Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Dinamika Kelompok dan Hubungannya dengan Kelas Kemampuan Kelompok Tani di Desa Pulokencana Kabupaten Serang

Group dynamics is an important factor in the development offarmers' groups. The aims of this study is to know the differences between of farmer group dynamics which includes highest class with lowest class. The results showed that there was no relationship between class ability of farmer groups with the level of group dynamics. Capability class of farmers group evaluation which undertaken in the village Pulokencana only based on an assessment of the head of farmers group and age of group only.The fact that Banjar Tani group is more dynamic than the Banyu Mukti group, but the class between that two groups very different, Banyu Mukti is Main class while the Banjar Tani is Beginners class. Factors that affect the group dynamics are land area, family size, age of group leader and age of farmer groups, and the reception of members of the group leader. In addition, the eight elements of group dynamics, only two elements that do not affect the group dynamics, namely the element of group objective and group pressure. Meanwhile, the six elements that influence group dynamics, the task function has the strongest influence on the dynamics of farmer groups

Hubungan Riwayat Anemia dan Jarak Kelahiran dengan Kejadian Perdarahan Postpartum di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek

Perdarahan postpartum adalah perdarahan lebih dari 500 cc yang terjad isetelah bayi lahir pervaginam atau lebih dari 1000 ml setelah persalinan abdominal. Data AKI pada tahun 2013 menurut SDKI (Survei Demografi dan Kependudukan Indonesia) sebesar 228 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Penyebab kasus kematian ibu di Provinsi Lampung tahun 2014 disebabkan oleh perdarahan sebanyak 47 kasus, eklamsi sebanyak 46 kasus, infeksi sebanyak 9 kasus, partus lama sebanyak 1 kasus, aborsi sebanyak 1 kasus dan lain-lain sebanyak 54 kasus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk diketahui hubungan Riwayat anemia dan jarak kelahiran dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum pada ibu bersalin di RSUD.Dr.H.Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang menggunakan data sekunder. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu bersalin berjumlah 997 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan systematik random sampling berjumlah 285 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan checklist. Lokasi penelitian yaitu di RSUD.Dr.H.Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung dan penelitian dilakukan selama satu bulan. Hasil penelitian dari 285 responden, ada 164 (57,6 %) yang mengalami perdarahan postpartum dan 121 (42,4%) tidak mengalami perdarahan postpartum dengan 194 (68,1 %) mengalami anemia dan 183 (64,2%) jarak kelahiran beresiko. Setelah dilakukan analisis bivariate ditemukan hubungan riwayat anemia dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum (p =0,0011< 0,05) dan hubungan jarak kelahiran dengan perdarahan postpartum (p =0,005 < 0,05). Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan antara riwayat anemia dan jarak kelahiran dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum di RSUD.Dr.H.Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung Tahun 2016, sehingga disarankan agar dapat melakukan deteksi dini terhadap anemia dan jarak kelahiran ibu sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kejadian perdarahan postpartum dan penanganan yang cepat pada perdarahan postpartum sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian ibu

