El arquitecto como su propio usuario

Esta primera parte de la investigación trata de las casas que los los arquitectos construyen para sí mismos. En ellas ponen en práctica sus preferencias y conocimientos. También se documentará mediante fotografías y entrevistas los procesos que dieron como resultado estas importantes obras de la arquitectura del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara (AMG)

On the possible existence of short-period g-mode instabilities powered by nuclear-burning shells in post-asymptotic giant branch H-deficient (PG1159-TYPE) stars

We present a pulsational stability analysis of hot post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) H-deficient pre-white dwarf stars with active He-burning shells. The stellar models employed are state-of-the-art equilibrium structures representative of PG1159 stars derived from the complete evolution of the progenitor stars, through the thermally pulsing AGB phase and born-again episode. On the basis of fully nonadiabatic pulsation computations, we confirmed theoretical evidence for the existence of a separate PG1159 instability strip in the log Teff-log g diagram characterized by short-period g-modes excited by the ε-mechanism. This instability strip partially overlaps the already known GW Vir instability strip of intermediate/long-period g-modes destabilized by the classical κ-mechanism acting on the partial ionization of C and/or O in the envelope of PG1159 stars. We found that PG1159 stars characterized by thick He-rich envelopes and located inside this overlapping region could exhibit both short and intermediate/long periods simultaneously. As a natural application of our results, we study the particular case of VV 47, a pulsating planetary nebula nucleus (PG1159 type) that is particularly interesting because it has been reported to exhibit a rich and complex pulsation spectrum including a series of unusually short pulsation periods. We found that the long periods exhibited by VV 47 can be readily explained by the classical κ-mechanism, while the observed short-period branch below ≈300 s could correspond to modes triggered by the He-burning shell through the ε-mechanism, although more observational work is needed to confirm the reality of these short-period modes. Were the existence of short-period g-modes in this star convincingly confirmed by future observations, VV 47 could be the first known pulsating star in which both the κ-mechanism and the ε-mechanism of mode driving are simultaneously operating.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Requerimientos para la reducción de tamaño en molinos de la semilla de vitabosa

Se presentan recomendaciones para aprovechar tecnológicamente la semilla de vitabosa y algunas investigaciones para casos similares sobre la pertinencia de determinar sus propiedades físicas (peso, densidad, tamaño medio, dureza) y mecánicas (módulo de elasticidad, máximo esfuerzo de compresión, fuerza de relajación) para relacionarlas con el desempeño de los equipos utilizados para la reducción de tamaño. Teniéndose como referencia el sistema semilla de vitabosa (materia prima) – molino (sistema mecánico) – harinas (producto procesado), se realizó la búsqueda de investigaciones similares que potencialmente se puedan adaptar total o parcialmente para el caso de interés. Terminando con algunas recomendaciones para determinar la calidad del producto obtenido en la molienda, en aspectos como distribución y tamaño de las partículas

Reproducción inducida de la liseta Leporinus muyscorum (Steindachner, 1902) con extracto pituitario de carpa (EPC).

La Liseta Leporinus muyscorum (Steindachner 1902) presenta características de importancia para la piscicultura, dentro de las cuales se destacan su adaptación a dietas artificiales y la calidad de su carne. No se reproduce en confinamiento, siendo necesaria su reproducción inducida con sustancias hormonales. Con reproductores capturados en el río Sinú en noviembre de 1999 y luego mantenidos en confinamiento hasta mayo de 2000 en el Centro Piscícola San Gabriel de la Corporación de los Valles del Sinú y San Jorge (CVS, Córdoba, Colombia), se logró su reproducción inducida con extracto pituitario de carpa (EPC) por primera vez en el país. Se utilizaron cuatro dosificaciones 1, 3, 5, 7 mg EPC/Kg. La dosis se dividió en dos aplicaciones en las hembras, correspondiendo 10 y 90% de la dosis total, con un intervalo de 12 horas. En los machos se aplicó una sola dosis única, equivalente al 80% de la dosis total de las hembras

Propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias de huauzontle (Chenopodium berlandieri subsp. nuttalliae, Chenopodiaceae) fermentado por Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp22

Background and Aims: Huauzontle (Chenopodium berlandieri subsp. nuttalliae) is a pseudocereal native to Mexico and is part of its culinary tradition. This pseudocereal is recognized for its high nutritional value and components that are associated with beneficial health effects. However, there is currently no literature on the impact that the fermentation process would have on its bioactive properties. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of fermentation by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp22 in huauzontle seeds suspended in water on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Methods: Huauzontle seeds were suspended in water (0.3%, w/v), inoculated with L. plantarum Lp22 (1%, v/v) at 108 CFU/ml, and allowed to ferment for 24 h at 37 °C. Then, seeds were recovered by filtration, grounded and aqueous extract was obtained. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by the ABTS and ORAC methods. Moreover, the inhibition of the enzymes lipoxygenase (LOX) and trypsin was evaluated and the total phenolic compounds in methanolic extract (Folin-Ciocalteu method) were also determined. Key results: The antioxidant activity represented as mM of Trolox equivalents was 812.50 and 927.50 by ABTS and 1384.32 and 3391.11 for ORAC, for unfermented and fermented huauzontle, respectively (p<0.05). The inhibition of LOX activity was 40.06% and 37.24% for unfermented and fermented huauzontle, respectively, while for trypsin it was 12.53% and 14.38% (p>0.05). Besides, total phenol content was 7.49 and 20.24 mg/ml (p<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: Our findings evidence that fermentation of huauzontle improves the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may be associated with increased phenol content. Therefore, its consumption could enhance the antioxidant and immune system of the human organism.Antecedentes y Objetivos: El huauzontle (Chenopodium berlandieri subsp. nuttalliae) es un pseudocereal nativo de México y forma parte de su tradición culinaria. Este pseudocereal es reconocido por su alto valor nutricional y componentes que se asocian a efectos benéficos a la salud. Sin embargo, al momento no se cuenta con literatura sobre el impacto que tendría el proceso de fermentación sobre sus propiedades bioactivas. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la fermentación por Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp22, en semillas de huauzontle suspendidas en agua, sobre sus propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias in vitro. Métodos: Semillas de huauzontle se suspendieron en agua (0.3% p/v), se inocularon con L. plantarum Lp22 (1% v/v) a una concentración de 108 UFC/ml y se fermentaron por 24 h a 37 °C. Finalmente, las semillas fueron recuperadas por filtración, se molieron y del extracto acuoso se determinó la actividad antioxidante por los métodos de ABTS y ORAC. Además, se evaluó la inhibición de las enzimas lipooxigenasa (LOX) y tripsina y se determinó la concentración de fenoles totales (método de Folin-Ciocalteu) en extractos metanólicos. Resultados clave: La actividad antioxidante representada como mM de equivalentes Trolox fue de 812.50 y 927.50 por ABTS, y 1384.32 y 3391.11, para ORAC, para huauzontle no fermentado y fermentado, respectivamente (p<0.05). La inhibición de la actividad de LOX fue de 40.06% y 37.24%, y para tripsina fue de 12.53% y 14.38% (p>0.05), para no fermentado y fermentado, respectivamente, mientras que el contenido de fenoles totales fue de 7.49 y 20.24 mg/ml (p<0.05), respectivamente. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos indican que la fermentación del huauzontle mejora las propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias, y que pueden estar asociados con el incremento en el contenido de fenoles, por lo que su consumo podría fortalecer el mecanismo antioxidante y sistema inmune del organismo humano

On the possible existence of short-period g-mode instabilities powered by nuclear-burning shells in post-asymptotic giant branch H-deficient (PG1159-TYPE) stars

We present a pulsational stability analysis of hot post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) H-deficient pre-white dwarf stars with active He-burning shells. The stellar models employed are state-of-the-art equilibrium structures representative of PG1159 stars derived from the complete evolution of the progenitor stars, through the thermally pulsing AGB phase and born-again episode. On the basis of fully nonadiabatic pulsation computations, we confirmed theoretical evidence for the existence of a separate PG1159 instability strip in the log Teff-log g diagram characterized by short-period g-modes excited by the ε-mechanism. This instability strip partially overlaps the already known GW Vir instability strip of intermediate/long-period g-modes destabilized by the classical κ-mechanism acting on the partial ionization of C and/or O in the envelope of PG1159 stars. We found that PG1159 stars characterized by thick He-rich envelopes and located inside this overlapping region could exhibit both short and intermediate/long periods simultaneously. As a natural application of our results, we study the particular case of VV 47, a pulsating planetary nebula nucleus (PG1159 type) that is particularly interesting because it has been reported to exhibit a rich and complex pulsation spectrum including a series of unusually short pulsation periods. We found that the long periods exhibited by VV 47 can be readily explained by the classical κ-mechanism, while the observed short-period branch below ≈300 s could correspond to modes triggered by the He-burning shell through the ε-mechanism, although more observational work is needed to confirm the reality of these short-period modes. Were the existence of short-period g-modes in this star convincingly confirmed by future observations, VV 47 could be the first known pulsating star in which both the κ-mechanism and the ε-mechanism of mode driving are simultaneously operating.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Superovulation and embryo quality with porcine follicle stimulation hormone (pFSH) in Katahdin hair sheep during breeding season

Estrus synchronization of 21 ewes was carried out using intravaginal sponges (60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, Sincrogest®-Sanfer, Mexico) for 14 days. 7 ewes were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments: T1, 80 mg; T2, 120 mg; T3, 140 mg of porcine follicle stimulating (pFSH) (Folltropin-p®-Bioniche, Canada) administered on day 12 after sponge insertion. The dose was divided in decreasing doses; second and third day representing 50 to 75% and 25 to 33% of the first day dose, respectively. At the beginning of superovulation treatment, each ewe received 5 mg of dinoprost tromethamine (1 ml of Lutalyse® Pfizer, Mexico). An effect of pFSH level was observed on the interval from sponge removal and the onset of estrus (REI) (P < 0.01), with a difference of 13.5 h between ewes from treatment 2 and 3. The number of follicles (F), number of collected embryos (CE) and transferable embryos (TE) (P < 0.05) was also different among treatments, with highest values observed in T3 (3.0 ± 0.6 for CE and 2.3 ± 0.5 for TE). Embryo recovery rate was in average 66.5%, (P > 0.05) of CL observed. Further investigation is guaranteed to evaluate the effect of pFSH doses on estrus synchronization for selected breeding season

Impacts of the Last Glacial Cycle on ground surface temperature reconstructions over the last millennium

Borehole temperature profiles provide robust estimates of past ground surface temperature changes, in agreement with meteorological data. Nevertheless, past climatic changes such as the Last Glacial Cycle (LGC) generated thermal effects in the subsurface that affect estimates of recent climatic change from geothermal data. We use an ensemble of ice sheet simulations spanning the last 120 ka to assess the impact of the Laurentide Ice Sheet on recent ground surface temperature histories reconstructed from borehole temperature profiles over North America. When the thermal remnants of the LGC are removed, we find larger amounts of subsurface heat storage (2.8 times) and an increased warming of the ground surface over North America by 0.75 K, both relative to uncorrected borehole estimates

Interaction Between Marine Fauna and the Small Pelagic Fishery in the Coastal Environment of the Gulf of California, Mexico

The first steps have been taken to analyze the effects of small pelagic harvests on the Gulf of California ecosystem. The primary goal of this study was to estimate the latitudinal differences in regionalized baselines of endangered and threatened marine species attracted to a purse seine in a Mexican fishery of small pelagic fish. We also analyzed the spatial patterns in fishing effort in the Gulf of California. Seven zones were analyzed in the Gulf of California, including the east and west coasts, and a total of 3,051 fishing sets were analyzed during January 2013 and July 2014; the data provided a comprehensive picture of the distribution of the fishing effort, small pelagic fishes harvested, and the presence of species attracted to the fishing sets. The region in the upper Gulf of California showed a low presence of individuals, and the east coast recorded more sightings than the west coast; consequently the fishing effort was mainly distributed in the east coast. The number of individuals for several species sighted and counted by fishing set was used for each zone in the Gulf of California, and a conservative baseline based on the Pennington estimator was computed. It provided an average value of endangered and threatened marine species attracted to a purse seine for each zone. The Pennington estimator is recommended due to the precision of the confidence intervals and the nature of the uncertainty in the data collection based on sightings