Toward a common approach for assessing the conservation status of marine turtle species within the European marine strategy framework directive

[EN] Environmental policies, including the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), generally rely on the measurement of indicators to assess the good environmental status (GES) and ensure the protection of marine ecosystems. However, depending on available scientific knowledge and monitoring programs in place, quantitative GES assessments are not always feasible. This is specifically the case for marine turtle species, which are listed under the Biodiversity Descriptor of the MSFD. Relying on an expert consultation, the goal of this study was to develop indicators and a common assessment approach to be employed by European Union Member States to evaluate the status of marine turtle populations in the frame of the MSFD. A dedicated international expert group was created to explore and test potential assessment approaches, in coherence with other environmental policies (i.e. Habitats Directive, OSPAR and Barcelona Conventions). Following a series of workshops, the group provided recommendations for the GES assessment of marine turtles. In particular, indicators and assessment methods were defined, setting a solid basis for future MSFD assessments. Although knowledge gaps remain, data requirements identified in this study will guide future data collection initiatives and inform monitoring programs implemented by EU Member States. Overall this study highlights the value of international collaboration for the conservation of vulnerable species, such as marine turtles.This study was funded by the French Ministry of Environment (MTES-MNHN Conventions n degrees 2102636187 (2019) and n degrees 2102994526 (2020)). DM acknowledges support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement n degrees 794938. The work of ADM was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the "First Call for H.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant" (Project Number: 2340). FV was supported by the Investigator Programme of the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT, CEECIND/03469/2017, CEECIND/03426/2020).Girard, F.; Girard, A.; Monsinjon, J.; Arcangeli, A.; Belda, E.; Cardona, L.; Casale, P.... (2022). Toward a common approach for assessing the conservation status of marine turtle species within the European marine strategy framework directive. Frontiers in Marine Science. 9:1-22. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.790733122

Platinum Complexes with a Phosphino-Oxime/Oximate Ligand

The platinum(II) complex [PtCl2(COD)] (2; COD = 1,5- cyclooctadiene) reacted with 1 and 2 equiv. of 2-(diphenylphosphanyl) benzaldehyde oxime (1) to generate [PtCl2{¿2-(P,N)-2- Ph2PC6H4CH=NOH}] (3) and [Pt{¿2-(P,N)-2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NOH}2]- [Cl]2 (4), respectively. Deprotonation of the oxime hydroxyl group of 3 with Na2CO3 led to the selective formation of the dinuclear species (¿-O)-[PtCl{¿2-(P,N)-2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NO}]2 (5), while the related methylated derivative (¿-O)-[PtMe{¿2-(P,N)-2- Ph2PC6H4CH=NO}]2 (7) could be obtained from the direct reaction of [PtMe2(COD)] (6) with the phosphino-oxime ligand 1. In the case of 4, its treatment with Na2CO3 yielded complex [Pt({¿2-(P,N)-2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NO}2H)][Cl] (8), as a result of the deprotonation of only one of the OH groups of 4. On the other hand, contrary to what was observed with 6, no deprotonation of the oxime occurred in the reaction of [PtMe3I]4 (9) with 1, from which the mononuclear PtIV derivative fac-[PtIMe3{¿2-(P,N)- 2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NOH}] (10) was isolated. The solid-state structures of compounds 3, 4, 7 and 10 were determined by X-ray crystallography. In addition, the potential of all the synthesized complexes as catalysts for the dehydrogenative coupling of hydrosilanes with alcohols is also briefly discussed.Peer Reviewe

Physiological response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under salinity conditions

Objective: The effect of salinity by NaCl based on physiological variables of chickpea plants was evaluated with the use of native strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus cubensis and Rizoglomus irregulare during the pre-flowering phenophase. Design/methodology/approach: The research was carried out under controlled environmental conditions, using as an experimental model the chickpea variety N-29, obtained at INIFAT, Cuba. The treatments consist of the combination of three salinity levels: 25, 50 and 75 mM of NaCl and the respective control (Source of variation A) and two strains of AMFs (source of variation B) for a total of 12 treatments with six repetitions. Treatments were distributed under a completely randomized experimental design. The variables evaluated were: number of green and dry leaves, biomass by organs (leaves, stem, root), net assimilation rate (TAN), relative growth rate (TCR) and leaf area ratio (RAF). Results: Green leaves, TAN and leaf and root biomass were the variables with the highest response in the 50 mM NaCl + R. irregulare treatment, with an average increase of 15% compared to the rest of the treatments. Limitations on study/implications: There is a decrease in the variables evaluated due to the salinity effect, however, chickpea plants subjected to 50 mM NaCl inoculated with R. irregulare were less affected by saline stress. Findings/conclusions: It was also found that the R. irregulare strain contributed more than G. cubense to mitigating the adverse effects of the salinity factor.Objective. Evaluate the effect of salinity due to NaCl on physiological variables of chickpea plants using native strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus cubensis and Rhizoglomus irregulare during the pre-flowering stage. Design/methodology/approach. The research was carried out under controlled weather conditions using the chickpea variety N-29 as an experimental model. The treatments consisted on the combination of four salinity levels: 0, 25, 50 and 75 mM NaCl (variation source A) and AMF (variation source B) in three levels. In total there were 12 treatments with six repetitions, which were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design. The evaluated variables were number of green and dry leaves, dry biomass per organ (leaves, root and stem), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and leaf area ratio (LAR). Results. The green leaves, the NAR and the dry biomass from roots and leaves, were the variables with the greatest response in the 50 mM NaCl + R. irregulare treatment, with an average increase of 15% with respect to the rest of the treatments. Limitations/implications. A decrease on the evaluated variables was observed due to the salinity effect; however, chickpea plants subjected to NaCl 50 mM inoculated with R. irregulare were less affected by salt stress. Findings/conclusions. The R. irregulare strain was found to contribute more than the G. cubensis to the mitigation of the adverse effects from the salinity factor

Gold(I) Fluorohalides: Theory and Experiment

The anionic trifluoromethylgold(I) derivatives [CF3AuX]−, which have been prepared and isolated as their [PPh4]+ salts in good yield, undergo thermally induced difluorocarbene extrusion in the gas phase, giving rise to the mixed gold(I) fluorohalide complexes [F−Au−X]− (X=Cl, Br, I). These triatomic species have been detected by tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) experiments and their properties have been analyzed by DFT methods. The CF2 extrusion mechanism from the Au−CF3 moiety serves as a model for the CF2 insertion into the Au−F bond, since both reactivity channels are connected by the microreversibility principle

Biological Activities of Polyphenols from Grapes

The dietary consumption of grape and its products is associated with a lower incidence of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancers. Most recent interest has focused on the bioactive phenolic compounds in grape. Anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols and resveratrol are the most important grape polyphenols because they possess many biological activities, such as antioxidant, cardioprotective, anticancer, anti-inflammation, antiaging and antimicrobial properties. This review summarizes current knowledge on the bioactivities of grape phenolics. The extraction, isolation and identification methods of polyphenols from grape as well as their bioavailability and potential toxicity also are included

Differential cross-section measurements of the production of four charged leptons in association with two jets using the ATLAS detector

Differential cross-sections are measured for the production of four charged leptons in association with two jets. These measurements are sensitive to final states in which the jets are produced via the strong interaction as well as to the purely-electroweak vector boson scattering process. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by ATLAS at √s = 13 TeV and with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. The data are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution and are compared to state-of-the-art Monte Carlo event generator predictions. The differential cross-sections are used to search for anomalous weak-boson self-interactions that are induced by dimension-six and dimension-eight operators in Standard Model effective field theory

HBIM and digital documentation for development reliable parametric models on complex systems

The model construction, which is not a simple skeleton of geometric shapes, as a structured system of information, is a particularly useful tool for the management of the complex systems of Cultural Heritage. These tools improve the accessibility to the complex systems, according to different interconnection channels. Cultural heritage has become an open-data access database of information ordered within a structured network of metadata.These kinds of files create a complex database. Through the digital survey, heritage became a 3D model that describes cultural systems as a union of languages, signs, and symbols. The contribution presents some methodological research experiences on monumental digital documentation carried out by DAda-LAB laboratory, of the Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture of the University of Pavia, on two different museum systems: the bath of the mosque, a portion of the monumental complex of the Alhambra in Granada (Spain), and the Historical Central building of University of Pavia (Italy). From this research, two H-BIM models were obtained built on the basis of the metric data of the digital survey with the aim of investigating the different possibilities of using this type of models from the management of the assets to the use of digitized spaces