Aplikasi Pendeteksi Kemiripanpada Dokumen Menggunakan Algoritma Rabin Karp

Kemiripan dokumen merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui penjiplakan&nbsp; dalam&nbsp; dokumen.&nbsp; penjiplakan&nbsp; adalah&nbsp;&nbsp; mencuri&nbsp; hasil&nbsp; karya&nbsp; orang&nbsp; lain&nbsp; dan&nbsp; mengakuinya sebagai karya sendiri, tanpa menyertakan referensi ke sumber aslinya. Praktik penjiplakan ini sering terjadi mengingat menyalin dokumen orang lain dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dengan proses yang bernama copy-paste. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dibutuhkan suatu hal yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu&nbsp; mendeteksi&nbsp; kemiripan&nbsp; dokumen&nbsp; dengan&nbsp; membandingkan&nbsp; pattern&nbsp; (pola)&nbsp; yang&nbsp; ada&nbsp; pada dokumen&nbsp; teks.&nbsp; Salah&nbsp; satu&nbsp; metode&nbsp; yang&nbsp; dapat&nbsp; digunakan&nbsp; adalah&nbsp; Algoritma&nbsp; Rabin&nbsp; Karp.&nbsp; Algoritma Rabin Karp dapat mendeteksi similarity (kemiripan) di dalam dokumen. Algoritma ini menggunakan hashing&nbsp; untuk&nbsp; menemukan&nbsp; substring(suatu&nbsp; bagian&nbsp; dari&nbsp; string)&nbsp; dalam&nbsp; sebuah&nbsp; teks&nbsp; dengan menggunakan&nbsp; K-gram.&nbsp; Fungsi&nbsp; hashing&nbsp; adalah&nbsp; untuk&nbsp; mengubah&nbsp; suatu&nbsp; jenis&nbsp; data&nbsp; menjadi&nbsp; beberapa bilangan bulat&nbsp; sederhana.&nbsp; Jumlah&nbsp; Karakter&nbsp; yang&nbsp; digunakan&nbsp; sebagai&nbsp; pattern&nbsp; dalam&nbsp; hashing disebut sebagai K-gram. Bilangan bulat hasil dari tersebut akan menjadi tolok ukur untuk mengetahui berapa similarity&nbsp; yang&nbsp; ada&nbsp; pada&nbsp; dokumen&nbsp; tersebut.&nbsp; Hasil&nbsp; dari&nbsp; penelitian&nbsp; ini&nbsp; adalah&nbsp; penggunaan&nbsp; aplikasi pendeteksi&nbsp; kemiripan&nbsp; dengan&nbsp; membandingkan&nbsp; 2&nbsp; dokumen.&nbsp; Penelitian&nbsp; ini&nbsp; memperlihatkan&nbsp; bahwa algoritma&nbsp; ini&nbsp; dapat&nbsp; berkerja&nbsp; dengan&nbsp; baik&nbsp; dalam&nbsp; mendeteksi&nbsp; kemiripan&nbsp; dokumen&nbsp; dengan memperlihatkan prosentase similarity yang ada pada dokumen tersebut

Chlorine Adsorption on TiO2(110)/Water Interface: Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Photocatalytic Water Splitting

This study was financially supported M-ERA.NET project CatWatSplit. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, as the Center of Excellence, has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2. The calculations were performed at the Latvian SuperCluster (LASC) located in Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia.Chloride is one of the most abundant ions in sea water, which is more available than fresh water. Due to lack of H2O adsorbate states near the valence band maximum (VBM) edge, the difficulty of water dissociation incidents has been reported on the rutile TiO2 surface as the excitation energy is around the band gap energy of TiO2. It is interesting whether the extra chloride can be a benefit to the water dissociation or not. In this study, the models of chlorine adatoms placed on the rutile TiO2 (110)/water interface are constructed using ab initio methods. The time-dependent spatial charges, bond-lengths of water molecules, and Hirshfeld charges are calculated by real-time time-dependent density functional theory and the Ehrenfest dynamics theory for investigating the excited state nonadiabatic dynamics of water dissociation. This study presents two photoinduced water-splitting pathways related to chlorine and analyzes the photogenerated hole along the reactions. The first step of water dissociation relies on the localized competition of oxygen charges between the dissociated water and the bridge site of TiO2 for transforming the water into hydroxyl and hydrogen by photoinduced driving force. --//-- This is an open access article Y.-P. Lin, D. Bocharov, I. Isakoviča, V. Pankratov, A.A. Popov, A.I. Popov, S. Piskunov; Chlorine adsorption on TiO2(110)/water interface: Nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations for potocatalytic water splitting; Electron. Mater., 2023, 4, pp. 33-48; DOI: 10.3390/electronicmat4010004; https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3978/4/1/4 published under the CC BY 4.0 licence.M-ERA.NET project CatWatSplit; Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, as the Center of Excellence, has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2

First Principles Calculations of Atomic and Electronic Structure of Ti3+Al- and Ti2+Al-Doped YAlO3

