Оценка индекса коморбидности у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов до начала АРТ

The purpose of the study: To evaluate comorbid conditions in patients with HIV-infection.Materials and methods. The study included 779 HIV-infected patients, over 18 years old, identified in different years before the start of ART, who are on dispensary registration at the republican center for combating AIDS, were examined. The analysis of the age structure, the stage of HIV infection of patients and the analysis of the comorbidity index (CI) depending on the age and the number of CD4 lymphocytes before the start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) were conducted. The main predominant secondary and concomitant diseases were identified. CI of patients were evaluated by using the Charlson index to assess the long-term prognosis of patients.As a result of the study, it was revealed that the majority of patients had comorbid diseases (82%), which is associated with high CI. High CI was detected as increasing patients` age (CI 6 or more in 85% of patients over 60 years of age). However, 59.25% of patients under 40 years had CI 6 or more points, which was associated with a poor prognosis of life.Цель: оценить коморбидные состояния у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией.Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 779 ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов старше 18 лет, выявленных в разные годы до начала антиретровирусной терапии, находящихся на диспансерном учете в Республиканском центре по борьбе со СПИД. Проведен анализ возрастной структуры пациентов и стадии ВИЧ-инфекции, анализ индекса коморбидности в зависимости от возраста и количества СD4-лимфоцитов до начала антиретровирусной терапии, выявлены основные преобладающие вторичные и сопутствующих заболевания. Индексом коморбидности пациентов оценивали с помощью индекса Charlson для оценки отдаленного прогноза больных.В результате исследования было выявлено, что большинство пациентов имели коморбидные заболевания (82%), что ассоциировано с высоким индексом коморбидности. Высокий индекс коморбидности был выявлен по мере повышения возраста пациентов (индекс коморбидности 6 и более у 85% пациентов старше 60 лет). Среди пациентов младше 40 лет у 59,25% был также выявлен индекс коморбидности 6 и более баллов, что ассоциировалось с плохим прогнозом жизни

Linking a European cohort of children born with congenital anomalies to vital statistics and mortality records: A EUROlinkCAT study.

EUROCAT is a European network of population-based congenital anomaly (CA) registries. Twenty-one registries agreed to participate in the EUROlinkCAT study to determine if reliable information on the survival of children born with a major CA between 1995 and 2014 can be obtained through linkage to national vital statistics or mortality records. Live birth children with a CA could be linked using personal identifiers to either their national vital statistics (including birth records, death records, hospital records) or to mortality records only, depending on the data available within each region. In total, 18 of 21 registries with data on 192,862 children born with congenital anomalies participated in the study. One registry was unable to get ethical approval to participate and linkage was not possible for two registries due to local reasons. Eleven registries linked to vital statistics and seven registries linked to mortality records only; one of the latter only had identification numbers for 78% of cases, hence it was excluded from further analysis. For registries linking to vital statistics: six linked over 95% of their cases for all years and five were unable to link at least 85% of all live born CA children in the earlier years of the study. No estimate of linkage success could be calculated for registries linking to mortality records. Irrespective of linkage method, deaths that occurred during the first week of life were over three times less likely to be linked compared to deaths occurring after the first week of life. Linkage to vital statistics can provide accurate estimates of survival of children with CAs in some European countries. Bias arises when linkage is not successful, as early neonatal deaths were less likely to be linked. Linkage to mortality records only cannot be recommended, as linkage quality, and hence bias, cannot be assessed

Experience and Prospects of Distance Learning at MIEL ISU

В статье рассматривается опыт быстрого и эффективного перехода на дистанционное обучение в МИЭЛ ИГУ. Описаны типичные проблемы и недостатки этой формы работы, предложены и обоснованы пути их решения.The article discusses the experience of a quick and effective transition to distance learning at MIEL ISU. Typical problems and disadvantages of this form of work are described, ways of their solution are proposed and substantiated

HERPESVIRAL INFECTIONS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS (Overview)

With the progression of HIV infection, opportunistic infections join. A special place in the structure of opportunistic infections is occupied by herpesvirus infections, which manifest themselves in an immunodeficient state with various clinical, manifestations, affecting many organs and tissues, worsening the quality of life of HIV- infected patients

Folipidine, a new type quinoline alkaloid from plants of the Haplophyllum genus

The new quinoline alkaloid folipidine, the structure of which was established by chemical transformations and spectral data (UV, IR, mass, NMR) using APT 2D H-1-H-1 COSY, NOESY, and H-1-(13)CHSQC, HMBC, was isolated from two plants of the Haplophyllum mints. Folipidine is the first representative of a new type of quinoline alkaloids that contain a heteroaromatic skeleton of [3,4-b]conjugated pyrrole and quinoline fragments. The total alkaloids of these plants exhibit antitumor activity. Folipidine does not possess such activity

HIV ASSOCIATED TUBERCULOSIS (Overview)

The literature review highlights the current epidemiological situation of HIV and tuberculosis co-infection in the world and in Uzbekistan. The literature data on the development of various forms of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients, clinical manifestations of tuberculosis, peculiarities of the course, diagnosis and prevention are presented

Prevalence and Predictors of Maternal Alcohol Consumption in 2 Regions of Ukraine

BackgroundFetal alcohol spectrum disorders are thought to be a leading cause of developmental disabilities worldwide. However, data are lacking on alcohol use among pregnant women in many countries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of alcohol consumption by pregnant women in Ukraine.MethodsCross-sectional screening of pregnant women was conducted in 2 regions of Ukraine during the recruitment phase of an ongoing clinical study that is part of the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Women attending a routine prenatal visit at 1 of 2 participating regional centers were asked about alcohol consumption. Quantity and frequency of alcoholic beverages consumed in the month around conception and in the most recent month of pregnancy were measured using a standard interview instrument.ResultsBetween 2007 and 2012, 11,909 pregnant women were screened on average in the second trimester of pregnancy. Of these, 92.7% reported being ever-drinkers. Among ever-drinkers, 54.8% reported drinking alcohol in the month around conception and 12.9% consumed at least 3 drinks on at least 1 day in that time period. In the most recent month of pregnancy, 46.3% continued to report alcohol use and 9.2% consumed at least 3 drinks per day. Significant predictors of average number of drinks or heavier drinking per day in either time period in pregnancy included lower gravidity, being single, unmarried/living with a partner, or separated, lower maternal education, smoking, younger age at initiation of drinking, and higher score on the TWEAK screening test for harmful drinking.ConclusionsThese findings support the need for education/intervention in women of childbearing age in Ukraine and can help inform targeted interventions for women at risk of an alcohol-exposed pregnancy. The initiation of a standard screening protocol in pregnancy is a step in the right direction

Diabetic cervicobrachial radiculoplexopathy

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) damage is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. There may be different PNS damage types that differ in clinical symptoms and pathogenesis. A clinical case of diabetic cervicobrachial radiculoplexopathy is presented for the first time in Russia. The paper discusses the clinical features of this type versus diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexopathy, instrumental diagnosis of diabetic radiculoplexopathies, pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease, and treatment approaches. It shows the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in a patient with diabetic radiculoplexopathy