HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI TERHADAP GAYA HIDUP CLUBBING DENGAN RELIGIUSITAS PADA REMAJA DI SMA NEGERI 5 SURAKARTA

Individu yang ideal adalah individu yang dapat berhubungan secara harmonis dengan dirinya sendiri, dan secara horizontal harmonis dengan orang lain atau masyarakat, serta secara vertikal berhubungan secara harmonis dengan Tuhannya. Seseorang yang mempunyai religiusitas yang tinggi akan selalu berusaha berbuat baik dan tidak terjerumus dalam kehidupan yang negatif. Salah satu fenomena paling besar yang merupakan bagian dari gaya hidup hedonis dikalangan anak muda perkotaan adalah gaya hidup clubbing. Gaya hidup clubbing dipersepsikan secara berbeda oleh masing-masing individu. Ada yang mempersepsikan gaya hidup secara positif dan negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Hubungan antara persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing dengan religiusitas pada remaja di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. (2) Tingkat persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing dan religiusitas pada remaja di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. (3) Peran persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing terhadap religiusitas pada remaja di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. Hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu ada hubungan negatif antara persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing dengan religiusitas pada remaja di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. Artinya, subjek yang memiliki religiusitas tinggi, maka persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing semakin rendah atau negatif. Sebaliknya, semakin rendah religiusitas subjek maka persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing akan tinggi atau positif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta berjumlah 1.059 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI A1, A2, dan A3 berjumlah 78 siswa, dengan alasan dipilihnya kelas tersebut karena berdasarkan observasi dan wawancara penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa ketiga kelas tersebut termasuk kelas yang siswanya cenderung banyak melakukan kesalahan dibandingkan dengan kelas XI lainnya. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan dua skala psikologis, yaitu skala Persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing dan skala religiusitas. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi product moment. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi product momen diperoleh hasil r = -0,876 dengan p = 0,000 (p ≤ 0,01) yang berarti ada hubungan negatif yang sangat signifikan antara persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing dengan religiusitas pada remaja di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. Artinya, subjek yang memiliki religiusitas tinggi, maka persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing semakin rendah atau negatif. Sebaliknya, semakin rendah religiusitas subjek maka persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing akan tinggi atau positif. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Ada hubungan negatif yang sangat signifikan antara persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing dengan religiusitas pada remaja di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. (2) Hasil kategori persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing tergolong rendah dengan rerata empirik (ME) = 64,231dan rerata hipotetik (MH) = 85. Hasil kategori religisitas tergolong tinggi dengan rerata empirik (ME) = 115,962 dan rerata hipotetik (MH) = 90. (3) Sumbangan persepsi terhadap gaya hidup clubbing terhadap religiusitas sebesar 0,768 atau 76,8%. Hal ini berarti masih terdapat 23,2%beberapa variabel lain yang mempengaruhi religiusitas

ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN AVR (AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR) TERHADAP SISTEM EKSITASI GENERATOR PADA BTG 1 (BOILER TURBIN GENERATOR) PT. SEMEN TONASA

Abstrak: Generator sinkron bekerja dengan mengubah energi mekanis menjadi energilistrik tiga fasa. Tegangan keluaran generator harus konstan. Namun, padakenyataannya tegangan yang dihasilkan generator akan berubah akibat perubahanbeban. Untuk menjaga agar tegangan tetap konstan pada tegangan nominalnya, makadibutuhkan alat yang disebut AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator). AVR ini bekerjadengan mengatur arus eksitasi agar nilai tegangan keluaran generator konstan. Hal itusangat penting dalam menjaga tingkat stabilitas generator. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk menganalisis penggunaan AVR pada sistem eksitasi generator. Dengan metodepenelitian, mengukur parameter pada sistem eksitasi hingga tegangan keluarangenerator. Kemudian dari data-data yang diperoleh, dapat dianalisis perfoma AVRkedua generator sehingga diketahui stabilitas generator pada setiap unitnya. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa AVR pada generator 2 bekerja lebih optimaldibandingkan dengan AVR pada generator 1. Ditunjukkan dengan regulasi teganganpada generator 2 lebih rendah (0,279%) dibandingkan regulasi tegangan padagenerator 1 (0,385%). Hal ini dikarenakan AVR generator 2 menggunakan AVR barudengan tipe PRISMIC A3100 sedangkan AVR generator 1 tipe Unitrol F ABBmemiliki usia pemakaian yang lama sehingga daya gunanya pun menurun.Kata Kunci: AVR generator, Generator Sinkron, dan Sistem Eksitasi

Protein logic: a statistical mechanical study of signal integration at the single-molecule level

Information processing and decision making is based upon logic operations, which in cellular networks has been well characterized at the level of transcription. In recent years however, both experimentalists and theorists have begun to appreciate that cellular decision making can also be performed at the level of a single protein, giving rise to the notion of protein logic. Here we systematically explore protein logic using a well known statistical mechanical model. As an example system, we focus on receptors which bind either one or two ligands, and their associated dimers. Notably, we find that a single heterodimer can realize any of the 16 possible logic gates, including the XOR gate, by variation of biochemical parameters. We then introduce the novel idea that a set of receptors with fixed parameters can encode functionally unique logic gates simply by forming different dimeric combinations. An exhaustive search reveals that the simplest set of receptors (two single-ligand receptors and one double-ligand receptor) can realize several different groups of three unique gates, a result for which the parametric analysis of single receptors and dimers provides a clear interpretation. Both results underscore the surprising functional freedom readily available to cells at the single-protein level.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures and 9 pages S

Sustained epidermal growth factor receptor levels and activation by tethered ligand binding enhances osteogenic differentiation of multi-potent marrow stromal cells

Author Manuscript 2011 April 29.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling helps regulate bone development and healing through its effects on osteogenic cells. Here, we show how EGFR activity and osteogenic differentiation responses in primary human bone marrow-derived multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are influenced by presenting covalently tethered epidermal growth factor (tEGF) on the culture substratum, a presentation mode that reduces EGFR internalization and restricts signaling to the cell surface. In both absence and presence of tEGF, MSCs increase expression levels of EGFR and its heterodimerization partner HER2 during the course of osteogenic differentiation. tEGF substrata increased levels of phosphorylated EGFR and phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) compared to control substrata, and these elevations were associated with a twofold enhancement of MSC alkaline phosphatase activity at day 7 and matrix mineralization at day 21. Surprisingly, addition of soluble EGF (sEGF) to cells cultured on tEGF substrata reduces osteogenic differentiation, even though EGFR signaling is more strongly activated in acute, short-term manner by sEGF treatment than by tEGF treatment. A striking concomitant result of the sEGF effects is near-complete downregulation of EGFR and HER2, demonstrating that the tEGF/EGFR interaction is dynamically reversible even though temporally sustained. Taken together, our results show that enhanced MSC osteogenic differentiation corresponds to a sustained combination of receptor expression and ligand presentation, both of which are maintained by tEGF.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R01-GM059870-07)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R01-DE 019523-10)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant P40RR017447)United Negro College Fund (Merck Postdoctoral Fellowship)Georgia Institute of Technology (FACES Fellowship)National Center for Research Resources (U.S.) (Grant P40RR017447

Computational and Mathematical Modelling of the EGF Receptor System

This chapter gives an overview of computational and mathematical modelling of the EGF receptor system. It begins with a survey of motivations for producing such models, then describes the main approaches that are taken to carrying out such modelling, viz. differential equations and individual-based modelling. Finally, a number of projects that applying modelling and simulation techniques to various aspects of the EGF receptor system are described

Speeding up systems biology simulations of biochemical pathways using condor

This is the accepted version of the following article: Speeding up Systems Biology Simulations of Biochemical Pathways using Condor". Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience Volume 26, Issue 17, pages 2727–2742, 10 December 2014 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpe.3161/abstractSystems biology is a scientific field that uses computational modelling to study biological and biochemical systems. The simulation and analysis of models of these systems typically explore behaviour over a wide range of parameter values; as such, they are usually characterised by the need for nontrivial amounts of computing power. Grid computing provides access to such computational resources. In previous research, we created the grid-enabled biochemical networks simulation environment to attempt to speed up system biology simulations over a grid (the UK National Grid Service and ScotGrid). Following on from this work, we have created the simulation modelling of the epidermal growth factor receptor microtubule-associated protein kinase pathway utility, a standalone simulation tool dedicated to the modelling and analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptor microtubule-associated protein kinase pathway. This builds on experiences from biochemical networks simulation environment by decoupling the simulation modelling elements from the Grid middleware. This new utility enables us to interface with different grid technologies. This paper therefore describes the new SIMAP utility and an empirical investigation of its performance when deployed over a desktop grid based on the high throughput computing middleware Condor. We present our results based on a case study with a model of the mammalian ErbB signalling pathway, a pathway strongly linked to cance

Tailoring Chimeric Ligands for Studying and Biasing ErbB Receptor Family Interactions

Described is the development and application of a versatile semisynthetic strategy, based on a combination of sortase-mediated coupling and tetrazine ligation chemistry, which can be exploited for the efficient incorporation of tunable functionality into chimeric recombinant proteins. To demonstrate the scope of the method, the assembly of a set of bivalent ligands, which integrate members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand family, is described. By using a series of bivalent EGFs with variable intraligand spacing, the differences in structure were correlated with the ability to bias signaling in the ErbB receptor family in a cell motility assay. Biasing away from EGFR-HER2 dimerization with a bivalent EGF was observed to reduce cell motility in an intraligand distance-dependent fashion, thus demonstrating the utility of the approach for acutely perturbing receptor-mediated cell signaling pathways.National Cancer Institute (U.S.). Integrative Cancer Biology Program (Grant U54-CA112967)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (R01DE019523-13)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computational and Systems Biology Program. MIT-Merck Postdoctoral FellowshipSwiss National Science Foundation (Postdoctoral Fellowship)National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Training Grant in Environmental Toxicology 5-T32-ES007020