster in the left insula to be particularly associated with visual processing speed and to mediate the age effect on visual speed. This mediation was not observed for age-related decreased iFC in other networks or for other attentional parameters. Our results point to the iFC in the cingulo-opercular network, represented by the left insula, as being a relevant marker for visual processing speed changes in aging

Ariel stellar characterisation: I -- homogeneous stellar parameters of 187 FGK planet host stars Description and validation of the method

In 2020 the European Space Agency selected Ariel as the next mission to join the space fleet of observatories to study planets outside our Solar System. Ariel will be devoted to the characterisation of a thousand planetary atmospheres, for understanding what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve. To achieve the last two goals all planets need to be studied within the context of their own host stars, which in turn have to be analysed with the same technique, in a uniform way. We present the spectro-photometric method we have developed to infer the atmospheric parameters of the known host stars in the Tier 1 of the Ariel Reference Sample. Our method is based on an iterative approach, which combines spectral analysis, the determination of the surface gravity from {\em Gaia} data, and the determination of stellar masses from isochrone fitting. We validated our approach with the analysis of a control sample, composed by members of three open clusters with well-known ages and metallicities. We measured effective temperature, Teff, surface gravity, logg, and the metallicity, [Fe/H], of 187 F-G-K stars within the Ariel Reference Sample. We presented the general properties of the sample, including their kinematics which allows us to separate them between thin and thick disc populations. A homogeneous determination of the parameters of the host stars is fundamental in the study of the stars themselves and their planetary systems. Our analysis systematically improves agreement with theoretical models and decreases uncertainties in the mass estimate (from 0.21+/-0.30 to 0.10+/-0.02 M_sun), providing useful data for the Ariel consortium and the astronomical community at large.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 13 pages, 14 figures, Tables A1 and A2 in the Appendix will be available at CDS and can be requested by email to: [email protected]

Finite element approximation of sparse parabolic control problems

We study the finite element approximation of an optimal control problem governed by a semilinear partial differential equation and whose objective function includes a term promoting space sparsity of the solutions. We prove existence of solution in the absence of control bound constraints and provide the adequate second order sufficient conditions to obtain error estimates. Full discretization of the problem is carried out, and the sparsity properties of the discrete solutions, as well as error estimates, are obtained.The first two authors were partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad under project MTM2014-57531-P

J. Med. Genet.

Background: Primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder showing an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Affected individuals present with head circumferences more than three SDs below the age- and sex-matched population mean, associated with mild to severe mental retardation. Five genes (MCPH1, CDK5RAP2, ASPM, CENPJ, STIL) and two genomic loci, MCPH2 and MCPH4, have been identified so far. Methods and results: In this study, we investigated all seven MCPH loci in patients with primary microcephaly from 112 Consanguineous Iranian families. In addition to a thorough clinical characterisation, karyotype analyses were performed for all patients. For Homozygosity mapping, microsatellite markers were selected for each locus and used for genotyping. Our investigation enabled us to detect homozygosity at MCPH1 (Microcephalin) in eight families, at MCPH5 (ASPM) in thirtheen families. Three families showed homozygosity at MCPH2 and five at MCPH6 (CENPJ), and two families were linked to MCPH7 (STIL). The remaining 81 families were not linked to any of the seven known loci. Subsequent sequencing revealed eight, 10 and one novel mutations in Microcephalin, ASPM and CENPJ, respectively. In some families, additional features such as short stature, seizures or congenital hearing loss were observed in the microcephalic patient, which widens the spectrum of clinical manifestations of mutations in known microcephaly genes. Conclusion: Our results show that the molecular basis of microcephaly is heterogeneous; thus, the Iranian population may provide a unique source for the identification of further genes underlying this disorder