M.G.B. appreciates support from the Chongqing Recruitment Program for 100 Overseas Innovative Talents (grant no. 2015013), the Program for the Foreign Experts (grant no. W2017011), Wenfeng High-end Talents Project (grant no. W2016-01) offered by the Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (CQUPT), Estonian Research Council grant PUT PRG111, European Regional Development Fund (TK141), and NCN project 2018/31/B/ST4/00924. This study was supported by a grant from Latvian Research Council No. LZP-2018/1-0214 (for AIP). Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.In this paper, the density functional theory accompanied with linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method is applied to study the atomic and electronic structure of the Ti3+ and Ti2+ ions substituted for the host Al atom in orthorhombic Pbnm bulk YAlO3 crystals. The disordered crystalline structure of YAlO3 was modelled in a large supercell containing 160 atoms, allowing simulation of a substitutional dopant with a concentration of about 3%. In the case of the Ti2+-doped YAlO3, compensated F-center (oxygen vacancy with two trapped electrons) is inserted close to the Ti to make the unit cell neutral. Changes of the interatomic distances and angles between the chemical bonds in the defect-containing lattices were analyzed and quantified. The positions of various defect levels in the host band gap were determined. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Published under the CC BY 4.0 license.Chongqing Recruitment Program for 100 Overseas Innovative Talents (grant no. 2015013), the Program for the Foreign Experts (grant no. W2017011), Wenfeng High-end Talents Project (grant no. W2016-01), Estonian Research Council grant PUT PRG111, European Regional Development Fund (TK141), NCN project 2018/31/B/ST4/00924; Latvian Council of Science LZP-2018/1-0214 (for AIP). Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2

Runoff response of a small agricultural basin in the argentine Pampas considering connectivity aspects

Our manuscript analyses the surface runoff variability, and its controlling factors in a small basin with gentle slopes, at the headwaters of a flat catchment, to improve the knowledge of the hydrology of plain areas under agriculture. We study runoff, rainfall and antecedent conditions in the argentine Pampas region. We use correlations, regressions and quantitative and qualitative descriptive information of the system: erosion signs, ground cover by crops, groundwater depth data and temporal changes in the drainage network, to discuss and understand the complexity of the runoff process by frameworks to study (dis)connectivity. The analysis of 56 events evidenced a nonlinear rainfall–runoff relationship. In contrast with other works, we identified clear upper limit events, under which hydrological responses emerge, as a result of combinations of antecedent wetness, rainfall erosivity, ground cover and preferential drainage paths. We separated the nonlinear rainfall–runoff response in three linear relationships according to differences in antecedent wetness conditions. We found differences in runoff responses under wet and dry antecedent conditions, but complex responses under medium antecedent conditions. The analyses of the inputs, the structural and the functional elements of the (dis)connectivity frameworks, were key in the understanding of the temporal changes of runoff, and its complex responses. Temporal coincidences of connectivity components and their feedbacks appear to be strongly associated with the runoff dynamics. High-magnitude hydrological responses occur with complete coincidences, while partial coincidences between the components reduce connectivity and low magnitude and/or heterogeneous responses prevail. Thus, these analyses suggest that runoff is controlled by (dis)connectivity in this basin with gentle slopes. Our work contributes to the understanding of the process of surface runoff in the context of humid flatlands under agricultural land use, by the identification of the complex combinations of factors which regulate/control the (dis)connectivity that helps to interpret the nonlinearities of runoff.Fil: Ares, María Guadalupe. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Hidrología de Llanuras "Dr. Eduardo Jorge Usunoff". - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Instituto de Hidrología de Llanuras "Dr. Eduardo Jorge Usunoff". - Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Hidrología de Llanuras "Dr. Eduardo Jorge Usunoff"; ArgentinaFil: Varni, Marcelo Raúl. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Hidrología de Llanuras "Dr. Eduardo Jorge Usunoff". - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Instituto de Hidrología de Llanuras "Dr. Eduardo Jorge Usunoff". - Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Hidrología de Llanuras "Dr. Eduardo Jorge Usunoff"; ArgentinaFil: Chagas, Celio Ignacio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia. Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Uso de la Tierra. Cátedra de Manejo y Conservación de Suelo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Search for Gravitational Wave Bursts from Six Magnetars

Soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are thought to be magnetars: neutron stars powered by extreme magnetic fields. These rare objects are characterized by repeated and sometimes spectacular gamma-ray bursts. The burst mechanism might involve crustal fractures and excitation of non-radial modes which would emit gravitational waves (GWs). We present the results of a search for GW bursts from six galactic magnetars that is sensitive to neutron star f-modes, thought to be the most efficient GW emitting oscillatory modes in compact stars. One of them, SGR 0501+4516, is likely similar to 1 kpc from Earth, an order of magnitude closer than magnetars targeted in previous GW searches. A second, AXP 1E 1547.0-5408, gave a burst with an estimated isotropic energy >10(44) erg which is comparable to the giant flares. We find no evidence of GWs associated with a sample of 1279 electromagnetic triggers from six magnetars occurring between 2006 November and 2009 June, in GW data from the LIGO, Virgo, and GEO600 detectors. Our lowest model-dependent GW emission energy upper limits for band-and time-limited white noise bursts in the detector sensitive band, and for f-mode ringdowns (at 1090 Hz), are 3.0 x 10(44)d(1)(2) erg and 1.4 x 10(47)d(1)(2) erg, respectively, where d(1) = d(0501)/1 kpc and d(0501) is the distance to SGR 0501+4516. These limits on GW emission from f-modes are an order of magnitude lower than any previous, and approach the range of electromagnetic energies seen in SGR giant flares for the first time.United States National Science FoundationScience and Technology Facilities Council of the United KingdomMax-Planck-SocietyState of Niedersachsen/GermanyItalian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareFrench Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueAustralian Research CouncilCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research of IndiaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of ItalySpanish Ministerio de Educacion y CienciaConselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes BalearsFoundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific ResearchPolish Ministry of Science and Higher EducationFoundation for Polish ScienceRoyal SocietyScottish Funding CouncilScottish Universities Physics AllianceNational Aeronautics and Space Administration NNH07ZDA001-GLASTCarnegie TrustLeverhulme TrustDavid and Lucile Packard FoundationResearch CorporationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationRussian Space AgencyRFBR 09-02-00166aIPN JPL Y503559 (Odyssey), NASA NNG06GH00G, NASA NNX07AM42G, NASA NNX08AC89G (INTEGRAL), NASA NNG06GI896, NASA NNX07AJ65G, NASA NNX08AN23G (Swift), NASA NNX07AR71G (MESSENGER), NASA NNX06AI36G, NASA NNX08AB84G, NASA NNX08AZ85G (Suzaku), NASA NNX09AU03G (Fermi)Astronom

Implications For The Origin Of GRB 051103 From LIGO Observations

We present the results of a LIGO search for gravitational waves (GWs) associated with GRB 051103, a short-duration hard-spectrum gamma-ray burst (GRB) whose electromagnetically determined sky position is coincident with the spiral galaxy M81, which is 3.6 Mpc from Earth. Possible progenitors for short-hard GRBs include compact object mergers and soft gamma repeater (SGR) giant flares. A merger progenitor would produce a characteristic GW signal that should be detectable at the distance of M81, while GW emission from an SGR is not expected to be detectable at that distance. We found no evidence of a GW signal associated with GRB 051103. Assuming weakly beamed gamma-ray emission with a jet semi-angle of 30 deg we exclude a binary neutron star merger in M81 as the progenitor with a confidence of 98%. Neutron star-black hole mergers are excluded with > 99% confidence. If the event occurred in M81 our findings support the the hypothesis that GRB 051103 was due to an SGR giant flare, making it the most distant extragalactic magnetar observed to date.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures. For a repository of data used in the publication, go to: https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=15166 . Also see the announcement for this paper on ligo.org at: http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-GRB051103/index.ph