Plan de responsabilidad empresarial – Empresa Empochiquinquira.

Plan de responsabilidad empresarial – Empresa Empochiquinquira.En la responsabilidad social es una necesidad de las organización en el mundo ya que esta práctica permite evaluar es por esto que habrá un nivel de compromiso por parte del medio ambiente y con los seres humanos, a la empresa empochiquinquira debe implementar estrategias que conlleven a la prestación de un mejor servicio basada en los Stakeholders que ocupan el total de los actores involucrados y los planes que se deben ejecutar para que se llegue a un bienestar interno y externo.Social responsibility is one of the needs of organizations in the world since this practice allows to assess the level of commitment to the environment and to human beings, the company Empochiquinquira must implement strategies that lead to the provision of a better service based in the Stakeholders that occupy the total of the actors involved and the plans that must be executed in order to achieve internal and external welfare

an individual participant data meta-analysis

Background The impact of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) on influenza-related pneumonia (IRP) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and IRP incidence and outcomes in patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection. Methods A worldwide meta- analysis of individual participant data from 20 634 hospitalised patients with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) ‘pandemic influenza’. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed IRP. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. Results Of 20 634 included participants, 5978 (29·0%) had IRP; conversely, 3349 (16·2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic pneumonia (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with IRP [adj. OR 0·83 (95% CI 0·64–1·06; P = 0·136)]. Among the 5978 patients with IRP, early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0·72 (0·44–1·17; P = 0·180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1·17 (0·71–1·92; P = 0·537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0·70 (0·55–0·88; P = 0·003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0·68 (0·54–0·85; P = 0·001)]. Conclusions Early NAI treatment of patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of IRP. However, in patients who developed IRP, early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support

Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09‐related pneumonia: an individual participant data meta‐analysis

BACKGROUND: The impact of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) on influenza‐related pneumonia (IRP) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and IRP incidence and outcomes in patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection. METHODS: A worldwide meta‐analysis of individual participant data from 20 634 hospitalised patients with laboratory‐confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) ‘pandemic influenza’. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed IRP. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Of 20 634 included participants, 5978 (29·0%) had IRP; conversely, 3349 (16·2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic pneumonia (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with IRP [adj. OR 0·83 (95% CI 0·64–1·06; P = 0·136)]. Among the 5978 patients with IRP, early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0·72 (0·44–1·17; P = 0·180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1·17 (0·71–1·92; P = 0·537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0·70 (0·55–0·88; P = 0·003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0·68 (0·54–0·85; P = 0·001)]. CONCLUSIONS: Early NAI treatment of patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of IRP. However, in patients who developed IRP, early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support

Global respiratory syncytial virus–related infant community deaths

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of pediatric death, with >99% of mortality occurring in low- and lower middle-income countries. At least half of RSV-related deaths are estimated to occur in the community, but clinical characteristics of this group of children remain poorly characterized. Methods The RSV Global Online Mortality Database (RSV GOLD), a global registry of under-5 children who have died with RSV-related illness, describes clinical characteristics of children dying of RSV through global data sharing. RSV GOLD acts as a collaborative platform for global deaths, including community mortality studies described in this supplement. We aimed to compare the age distribution of infant deaths <6 months occurring in the community with in-hospital. Results We studied 829 RSV-related deaths <1 year of age from 38 developing countries, including 166 community deaths from 12 countries. There were 629 deaths that occurred <6 months, of which 156 (25%) occurred in the community. Among infants who died before 6 months of age, median age at death in the community (1.5 months; IQR: 0.8−3.3) was lower than in-hospital (2.4 months; IQR: 1.5−4.0; P < .0001). The proportion of neonatal deaths was higher in the community (29%, 46/156) than in-hospital (12%, 57/473, P < 0.0001). Conclusions We observed that children in the community die at a younger age. We expect that maternal vaccination or immunoprophylaxis against RSV will have a larger impact on RSV-related mortality in the community than in-hospital. This case series of RSV-related community deaths, made possible through global data sharing, allowed us to assess the potential impact of future RSV vaccines

Spanish goat diets following manipulation of South Texas mixed brush

Typescript (photocopy).Forage availability and diet selection by Spanish goats were monitored seasonally from summer 1983 to spring 1984 to determine the influence of selected brush management treatments and range site on botanical composition and nutritive value of goat diets on mixed brush rangeland. Brush treatments applied in the spring 1983 to gray sandy loam and clay loam range sites included: no treatment, shredding, broadcast application of tebuthiuron pellets (2.2 kg a.i./ha), and picloram foliar sprays (1.2 kg a.e./ha). Total available forage (oven dry) varied from 900 to 2080 kg/ha during the course of study. Grasses dominated (>46%) available standing crops, especially on the chemically-treated plots. Forb production was markedly reduced on plots treated with herbicides, compared to no treatment and shredding. Proportions of available forage as browse varied from near zero to 34% depending on treatment and season. Species identified in goat diets by fragment counts included 17 shrubs and subshrubs, 14 forbs and 18 grasses. Forbs were minor contributors to composition of goat diets (50%), except in winter when freezing temperatures severely reduced availability of both browse and forbs. Diets selected on chemically-treated plots contained more grasses than those from untreated and shredded plots. Proportions of dietary grasses were inversely related to browse availability. Browse was highly preferred by goats, regardless of treatment and season, while grasses and forbs tended to be avoided on the untreated and shredded plots but were selected in proportion to their availability on chemically-treated plots. Crude protein (CP) contents of diets selected on untreated and shredded plots were consistently greater than CP contents in diets from chemically-treated plots. High CP contents were directly related to proportions of browse in diets and inversely related to proportions of grass. In contrast, dietary IVDOM varied little among treatments and seasons

