КІЛЬКІСНА МОРФОЛОГІЧНА ОЦІНКА ВІКОВИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ РЕМОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ВИВІДНИХ ПРОТОК ПІДШЛУНКОВОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ В УМОВАХ ЛЕГЕНЕВОЇ АРТЕРІАЛЬНОЇ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЇ

У статті представлено результати морфометричного аналізу вивідних проток підшлункової залози різних вікових груп тварин та результати їхнього ремоделювання при моделюванні легеневої артеріальної гіпертензії. Встановлено, що більш вираженими процеси структурної перебудови внутрішньочасточкових та міжчасточкових вивідних проток розвиваються у старих тварин

Antibiotic treatment following a dog bite in an immunocompromized patient in order to prevent Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection: a case report

BACKGROUND: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a commensal bacterium found in the saliva of dogs and cats. Clinically significant infections in humans after a bite are often associated with the presence of immune deficiency. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are crucial for patient survival. In addition, patients with immune deficiency are susceptible to serious life-threatening nosocomial infections, which may also influence the prognosis of patients with Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection. CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old Caucasian female was admitted with septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation after suffering two small bites from her dog. She had received a splenectomy during childhood. The patient survived after early empiric treatment with antibiotics and intensive supportive care, including ventilation support, a high dose of noradrenalin, and continuous venovenous hemodialysis applied prior to the definitive diagnosis of Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis. She improved within 2 weeks but, despite all efforts to prevent nosocomial infection, her hospital course was complicated by Enterococcus species and Candida albicans pleuropneumonia that prolonged her stay in the intensive care unit, and necessitated ventilation support for 2 months. CONCLUSION: Severe Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis may be complicated by life-threatening nosocomial infection in immunocompromized patients. The prophylactic application of antibiotics after a dog bite should be considered in high-risk individuals with immune deficiency in order to prevent both Capnocytophyga canimorsus sepsis and serious nosocomial complications

Морфометрична характеристика кровоносного русла підшлункової залози при гіпертензії у малому колі кровообігу

The article deals with the findings of morphometric analysis of pancreatic arteries and hemicirculation in animals of different age groups and the results of their remodeling in disturbed systemic circulation. The most pronounced arteries and microvessels’ restructuring has been found to develop in old animals.У статті представлено результати морфометричного аналізу артерій і гемомікроциркуляторного русла підшлункової залози різних вікових груп тварин та результати їхнього ремоделювання при порушенні кровообігу у великому колі. Встановлено, що більш вираженими процеси структурної перебудови артерій і мікросудин розвиваються у старих тварин

МОРФОМЕТРИЧНА ОЦІНКА СТРУКТУРНОЇ ВІКОВОЇ ПЕРЕБУДОВИ ПІДШЛУНКОВОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ ПРИ АРТЕРІАЛЬНІЙ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЇ В МАЛОМУ КОЛІ КРОВООБІГУ

SUMMARY. Using the morphological methods there were studied the remodeling pancreatic acinar parts in young and old rats with postresection pulmonary arterial hypertension. It was established that in a simulated pathology reduced diameter and area acini, began degenerative changes in exocrine pancreatic cells, take place disproportionate volume ratio of nucleus and cytoplasm, increasing of nuclear-cytoplasmic ratios, increased the relative amount of stromal component. Structural changes in the pancreas prevailed in old animals. KEY WORDS: pancreas, exocrine pancreatic cells, postresection pulmonary arterial hypertension.РЕЗЮМЕ. Морфологічними методами вивчені особливості ремоделювання ацинарних відділів підшлункової залози молодих та старих щурів при пострезекційній артеріальній легеневій гіпертензії. Встановлено, що в умовах змодельованої патології зменшуються діаметр та площа ацинусів, настають дистрофічні зміни у екзокринних панкреатоцитах, відбуваються диспропорційні зміни об’ємних співвідношень ядра та цитоплазми, зростання показника ядерно-цитоплазматичних відношень, збільшується відносний об’єм стромального компонента. Структурні зміни підшлункової залози переважали у старих тварин. КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: підшлункова залоза, екзокринні панкреатоцити, пострезекційна легенева артеріальна гіпертензія

ВІКОВІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МОРФОМЕТРИЧНИХ ЗМІН ЕКЗОКРИННОГО АПАРАТУ ПІДШЛУНКОВОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ

Морфометричними методами встановлено особливості структурної перебудови  складових екзокринного апарату підшлункової залози у білих щурів різних вікових груп. Встановлено, що з віком зменшується питома вага  паренхіми, збільшується питома вага стромального компонента. З віком зменшуються розміри та площа  ацинусів, у екзокриноцитах знижується площа ядра та зменшується величини ядерно-цитоплазматичних відношень. У динаміці вікових змін вивідних проток підшлункової залози спостерігають звуження вставних відділів проток та розширення внутрішньочасточкових і міжчасточкових проток, що засвідчує різну  адаптаційну здатність протокової системи в цілому.

