Solar Neutrinos with Three Flavor Mixings

The recent 71Ga solar neutrino observation is combined with the 37Cl and Kamiokande-II observations in an analysis for neutrino masses and mixings. The allowed parameter region is found for matter enhanced mixings among all three neutrino flavors. Distortions of the solar neutrino spectrum unique to three flavors are possible and may be observed in continuing and next generation experiments.Comment: August 1992 (Revised) PURD-TH-92-

Maximal Neutrino Mixing from an Attractive Infrared Fixed Point

In the Standard Model (and MSSM), renormalization effects on neutrino mixing are generally very small and the attractive fixed points are at vanishing neutrino mixing. However for multi-higgs extensions of the Standard Model, renormalization effects on neutrino mixing can be large and nontrivial fixed points are possible. Here we examine a simple two-higgs model. For two flavors, maximal mixing is an attractive infrared fixed point. For three flavors, the neutrino mass matrix evolves towards large off-diagonal elements at low energies. The experimentally suggested bimaximal neutrino mixing pattern is one possible attractive infrared fixed point.Comment: 16 page

Renormalization of the neutrino mass matrix

The renormalization group equations for the general 2 by 2, complex, neutrino mass matrix are shown to have exact, analytic solutions. Simple formulas are given for the physical mixing angle, complex phase and mass ratio in terms of their initial values and the energy scales. We also establish a (complex) renormalization invariant relating these parameters. The qualitative features of the physical parameters' renormalization are clearly illustrated in vector field plots. In both the SM and MSSM, maximal mixing is a saddle point.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure

Meson Decay Constants from Isospin Mass Splittings in the Quark Model

Decay constants of $D$ and $B$ mesons are estimated within the framework of a heavy-quark approach using measured isospin mass splittings in the $D$, $D^*$, and $B$ states to isolate the electromagnetic hyperfine interaction between quarks. The values $f_D = (262 \pm 29)$ MeV and $f_B = (160 \pm 17)$ MeV are obtained. Only experimental errors are given; possible theoretical ambiguities, and suggestions for reducing them, are noted.Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX, EFI-92-3

Heavy-quarkonium decay into Z+Higgs boson as a scalar/pseudoscalar discriminant

The heavy-quarkonium decay <SUP>3</SUP>S<SUB>1</SUB>(QQ<SUP>&#8722;</SUP>)&#8594;Z+Higgs boson, a feasible process for Higgs-boson searches, is shown to be highly sensitive to the structure of the HQQ<SUP>&#8722;</SUP> vertex. A study of the angular distributions of the Z decay products can distinguish between the scalar or pseudoscalar form of this vertex and provide important information on the electroweak-symmetry-breaking mechanism

Growing a Chemical Garden at the Air–Fluid Interface

Here we grow chemical gardens using a novel, quasi two-dimensional, experimental configuration. Buoyant calcium chloride solution is pumped onto the surface of sodium silicate solution. The solutions react to form a precipitation structure on the surface. Initially, an open channel forms that grows in a spiral. This transitions to radially spreading and branching fingers, which typically oscillate in transparency as they grow. The depth of the radial spreading, and the fractal dimension of the finger growth, are surprisingly robust, being insensitive to the pumping rate. The curvature of the channel membrane and the depth of the radially spreading solution can be explained in terms of the solution densities and the interfacial tension across the semipermeable membrane. These unusually beautiful structures provide new insights into the dynamics of precipitation structures and may lead to new technologies where structures are grown instead of assembled

Oekologische Baumaterialien Tagungsband

In dem vorliegenden Tagungsbericht sind die Referate abgedruckt die auf den Symposien ''Oekologische Baumaterialen'' gehalten wurden. Themenkomplex A: Baustoffe - Gewinnung und Herstellung; Themenkomplex B: Baustoffe - Handel und Kosten. Europaeische Oekoinstitute im Vergleich; Themenkomplex C: Baustoffe -Abbruch Recycling, Wiederverwertung. (HW)This conference report contains the papers which were read at the symposium ''Ecological building materials''. A: Winning and preparation; B: Trade and cost. Comparison of European ecological institutes; C: Building materials, recycling of demolition materials, recycling. (HW)Available from TIB Hannover: RO 4013(25) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Global karst springs hydrograph dataset for research and management of the world’s fastest-flowing groundwater

(IF 6.44; Q1)International audienceKarst aquifers provide drinking water for 10% of the world’s population, support agriculture, groundwater-dependent activities, and ecosystems. These aquifers are characterised by complex groundwater-flow systems, hence, they are extremely vulnerable and protecting them requires an in-depth understanding of the systems. Poor data accessibility has limited advances in karst research and realistic representation of karst processes in large-scale hydrological studies. In this study, we present World Karst Spring hydrograph (WoKaS) database, a community-wide effort to improve data accessibility. WoKaS is the first global karst springs discharge database with over 400 spring observations collected from articles, hydrological databases and researchers. The dataset’s coverage compares to the global distribution of carbonate rocks with some bias towards the latitudes of more developed countries. WoKaS database will ensure easy access to a large-sample of good quality datasets suitable for a wide range of applications: comparative studies, trend analysis and model evaluation. This database will largely contribute to research advancement in karst hydrology, supports karst groundwater management, and promotes international and interdisciplinary collaborations