Spanish goat diets following manipulation of South Texas mixed brush

Typescript (photocopy).Forage availability and diet selection by Spanish goats were monitored seasonally from summer 1983 to spring 1984 to determine the influence of selected brush management treatments and range site on botanical composition and nutritive value of goat diets on mixed brush rangeland. Brush treatments applied in the spring 1983 to gray sandy loam and clay loam range sites included: no treatment, shredding, broadcast application of tebuthiuron pellets (2.2 kg a.i./ha), and picloram foliar sprays (1.2 kg a.e./ha). Total available forage (oven dry) varied from 900 to 2080 kg/ha during the course of study. Grasses dominated (>46%) available standing crops, especially on the chemically-treated plots. Forb production was markedly reduced on plots treated with herbicides, compared to no treatment and shredding. Proportions of available forage as browse varied from near zero to 34% depending on treatment and season. Species identified in goat diets by fragment counts included 17 shrubs and subshrubs, 14 forbs and 18 grasses. Forbs were minor contributors to composition of goat diets (50%), except in winter when freezing temperatures severely reduced availability of both browse and forbs. Diets selected on chemically-treated plots contained more grasses than those from untreated and shredded plots. Proportions of dietary grasses were inversely related to browse availability. Browse was highly preferred by goats, regardless of treatment and season, while grasses and forbs tended to be avoided on the untreated and shredded plots but were selected in proportion to their availability on chemically-treated plots. Crude protein (CP) contents of diets selected on untreated and shredded plots were consistently greater than CP contents in diets from chemically-treated plots. High CP contents were directly related to proportions of browse in diets and inversely related to proportions of grass. In contrast, dietary IVDOM varied little among treatments and seasons

Diseño e implementación de un sistema automatizado con prototipo RFID controlado por la aplicación web y móvil para el acceso vehicular y seguridad del parqueadero de la U.F.P.S utilización SMART CARD

El proyecto se basa en el diseño e implementación de un prototipo de control vehícular con tecnología por aplicación web y móvil para el manejop de acceso y seguridad de las instalaciones de la UFPS utiklizando targetas smart card se utilizó RFID ya que es un sistema de almacenamiento y recuperación de datos remotos que usa dispositivos denominados etiquetasPregradoIngeniero(a) Electrónico(a

Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09‐related pneumonia: an individual participant data meta‐analysis

BACKGROUND: The impact of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) on influenza‐related pneumonia (IRP) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and IRP incidence and outcomes in patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection. METHODS: A worldwide meta‐analysis of individual participant data from 20 634 hospitalised patients with laboratory‐confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) ‘pandemic influenza’. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed IRP. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Of 20 634 included participants, 5978 (29·0%) had IRP; conversely, 3349 (16·2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic pneumonia (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with IRP [adj. OR 0·83 (95% CI 0·64–1·06; P = 0·136)]. Among the 5978 patients with IRP, early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0·72 (0·44–1·17; P = 0·180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1·17 (0·71–1·92; P = 0·537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0·70 (0·55–0·88; P = 0·003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0·68 (0·54–0·85; P = 0·001)]. CONCLUSIONS: Early NAI treatment of patients hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of IRP. However, in patients who developed IRP, early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support

Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.

BACKGROUND: Neuraminidase inhibitors were widely used during the 2009-10 influenza A H1N1 pandemic, but evidence for their effectiveness in reducing mortality is uncertain. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to investigate the association between use of neuraminidase inhibitors and mortality in patients admitted to hospital with pandemic influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection. METHODS: We assembled data for patients (all ages) admitted to hospital worldwide with laboratory confirmed or clinically diagnosed pandemic influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection. We identified potential data contributors from an earlier systematic review of reported studies addressing the same research question. In our systematic review, eligible studies were done between March 1, 2009 (Mexico), or April 1, 2009 (rest of the world), until the WHO declaration of the end of the pandemic (Aug 10, 2010); however, we continued to receive data up to March 14, 2011, from ongoing studies. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to assess the association between neuraminidase inhibitor treatment and mortality (primary outcome), adjusting for both treatment propensity and potential confounders, using generalised linear mixed modelling. We assessed the association with time to treatment using time-dependent Cox regression shared frailty modelling. FINDINGS: We included data for 29,234 patients from 78 studies of patients admitted to hospital between Jan 2, 2009, and March 14, 2011. Compared with no treatment, neuraminidase inhibitor treatment (irrespective of timing) was associated with a reduction in mortality risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0·81; 95% CI 0·70-0·93; p=0·0024). Compared with later treatment, early treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) was associated with a reduction in mortality risk (adjusted OR 0·48; 95% CI 0·41-0·56; p&lt;0·0001). Early treatment versus no treatment was also associated with a reduction in mortality (adjusted OR 0·50; 95% CI 0·37-0·67; p&lt;0·0001). These associations with reduced mortality risk were less pronounced and not significant in children. There was an increase in the mortality hazard rate with each day's delay in initiation of treatment up to day 5 as compared with treatment initiated within 2 days of symptom onset (adjusted hazard ratio [HR 1·23] [95% CI 1·18-1·28]; p&lt;0·0001 for the increasing HR with each day's delay). INTERPRETATION: We advocate early instigation of neuraminidase inhibitor treatment in adults admitted to hospital with suspected or proven influenza infection. FUNDING: F Hoffmann-La Roche