The system of higher education: fields and practices (on the based of in-depth interviews of students)

The paper deals with the effort to learn the professional self-determination as a system of practices in the space of higher education. The author refers to the idea of “the practice turn” in the methodology of social sciences, on the based the example of the practice theory by Bourdieu, and suggests allocating several related fields in the social and cultural environment of higher school. These fields may reflect some essential elements of a professional choice.В работе представлена попытка рассмотрения профессионального самоопределения как системы практик, происходящих в пространстве высшего образования. Обращаясь к идее практического поворота («practice turn») в методологии общественных наук на примере теории полей и практик П. Бурдье, автор предлагает выделять в социокультурном пространстве вуза несколько взаимосвязанных полей, в каждом из которых могут проявляться существенные элементы профессионального выбора

To the question of correcting the notion “professional self-determination” in the frame of theory ‘s practice

Article is devoted to theoretical issues related to the use of the concept of professional self-determination. The author considers the prevailing in Soviet sociology approach to the definition of the professional self-determination, and identifies the problematic aspects of its using in methodological and practical plan. As a possible way of their permission the author addresses the methodological principles of the theory of practice, allows us to consider the professional choice as a holistic socio-cultural institution.Статья посвящена рассмотрению теоретических вопросов, связанных с использованием понятия профессионального самоопределения. Автором рассматривается сложившийся в советской социологии подход к определению профессионального самоопределения, а также указываются проблемные моменты его использования методологического и практического плана. В качестве возможного пути их разрешения автор обращается к методологическим принципам теории практик, позволяющим рассмотреть профессиональный выбор как целостный социокультурный институт

Investigation of the magnetostatic and intergrain exchange interaction influence on the hysteresis properties of nanostructured Nd-Fe-B alloys

В данном отчете рассмотрено влияние межзеренного обменного и магнитостатического взаимодействий на гистерезисные магнитные свойства быстрозакаленных сплавов системы Nd-Fe-B вблизи стехиометрического состава фазы Nd2Fe14B. Установлено влияние внешнего размагничивающего фактора на зависимость Келли. Установлена связь значения (δm)max с энергией межзеренного обменного взаимодействия в наноструктурированных сплавах системы Nd-Fe-B. Определен вид аналитической зависимости (δm)max(KМОВ).The influence of intergrain exchange and magnetostatic interactions on the magnetic hysteresis properties of the Nd-Fe-B system rapidly quenched alloys near the phase Nd2Fe14B composition is reported. The influence of external demagnetization factor on the Kelly`s plot is determined. The correlation between the values of (δm)max with the intergrain interaction energy in nanostructured alloys of the Nd-Fe-B system. The form of the analytical relation (δm)max(KIEI) is depended.Программа развития УрФУ на 2013 год (п.2.1.1.1

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of (MnCo)1-xGe compounds

The crystal structure, magnetic properties, and heat capacity of the (MnCo)1-xGe compounds with x ≤ 0.05 have been studied. It was found that, as the deviation from the MnCoGe stoichiometric composition increases, the temperature of structural transition from the low-temperature phase with the orthorhombic TiNiSi-type structure to the high-temperature phase with the hexagonal Ni2In-type phase decreases rapidly, whereas the magnetic ordering temperature varies slightly. The temperature of structural transition for the composition with x = 0.02 approximately coincides with the Curie temperature of the hexagonal phase, and the transition is accompanied by a significant entropy change, namely, ΔS = 34 J/(kg K). The application of high magnetic field in the transition-temperature range causes an increase in the relative volume of the orthorhombic phase. An analysis of magnetocaloric properties of these compounds, which was performed with the formal application of the Maxwell's relationship near the temperature of first-order structural phase transition, is shown to give overestimated values of the entropy change. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2013

Microtesla MRI of the human brain combined with MEG

One of the challenges in functional brain imaging is integration of complementary imaging modalities, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MEG, which uses highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) to directly measure magnetic fields of neuronal currents, cannot be combined with conventional high-field MRI in a single instrument. Indirect matching of MEG and MRI data leads to significant co-registration errors. A recently proposed imaging method - SQUID-based microtesla MRI - can be naturally combined with MEG in the same system to directly provide structural maps for MEG-localized sources. It enables easy and accurate integration of MEG and MRI/fMRI, because microtesla MR images can be precisely matched to structural images provided by high-field MRI and other techniques. Here we report the first images of the human brain by microtesla MRI, together with auditory MEG (functional) data, recorded using the same seven-channel SQUID system during the same imaging session. The images were acquired at 46 microtesla measurement field with pre-polarization at 30 mT. We also estimated transverse relaxation times for different tissues at microtesla fields. Our results demonstrate feasibility and potential of human brain imaging by microtesla MRI. They also show that two new types of imaging equipment - low-cost systems for anatomical MRI of the human brain at microtesla fields, and more advanced instruments for combined functional (MEG) and structural (microtesla MRI) brain imaging - are practical.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures - accepted by JM

Russian Early Symbolist Prose and Britain Modernists. F. Sologub and K. Mansfield

The problem of foreign culture reception of prosaic texts served in the early symbolic discourse of Russian literature is considered. They are clearly common and the possibility of this discourse`s influence on representatives of English literary tradition of the first decades of the 20th century. The relevance of the research is due to a continued dispute about the significance of Russian literature as a part of world culture. The novelty of the research is due to address the period of becoming modernism as Art system. "New art" reopened many subjects and motives (childhood, freaks, evil attractiveness, aesthetics of death). Its pattern of transition from typing to symbolism reflected the dynamic of the artistic process in the common cultural space in the conditions of intensive globalization. The results of a comparative analysis of the stories of F. Sologub and K. Mansfield are presented. The necessity of addressing to these materials during the teaching in the philological audience is substantiatedРассмотрен вопрос инокультурной рецепции прозаических текстов, входящих в раннесимволистский дискурс русской литературы, и возможность его влияния на представителей английской литературной традиции начала XX в., что говорит о значении русской литературы как части мировой культуры. Показаны становление модернизма как художественной системы, его темы и мотивы (детство, странные люди, притягательность зла, эстетизация смерти), а также принцип ухода от типизации к символичности в условиях интенсивной глобализации. Представлены результаты сопоставительного анализа рассказов Ф. Сологуба и К. Мэнсфилд, обоснована необходимость обращения к данным материалам в процессе преподавания в иностранной филологической аудитори

SQUID-based microtesla MRI for in vivo relaxometry of the human brain

SQUID-based MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) at microtesla fields has developed significantly over the past few years. Here we describe application of this method for magnetic relaxation measurements in the living human brain. We report values of the longitudinal relaxation time T1 for brain tissues, measured in vivo for the first time at microtesla fields. The experiments were performed at 46 microtesla field using a seven-channel SQUID system designed for microtesla MRI and MEG. Values of T1, measured for different tissues at this field, are found to be close (within 5%) to the corresponding values of the transverse relaxation time T2 at the same field. Implications of this result for imaging contrast in microtesla MRI are discussed.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of 2008 Applied Superconductivity Conferenc

Dimerization and low-dimensional magnetism in nanocrystalline TiO2 semiconductors doped by Fe and Co

The report is devoted to an analysis of the structural and magnetic state of the nanocrystalline diluted magnetic semiconductors based on TiO2 doped with Fe and Co atoms. Structural and magnetic characterization of samples was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Analysis of the experimental data suggests the presence of non-interacting paramagnetic Fe3+ and Co2+ ions in the high-spin state and negative exchange interactions between them. The important conclusions is that the distribution of dopants in the TiO2 matrix, even at low concentrations of 3d-metal dopant (less than one percent), is not random, but the 3d ions localization and dimerization is observed both on the surface and in the nanoparticles core. Thus, in the paper the quantum mechanical model for describing the magnetic properties of TiO2:(Fe, Co) was suggested. The model operates only with two parameters: paramagnetic contribution of non-interacting 3d-ions and dimers having different exchange interactions between 3d magnetic carriers. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Features of Magnetocaloric Effect in Er(Co-Fe)2 Laves Phases

In this work the results of measurements of heat capacity (CP) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in Er(Co1-хFeх)2 system in the concentration range 0.07 ≤ x ≤ 0.80 are presented. Phase composition was controlled by X-ray difraction analysis. Heat capacity was measured in the temperature range 77-320 K. MCE has been studied within the temperature range 5-670 K in magnetic fields up to 70 kOe. It was found that Fe concentration increase caused the table-like (plateau) MCE temperature dependence for both magnetic entropy change date and direct ∆T-effect measurements independently on Fe concentration. The possible reasons of such behavior are discussed