Inflammation Profiling of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection to which there is no community immunity. Patients admitted to ICUs have high mortality, with only supportive therapies available. Our aim was to profile plasma inflammatory analytes to help understand the host response to coronavirus disease 2019. Design: Daily blood inflammation profiling with immunoassays. Setting: Tertiary care ICU and academic laboratory. Subjects: All patients admitted to the ICU suspected of being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, using standardized hospital screening methodologies, had daily blood samples collected until either testing was confirmed negative on ICU day 3 (coronavirus disease 2019 negative), or until ICU day 7 if the patient was positive (coronavirus disease 2019 positive). Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Age- and sex-matched healthy controls and ICU patients that were either coronavirus disease 2019 positive or coronavirus disease 2019 negative were enrolled. Cohorts were well-balanced with the exception that coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients were more likely than coronavirus disease 2019 negative patients to suffer bilateral pneumonia. Mortality rate for coronavirus disease 2019 positive ICU patients was 40%. We measured 57 inflammatory analytes and then analyzed with both conventional statistics and machine learning. Twenty inflammatory analytes were different between coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients and healthy controls ( Conclusions: While many inflammatory analytes were elevated in coronavirus disease 2019 positive ICU patients, relative to healthy controls, the top six analytes distinguishing coronavirus disease 2019 positive ICU patients from coronavirus disease 2019 negative ICU patients were tumor necrosis factor, granzyme B, heat shock protein 70, interleukin-18, interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10, and elastase 2

Novel Ce magnetism in CeDipnictide and Di‐Ce pnictide structures

Results of electrical resistance and magnetic susceptibility measurements on Ce2Bi, Ce2Sb, CeScGe, CeScSi and CeSb2 are presented. Ce2Bi and Ce2Sb have antiferromagnetic transitions at low temperatures, while CeSb2, CeScGe and CeScSi have ferromagnetic transitions, CeScGe having a Tc = 46 K. The data are analyzed with respect to the similarities of the two crystal structure groups that these materials fall into: CeSb2 having the LaSb2 structure and the other materials all having the La2Sb structure

Biochemical aspects of nitric oxide synthase feedback regulation by nitric oxide

Nitric oxide (NO) is a small gas molecule derived from at least three isoforms of the enzyme termed nitric oxide synthase (NOS). More than 15 years ago, the question of feedback regulation of NOS activity and expression by its own product was raised. Since then, a number of trials have verified the existence of negative feedback loop both in vitro and in vivo. NO, whether released from exogenous donors or applied in authentic NO solution, is able to inhibit NOS activity and also intervenes in NOS expression processes by its effect on transcriptional nuclear factor NF-κB. The existence of negative feedback regulation of NOS may provide a powerful tool for experimental and clinical use, especially in inflammation, when massive NOS expression may be detrimental

Phosphodiesterases and cAMP pathway in pituitary diseases

© 2019 Bizzi, Bolger, Korbonits and Ribeiro-Oliveira. Human phosphodiesterases (PDEs) comprise a complex superfamily of enzymes derived from 24 genes separated into 11 PDE gene families (PDEs 1-11), expressed in different tissues and cells, including heart and brain. The isoforms PDE4, PDE7, and PDE8 are specific for the second messenger cAMP, which is responsible for mediating diverse physiological actions involving different hormones and neurotransmitters. The cAMP pathway plays an important role in the development and function of endocrine tissues while phosphodiesterases are responsible for ensuring the appropriate intensity of the actions of this pathway by hydrolyzing cAMP to its inactive form 5'-AMP. PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, and PDE11A are highly expressed in the pituitary, and overexpression of some PDE4 isoforms have been demonstrated in different pituitary adenoma subtypes. This observed over-expression in pituitary adenomas, although of unknown etiology, has been considered a compensatory response to tumorigenesis. PDE4A4/5 has a unique interaction with the co-chaperone aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP), a protein implicated in somatotroph tumorigenesis via germline loss-of-function mutations. Based on the association of low PDE4A4 expression with germline AIP-mutation-positive samples, the available data suggest that lack of AIP hinders the upregulation of PDE4A4 protein seen in sporadic somatotrophinomas. This unique disturbance of the cAMP-PDE pathway observed in the majority of AIP-mutation positive adenomas could contribute to their well-described poor response to somatostatin analogs and may support a role in tumorigenesis.We are grateful for the support by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais—Fapemig (AR-O), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq (AR-O, MB) and the Medical Research Council UK (MK), and the NIH, USA (GB)