Educação Bilíngue nas Políticas Educacionais e Linguísticas para Surdos: discursos e estratégias de governamento

Resumo: Neste artigo, apresento algumas problematizações sobre os discursos e as estratégias de governamento utilizados pelas atuais políticas educacionais e linguísticas para surdos. Argumento que tanto a educação bilíngue oferecida na escola comum quanto a educação bilíngue que acontece nas escolas de surdos são estratégias para que as identidades e a diferença surda sejam governadas. São analisados textos das políticas, relatórios e documentos produzidos por especialistas ou líderes surdos sobre a educação bilíngue, a fim de demonstrar como a população escolar surda vem sendo subjetivada, normalizada e conduzida para uma participação ativa e produtiva no mundo contemporâneo. Destaco a existência de distintos discursos sobre essa educação, alguns investimentos realizados por parte do governo federal e propostas de organização e distribuição dos sujeitos surdos em tempos e espaços escolares na atualidade

Prior Stroke in PFO Patients Is Associated With Both PFO-Related and -Unrelated Factors.

Background and Purpose: To identify factors associated with prior stroke at presentation in patients with cryptogenic stroke (CS) and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Methods: We studied cross-sectional data from the International PFO Consortium Study (NCT00859885). Patients with first-ever stroke and those with prior stroke at baseline were analyzed for an association with PFO-related (right-to-left shunt at rest, atrial septal aneurysm, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and Valsalva maneuver) and PFO-unrelated factors (age, gender, BMI, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, migraine, coronary artery disease, aortic plaque). A multivariable analysis was used to adjust effect estimation for confounding, e.g., owing to the age-dependent definition of study groups in this cross-sectional study design. Results: We identified 635 patients with first-ever and 53 patients with prior stroke. Age, BMI, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, coronary artery disease, and right-to-left shunt (RLS) at rest were significantly associated with prior stroke. Using a pre-specified multivariable logistic regression model, age (Odds Ratio 1.06), BMI (OR 1.06), hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.90) and RLS at rest (OR 1.88) were strongly associated with prior stroke.Based on these factors, we developed a nomogram to illustrate the strength of the relation of individual factors to prior stroke. Conclusion: In patients with CS and PFO, the likelihood of prior stroke is associated with both, PFO-related and PFO-unrelated factors

First narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars in advanced detector data

Spinning neutron stars asymmetric with respect to their rotation axis are potential sources of continuous gravitational waves for ground-based interferometric detectors. In the case of known pulsars a fully coherent search, based on matched filtering, which uses the position and rotational parameters obtained from electromagnetic observations, can be carried out. Matched filtering maximizes the signalto- noise (SNR) ratio, but a large sensitivity loss is expected in case of even a very small mismatch between the assumed and the true signal parameters. For this reason, narrow-band analysis methods have been developed, allowing a fully coherent search for gravitational waves from known pulsars over a fraction of a hertz and several spin-down values. In this paper we describe a narrow-band search of 11 pulsars using data from Advanced LIGO’s first observing run. Although we have found several initial outliers, further studies show no significant evidence for the presence of a gravitational wave signal. Finally, we have placed upper limits on the signal strain amplitude lower than the spin-down limit for 5 of the 11 targets over the bands searched; in the case of J1813-1749 the spin-down limit has been beaten for the first time. For an additional 3 targets, the median upper limit across the search bands is below the spin-down limit. This is the most sensitive narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves carried out so far

Is There an Optimal Ischaemic Preconditioning Dose to Improve Cycling Performance?

INTRODUCTION: Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) may enhance endurance performance. No previous study has directly compared distinct IPC protocols for optimal benefit. The aim of this study was to determine whether a specific IPC protocol (i.e. number of cycles, amount of muscle tissue, and local vs remote occlusion) elicits greater performance outcome. METHODS: Twelve cyclists performed five different IPC protocols 30-min prior to a blinded 375 kJ cycling time trial (TT) in a laboratory. Responses to traditional IPC (4x5-min legs) were compared to: i. 8x5-min legs and SHAM ("dose-cycles"), ii. 4x5-min unilateral legs ("dose-tissue"), and iii. 4x5-min arms ("remote"). RPE and blood lactate were recorded at each 25% TT completion. Power (watts), heart rate (bpm), and V̇O2 (ml.kg.min(-1)) were measured continuously throughout TT's. Magnitude based inference statistics were employed to compare variable differences to the minimal practically important difference. RESULTS: Traditional IPC was associated with a 17 (0, 34) secs faster TT time compared to SHAM. Applying more "dose-cycles" (8x5-min) had no impact on performance. Traditional IPC was associated with "likely trivial" higher blood lactate and "possibly beneficial" lower V̇O2 responses vs. SHAM. Unilateral IPC was associated with 18 (-11, 48) secs slower performance compared to bilateral ("dose-tissue"). TT times following remote and local IPC were not different [0 (-16, 16) secs]. CONCLUSION: The traditional 4x5-min (local or remote) IPC stimulus resulted in the fastest TT time compared to SHAM, there was no benefit of applying a greater number of cycles or employing unilateral IPC

Antireflux Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication Using EsophyX: 12-Month Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study

BACKGROUND: A novel transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) procedure using the EsophyX system with SerosaFuse fasteners was designed to reconstruct a full-thickness valve at the gastroesophageal junction through tailored delivery of multiple fasteners during a single-device insertion. The safety and efficacy of TIF for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) were evaluated in a prospective multicenter trial. METHODS: Patients (n = 86) with chronic GERD treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were enrolled. Exclusion criteria included an irreducible hiatal hernia > 2 cm. RESULTS: The TIF procedure (n = 84) reduced all hiatal hernias (n = 49) and constructed valves measuring 4 cm (2-6 cm) and 230 degrees (160 degrees -300 degrees ). Serious adverse events consisted of two esophageal perforations upon device insertion and one case of postoperative intraluminal bleeding. Other adverse events were mild and transient. At 12 months, aggregate (n = 79) and stratified Hill grade I tight (n = 21) results showed 73% and 86% of patients with >or=50% improvement in GERD health-related quality of life (HRQL) scores, 85% discontinuation of daily PPI use, and 81% complete cessation of PPIs; 37% and 48% normalization of esophageal acid exposure; 60% and 89% hiatal hernia reduction; and 62% and 80% esophagitis reduction, respectively. More than 50% of patients with Hill grade I tight valves had a normalized cardia circumference. Resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was improved significantly (p < 0.001), by 53%. EsophyX-TIF cured GERD in 56% of patients based on their symptom reduction and PPI discontinuation. CONCLUSION: The 12-month results showed that EsophyX-TIF was safe and effective in improving quality of life and for reducing symptoms, PPI use, hiatal hernia, and esophagitis, as well as increasing the LES resting pressure and normalizing esophageal pH and cardia circumference in chronic GERD patients.Journal ArticleMulticenter StudyResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe