CARBON IN SOIL IN DIFFERENT PHISIONOMIES OF CAATINGA IN PARAÍBA, BRAZIL

The devastation of the caatinga vegetation by disorderly exploration has led to the intensification of carbon release, modifying the capacity of soils to stock this element. The study aimed to determine the stock of organic carbon in Caatinga areas. Which it was conducted in the city of Várzea, state of Paraíba in Brazil, in four areas with vegetation in different successional stages. Soil samples were collected to determine the levels of carbon in 04 depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm and 15-20 cm) in two seasons of the year. The averages of the carbon were compared by Tukey test. The amounts of carbon in the soil showed significant differences in the factors of time, study area and depth. In the dry season, the quantities and the carbon stock were higher than those registered in the rainy season in all the studied areas, being Late Secondary Caatinga and Preserved Caatinga the areas with the highest values. The Late Secondary Caatinga had the highest carbon stock (33.01 Mg ha-1) in the rainy season. On the other hand, in the dry season, the highest carbon stock was in Preserved Caatinga (49.77 Mg ha-1). Larger amounts of organic carbon were found in the area of Preserved Caatinga, being the higher carbon concentrations recorded in the dry season

Isometric handgrip does not elicit cardiovascular overload or post-exercise hypotension in hypertensive older women

Background: Arterial hypertension is a serious health problem affecting mainly the elderly population. Recent studies have considered both aerobic and resistance exercises as a non-pharmacological aid for arterial hypertension treatment. However, the cardiovascular responses of the elderly to isometric resistance exercise (eg, isometric handgrip [IHG]) have not yet been documented. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate cardiovascular responses to different intensities of isometric exercise, as well as the occurrence of post-isometric exercise hypotension in hypertensive elderly people under antihypertensive medication treatment. Patients and methods: Twelve women volunteered to participate in the study after a maximal voluntary contraction test (MVC) and standardization of the intervention workload consisting of two sessions of IHG exercise performed in four sets of five contractions of a 10-second duration. Sessions were performed both at 30% of the MVC and 50% of the MVC, using a unilateral IHG protocol.\ud Both intensities were compared with a control session without exercise. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at rest (R), during peak exercise (PE), and after 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes of post-exercise recovery were evaluated. Results: No significant changes were observed after isometric exercise corresponding to 30% MVC for either SBP (R: 121 ± 10; PE: 127 ± 14; 5 min: 125 ± 13; 10 min: 123 ± 12; 15 min: 122 ± 11; 30 min: 124 ± 11; 45 min: 124 ± 10; 60 min: 121 ± 10 mmHg) or DBP (R: 74 ± 9; PE: 76 ± 6; 5 min: 74 ± 5; 10 min: 72 ± 8; 15 min: 72 ± 5; 30 min: 72 ± 8; 45 min: 73 ± 6; 60 min: 75 ± 7 mmHg). Similarly, the 50% MVC did not promote post-isometric exercise hypotension for either SBP (R: 120 ± 7; PE: 125 ± 11; 5 min: 120 ± 9; 10 min: 122 ± 9; 15 min: 121 ± 11; 30 min: 121 ± 9; 45 min: 121 ± 9; 60 min: 120 ± 7 mmHg) or DBP (R: 72 ± 8; PE: 78 ± 7; 5 min: 72 ± 7; 10 min: 72 ± 8; 15 min: 71 ± 7; 30 min: 72 ± 8; 45 min: 75 ± 10; 60 min: 75 ± 7 mmHg). Conclusion: Our data reveal that cardiovascular overload or post-exercise hypotension did not occur in elderly women with controlled hypertension when they undertook an IHG session. Thus this type of resistance exercise, with mild to moderate intensity, with short time of contraction appears to be safe for this populationFAPESP 2011/03528-0CAPE

Apicultura e empoderamento: ressignificação do espaço de atuação da mulher na sociedade do alto oeste potiguar / Beekeeping and empowerment: ressignification of women's space in the west potiguar society

O projeto de pesquisa trata de uma análise sociológica sobre a percepção das mulheres do projeto de extensão Abelha Operaria Empoderada. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é explicar o processo de empoderamento dessas mulheres. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as seguintes temáticas: cidadania, gênero e empoderamento. Em seguida foi realizada a análise do questionário inicial submetido para inscrição dessas mulheres no projeto de extensão e, posteriormente, fizemos a aplicação de entrevistas com as mesmas, avaliando a percepção do projeto sobre suas vidas. Após a análise dos dados coletados antes e depois do projeto de extensão, foi possível perceber que o curso proporcionou a estas mulheres mais autonomia, independência e valorização da autoestima sugerindo o empoderamento destas. Além disso, ampliaram os seus conhecimentos através de oficinas que tinham o viés de trabalhar a subjetividade e o empreendedorismo. Portanto, o projeto de extensão contribuiu para que essas mulheres fortalecessem a autoconfiança, mostrando que elas são capazes de alcançar seus objetivos.

Peso ao nascer associado a fatores maternos/obstétricos e neonatais

Objectives: Birth weight is a parameter used throughout the world to assess the health status of the newborn. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the association between birth weight and maternal and obstetric variables in a family health center in the interior of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Method: A quantitative and retrospective study was performed using secondary data from records of pregnant women attended at a family health center. The data analyzed were dated in the year 2016 and 2017. The research was submitted and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Vale do Acaraú State University - UVA (1.878.614). Results: A total of 64 pregnant women were attended during the study period. The birth weight ranged from 750g to 4,664g. There was a predominance of normal weight children born to mothers aged 21-30 years (42.18%). Women with partners (married, stable union) had higher rates with children of normal weight (56.25%). Regarding the number of prenatal consultations, those with 7 or more consultations obtained better results for the normal weight (67.18%). Children with normal birth weight (60.93%) of term pregnancies, from 37 to 41 weeks in duration, predominated. Conclusion: Considering low birth weight a dangerous and problematic parameter in the current scenario, it is important that prenatal and perinatal care be strengthened to prevent and effectively intervene in unfavorable outcomes for mother and child.Objetivo: O peso ao nascer é um parâmetro usado, em todo o mundo, para avaliar as condições de saúde do recém-nascido. Com isso, o estudo objetivou analisar a associação entre o peso ao nascer e as variáveis maternas e obstétricas em um centro de saúde da família do interior do estado do Ceará-Brasil. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo e retrospectivo utilizando dados secundários a partir de prontuários de gestantes atendidas em um centro de saúde da família. Os dados analisados foram datados no ano de 2016 e 2017. A pesquisa foi submetida e aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú – UVA (1.878.614). Resultados: Foram atendidas um total de 64 gestantes durante o período de estudo. O peso dos nascidos variou de 750g a 4.664g. Houve um predomínio de crianças com peso normal nascidos de mães com idade entre 21-30 anos (42,18%). As mulheres com companheiro (casadas, união estável) foram registradas maiores taxas com filhos de peso normal (56,25%). Com relação ao número de consultas pré-natal, aquelas com realizaram 7 ou mais consultas obtiveram melhores resultados para o peso normal (67,18%). Predominou crianças com peso normal ao nascer (60,93%) de gestações à termo, de 37 a 41 semanas de duração. Conclusão: Considerando o baixo peso ao nascer um parâmetro perigoso e problemático no cenário atual, é importante que haja fortalecimento dos cuidados pré-natais e perinatais para prevenir e intervir, de forma eficaz, em resultados desfavoráveis para mãe e filho

Idade materna associada a fatores perinatais registrado em prontuários de gestantes em atendimento pré-natal em um centro de saúde da família

Objetivos: o presente estudo teve por objetivo associar a idade materna aos fatores perinatais em parturientes de um hospital e maternidade da região norte do Ceará. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, com análise documental. As variáveis analisadas foram aquelas que pudesse correlacionar os aspectos perinatais à idade da mãe: estado civil, tipo de parto,número de consultas pré-natal, idade gestacional, índice de Apgar e peso do neonato. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética local (1.878.614). Resultados: a idade máxima registrada foi de 41 anos e a idade mínima de 15 anos. Predominou a faixa entre 21-35 (71,87%). A escolaridade predominou ensino médio com 53,12%. Em relação ao estado civil, àquelas com companheiro prevaleceram com 65,62%. O parto do tipo cesário esteve mais presente com 46,87% das mulheres na faixa de 21-35 anos. Em relação ao número de consultas prevaleceu a faixa de 21ª 35 anos com 7 ou mais consultas (59,37%). Sobre a idade gestacional, de 37 a 41 semanas foi prevalente (51,56%). Quando observado variáveis neonatais percebeu-se que os melhores índices de Apgar e peso ao nascer foram mais presentes em mães na faixa de 21 a 35 anos (65,62% e 51,56%, respectivamente). Conclusão: os dados encontrados são pertinentes a outros na literatura e chama a atenção presença de gestantes em idades consideradas fora do recomendado

SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE ANESTESIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Patient safety during the administration of anesthesia is of utmost importance in the context of medical practice. To better understand this crucial aspect of healthcare, an integrative literature review was conducted, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of different studies and available evidence. The objective of this study was to investigate and synthesize the main findings related to patient safety in this specific scenario, identifying knowledge gaps and areas for improvement. The results of the analysis revealed several factors that influence patient safety in the administration of anesthesia, highlighting the importance of adequate training of health professionals, the use of specific protocols and guidelines, effective communication between the multidisciplinary team and the use of technologies and modern equipment. In conclusion, it is essential to implement effective measures and strategies to minimize risks and ensure patients' well-being throughout the anesthetic procedure.A segurança do paciente durante a administração de anestesia é de extrema importância no contexto da prática médica. Para compreender melhor esse aspecto crucial da assistência à saúde, foi conduzida uma revisão integrativa da literatura, permitindo a análise abrangente de diferentes estudos e evidências disponíveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar e sintetizar as principais descobertas relacionadas à segurança do paciente nesse cenário específico, identificando lacunas de conhecimento e áreas de melhoria. Os resultados da análise revelaram diversos fatores que influenciam a segurança do paciente na administração de anestesia, destacando a importância da formação adequada dos profissionais de saúde, o uso de protocolos e diretrizes específicas, a comunicação eficaz entre a equipe multidisciplinar e a utilização de tecnologias e equipamentos modernos. Em conclusão, é fundamental implementar medidas e estratégias eficazes para minimizar os riscos e garantir o bem-estar dos pacientes durante todo o procedimento anestésico

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost