Requirement of a Plasmid-Encoded Catalase for Survival of \u3cem\u3eRhizobium etli\u3c/em\u3e CFN42 in a Polyphenol-Rich Environment

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria collectively called rhizobia are adapted to live in polyphenol-rich environments. The mechanisms that allow these bacteria to overcome toxic concentrations of plant polyphenols have not been clearly elucidated. We used a crude extract of polyphenols released from the seed coat of the black bean to simulate a polyphenol-rich environment and analyze the response of the bean-nodulating strain Rhizobium etli CFN42. Our results showed that the viability of the wild type as well as that of derivative strains cured of plasmids p42a, p42b, p42c, and p42d or lacking 200 kb of plasmid p42e was not affected in this environment. In contrast, survival of the mutant lacking plasmid p42f was severely diminished. Complementation analysis revealed that the katG gene located on this plasmid, encoding the only catalase present in this bacterium, restored full resistance to testa polyphenols. Our results indicate that oxidation of polyphenols due to interaction with bacterial cells results in the production of a high quantity of H2O2, whose removal by the katG-encoded catalase plays a key role for cell survival in a polyphenol-rich environment

Influence of lanthanum doping on the structure and transport properties of CeO2

LaxCe1-xO2-x/2 materials are oxide and/or proton conductors depending on the La-content and they are of interest for numerous electrochemical applications at high temperatures, including membranes for hydrogen separation and fuel cell electrolytes. Samples with low La-content exhibit (x0.4) crystallize with cubic fluorite type structure; while for x>0.4 the structure is still unclear. The crystal structure of these materials is still unknown, some authors reported that the materials exhibit fluorite type structure in the whole compositional range. However, another authors reported a pyrochlore type structure for x0.5. The stabilization of the fluorite or pyrochlore type structure depends mainly on the oxygen sublattice and the vacancy ordering1. In this contribution, LaxCe1-xO2-δ (0<x0.7) materials are prepared by the freeze-drying precursor method and the sintering conditions have been optimized to obtain dense ceramic samples. A complete structural characterization has been carried out by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The average structure determined by conventional XRD indicates that the materials are single fluorite compounds for x0.6. However, the local structure determined by combined electron diffraction and HRTEM is more complex. The SAED patterns reveal diffuse scatterings for x0.5 that have been associated with O-vacancy ordering, leading to a superstructure relative to a single fluorite . This finding is further confirmed by the HRTEM images in the same zone axis. Thermogravimetric and Raman analysis confirmed an increase of oxygen vacancy concentration with La-doping. The overall conductivity was determined by complex impedance spectroscopy in different atmospheres. The samples with high La-content exhibit an important proton contribution at low temperature. In addition, all samples are mixed ion-electronic conductors in hydrogen containing atmosphereUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Parametric Study of the Errors Obtained from the Measurement of the Oscillating Movement of a Bridge Using Image Processing

The movement of a pedestrian bridge retrieved by means of image processing technique has been analysed in this paper. An optical target has been attached to the deck and its oscillation has been tracked with fast cameras. The movement of the bridge has also been measured with a radar interferometer and this result has been taken as the reference signal. Using these data, a parametric study of the errors introduced by the image-based methods has been performed. The influence of some variables in the measurement error such as the distance to the target, the image size, the type of camera or the movement amplitude has been analysed for four different distances, and two types of excitations. Results show that the relative error decreases with the amplitude and the target diameter and it increases with the target distance. Additionally, the maximum relative error obtained in most of the analysed cases is below 10 %.The authors acknowledge the support of the Generalitat Valenciana through the project PROMETEO II/2015/015 and GV/2015/116 and the University of Alicante through the project GRE13-10

Diferencias en el aprendizaje según el método de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el baloncesto

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias en el aprendizaje del baloncesto enseñado bajo dos metodologías de enseñanza. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 escolares, (57.5% chicas), distribuidos en dos grupos de quinto de educación primaria. A cada grupo se le aplicó un programa de intervención, a un grupo bajo una metodología alternativa (n = 18) y a otro bajo una metodología tradicional (n = 22). Ambos programas de intervención fueron validados previamente por un panel de expertos. La codificación de las variables y el cálculo de los indicadores de aprendizaje se realizaron con el Instrumento para la Medida del Aprendizaje y el Rendimiento en Baloncesto. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los indicadores de aprendizaje, una prueba t para muestras independientes para identificar las diferencias entre programas y un ANCOVA para analizar el post-test tomando como covariable el pre-test. Los resultados muestran mejoras en ambos programas. Las puntaciones del alumnado que recibió el programa bajo una metodología alternativa fueron significativamente mayores al alumnado bajo la metodología tradicional en los indicadores de rendimiento de toma de decisión (p ≤ .01), de eficacia (p ≤ .05), e indicador de rendimiento total (p ≤ .05).The purpose of this paper was to analyse the differences learning challenges in basketball between two different teaching methods. The sample was composed by 40 students (57.5% girls). Participants were split into two groups in primary education. Each group applied one intervention program, one of this group under an alternative approach (n = 18) and the other group with traditional approach (n = 22). Both intervention programs have been validated by judgment of experts. The codification of the variables and the indicators learning ratings were conducted with the Instrument for Measuring Learning and Performance in Basketball. The results were analysed using a descriptive analysis of the indicators of learning, a t test for independent samples to identify differences between programs and an ANCOVA for post-test with the pre-test like a confounder variables. The results show improvements in both programs. The improvements of students with the alternative method was significantly higher in students than students with the traditional method in the indicators of decision making (p ≤ .01), efficacy (p ≤ .05) and overall performance indicator (p ≤ .05)

Electronic payment systems in the world and their use in ukraine

У статті розкрито сутність електронних платіжних систем, обґрунтовано переваги їх застосування у міжнародній і вітчизняній практиці, запропоновано заходи щодо поліпшення структури грошового обігу завдяки масовим безготівковим платежам із використанням електронних платіжних систем. The article reveals the essence of electronic payment systems. There are advantages of their use in international and domestic practice. We proposed measures to improve the structure of currency through massive non-cash payments using electronic payment systems

A case study: characterization of physiological, cinematic and neuromuscular demands of handball referee during competition

El presente estudio pretende conocer y caracterizar las cargas de un árbitro de Balonmano durante la competición. La muestra se compone de dos árbitros que han participado en las finales infantil y cadete de la competición regional de la Federación Extremeña de Balonmano. Se ha comparado ambos árbitros en relación a una variable de carga interna (Frecuencia Cardiaca) y dos variables de carga externa (cinemáticas y neuromusculares). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que no existen diferencias significativas entre los dos árbitros en ninguna de las variables. Se recomienda continuar con esta línea de investigación en futuras publicaciones con el fin de poder proponer futuros programas de entrenamiento individualizados.The present study aims to know and characterize performance loads of the Handball referees during the competition. Two referees who have participated in the school league of the Extremadura Handball Federation compose the sample. Both referees have been compared in relation to internal load (Heart Rate) and external load variables (kinematic and neuromuscular performance). The results show that there are no significant differences between the two referee in any variables, and allow defining the performance requirements of Handball referees. This research line should be continued in future publications to establish individualized training programs for that population.peerReviewe

A new synthetic approach to the lactol moiety of halichoblelide

A stereoselective approach to the γ-lactol moiety of halichoblelide is described starting from commercially available (R)-1-butyn-3-ol. The key step is the hydroboration of a chiral protected 1,2-butadien-3-ol and its addition to furfural

A modular, one-pot, four-component synthesis of polysubstituted 1,3-oxazolidines

4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, 1 scheme.-- PMID: 15675866 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Feb 4, 2005.Supporting information available: Spectroscopic and analytical data for compounds 3c-j.-- Available at: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jo048469qA modular, one-pot, two-step, four-component synthesis of polysubstituted 1,3-oxzolidines is described. The method comprises two linked domino processes: an organocatalyzed domino reaction of alkyl propiolate and an aliphatic aldehydes and a microwave-assisted amine addition cyclization domino process. An alternative modular, one-pot, three-step, four-component synthesis has also been developed by linking the organocatalyzed domino process to a sequential amine addition/Yb(OTf)3-catalyzed enamine cyclization reaction.This research was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (PPQ-2002-04361-C04-03). D.G.C. thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia for a FPI grant. F.G.T. and D.T. thank the Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer for financial support (ICIC-PI. No. 07/2004; ISCIII, RTICCC C03/10)

Climatic vulnerabilities and ecological preferences of soil invertebrates across biomes.

Unlike plants and vertebrates, the ecological preferences, and potential vulnerabilities of soil invertebrates to environmental change, remain poorly understood in terrestrial ecosystems globally. We conducted a cross-biome survey including 83 locations across six continents to advance our understanding of the ecological preferences and vulnerabilities of the diversity of dominant and functionally important soil invertebrate taxa, including nematodes, arachnids and rotifers. The diversity of invertebrates was analyzed through amplicon sequencing. Vegetation and climate drove the diversity and dominant taxa of soil invertebrates. Our results suggest that declines in forest cover and plant diversity, and reductions in plant production associated with increases in aridity, can result in reductions of the diversity of soil invertebrates in a drier and more managed world. We further developed global atlases of the diversity of these important soil invertebrates, which were cross-validated using an independent database. Our study advances the current knowledge of the ecological preferences and vulnerabilities of the diversity and presence of functionally important soil invertebrates in soils from across the globe. This information is fundamental for improving and prioritizing conservation efforts of soil genetic resources and management policies

Utility of Periodontal exploration in patients with Fibromyalgia

Objetive: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome with unknown etiology, which affects predominantly women. Mitochondrial alteration could have a role in the pathophysilogical mechanisms of inflammatory conditions as FM and periodontitis. The aim of the present study was assay the relationship between both diseases and mitochondrial dysfunction. Patients and methods: We study the presence of periodontitis in twelve patients diagnosed of FM and mitochondrial dysfunction described. The diagnosis of FM was established according to ACR criteria and clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Only one patients of twelve included and agreed to participate in the study were diagnosed with periodontitis. Conclusions: Pending studies with larger numbers of patients, we can conclude that mitochondrial dysfunction in FM is a itself event not related with periodontitis. Periodontitis could be considered a exclusion criterion in all studies about mitochondrial dysfunction in patient