The benefits of social sustainability reporting for companies and stakeholders :evidence from the German chemical industry

Companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities respond to the increasing expectations of society. One of the three dimensions of sustainability, also known as the triple bottom line, is social sustainability. Compared to economic and environmental sustainability, the social dimension is often neglected by companies. Especially actors in the chemical industry are having a great social responsibility and are thus constantly monitored with regard to their activities and performance. Consequently, the firms need to care for their ocial sustainability in order to secure their license to operate. This study therefore aims at identifying the current state of social sustainability reporting within chemical companies in Germany. A data set of 14 CSR reports is tested regarding the use and fulfillment of the Global Reporting Initiative’s (GRI) guidelines and indicators regarding social aspects. The results clearly indicate that social sustainability reporting is handled quite diverse concerning structure and extent among the analyzed companies. The study concludes with recommendations of how to improve the comparability of social sustainability reporting for internal and external use

Evaluación del uso racional de antibióticos en pacientes con infecciones respiratorias agudas del área de emergencia del Hospital Básico Yerovi Mackuart, Salcedo – Cotopaxi

La investigación tuvo como finalidad evaluar el uso racional de antibióticos en pacientes con infecciones respiratorias agudas del área de emergencia del Hospital Básico Yerovi Mackuart, Salcedo - Cotopaxi, durante el periodo enero-marzo 2020, mediante un estudio de tipo no experimental, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, revisando información correspondiente al formulario 008 de emergencia en conjunto con recetas médicas, registrando a 313 pacientes pediátricos de 0 a 6 años, que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, se diseñó una ficha de recolección de datos utilizando Microsoft Excel y software estadístico SPSS para tabulación y análisis. Se considero tanto la: indicación del antibiótico, dosis-frecuencia y tiempo de administración en base al protocolo terapéutico del Ministerio de Salud Pública; para catalogar las sospechas de resultados negativos asociados a los medicamentos (RNM), el Tercer Conceso de Granada. En los resultados se observó que el 71,6% de la población era correspondiente a preescolares de 2 a 6 años, las infecciones respiratorias agudas altas fueron de mayor frecuencia, en contraste con las bajas; siendo la rinofaringitis aguda (34,5%), amigdalitis aguda (28,1%) y faringitis aguda (22,4%). Los antibióticos de mayor rotación fueron: la amoxicilina (54,1%), amoxicilina + ac. clavulánico (33,7%) y claritromicina (6,8%) además en las prescripciones se registró el uso de medicamentos para el control de síntomas siendo el ibuprofeno (41,7%) y paracetamol (40,7%) los principales. El 77% de las prescripciones fueron adecuadas, mientras que el 23% fueron inadecuadas, de estas se identificó 77 sospechas de resultados negativos asociados al uso de antibióticos, la más frecuente fue el RNM de inseguridad cuantitativa (59,7%), seguido del RNM de efecto de medicamento innecesario (36,4%) y RNM de inefectividad cuantitativa (3,9%). Se recomienda disminuir el uso de antibióticos para evitar resistencias bacterianas y evitar la prescripción en patologías que no lo ameritan basándose en la etiología.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rational use of antibiotics in patients with acute respiratory infections in the emergency area of the Hospital Básico Yerovi Mackuart. Salcedo - Cotopaxi, during the period January-March 2020, by means of a nonexperimental, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. descriptive, crosssectional and retrospective study, reviewing information corresponding to the emergency form 008 together with medical prescriptions, registering 313 paediatric patients from 0 to 6 years of age. patients aged 0 to 6 years, who met the inclusion criteria a data collection form was designed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS statistical software for tabulation and analysis. The following were considered: antibiotic indication, dose-frequency and time of administration based on the therapeutic protocol of the Ministerio de Salud based on the therapeutic protocol of the Ministerio de Salud Pùblica; to catalogue the suspicions of negative results associated the Tercer Conceso de Granada for the cataloguing of suspected negative results associated with drugs (RNM). In the results showed that 71.6% of the population corresponded to pre-schoolers aged 2 to 6 years, and that upper respiratory infections were more frequent, in contrast to lower respiratory infections; these were acute rhinopharyngitis (34.5%), acute tonsillitis (28.1%) and acute pharyngitis (22.4%). The antibiotics with the highest rotation were: amoxicillin (54.1%), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (33.7%) and clarithromycin (6.5%). and clarithromycin (6.8%). In addition, the use of drugs for symptom control was recorded in the prescriptions, with ibuprofen being the most common. control of symptoms, with ibuprofen (41.7%) and paracetamol (40.7%) being the main drugs used. Seventy-seven percent of the prescriptions were adequate, while 23% were inadequate. 77 suspected negative results associated with the use of antibiotics were identified, the most frequent being the RNM of quantitative insecurity (59.7%), followed by RNM of unnecessary drug effect (36.4%), and quantitative ineffectiveness (3.9%). It is recommended to reduce the use of antibiotics in order to avoid bacterial resistance and to avoid prescribing antibiotics in pathologies that do not warrant it is based on the aetiology

ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science case, baseline design and path to construction

Ground-based and airborne instrumentation for astronomy IX (2022), Montreal, JUL 17-22, 2022.--Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering vol. 12184 Article number 1218424.-- Complete list of authors: Marconi, A.; Abreu, M.; Adibekyan, V.; Alberti, V.; Albrecht, S.; Alcaniz, J.; Aliverti, M.; Allende Prieto, C.; Gomez, J. D. Alvarado; Amado, P. J.; Amate, M.; Andersen, M. I.; Artigau, E.; Baker, C.; Baldini, V.; Balestra, A.; Barnes, S. A.; Baron, F.; Barros, S. C. C.; Bauer, S. M.; Beaulieu, M.; Bellido-Tirado, O.; Benneke, B.; Bensby, T.; Bergin, E. A.; Biazzo, K.; Bik, A.; Birkby, J. L.; Blind, N.; Boisse, I.; Bolmont, E.; Bonaglia, M.; Bonfils, X.; Borsa, F.; Brandeker, A.; Brandner, W.; Broeg, C. H.; Brogi, M.; Brousseau, D.; Brucalassi, A.; Brynnel, J.; Buchhave, L. A.; Buscher, D. F.; Cabral, A.; Calderone, G.; Calvo-Ortega, R.; Cantalloube, F.; Canto Martins, B. L.; Carbonaro, L.; Chauvin, G.; Chazelas, B.; Cheffot, A. -L.; Cheng, Y. S.; Chiavassa, A.; Christensen, L.; Cirami, R.; Cook, N. J.; Cooke, R. J.; Coretti, I.; Covino, S.; Cowan, N.; Cresci, G.; Cristiani, S.; Cunha Parro, V.; Cupani, G.; D'Odorico, V.; de Castro Leao, I.; De Cia, A.; De Medeiros, J. R.; Debras, F.; Debus, M.; Demangeon, O.; Dessauges-Zavadsky, M.; Di Marcantonio, P.; Dionies, F.; Doyon, R.; Dunn, J.; Ehrenreich, D.; Faria, J. P.; Feruglio, C.; Fisher, M.; Fontana, A.; Fumagalli, M.; Fusco, T.; Fynbo, J.; Gabella, O.; Gaessler, W.; Gallo, E.; Gao, X.; Genolet, L.; Genoni, M.; Giacobbe, P.; Giro, E.; Goncalves, R. S.; Gonzalez, O. A.; Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I.; Gracia Temich, F.; Haehnelt, M. G.; Haniff, C.; Hatzes, A.; Helled, R.; Hoeijmakers, H. J.; Huke, P.; Jaervinen, A. S.; Jaervinen, S. P.; Kaminski, A.; Korn, A. J.; Kouach, D.; Kowzan, G.; Kreidberg, L.; Landoni, M.; Lanotte, A.; Lavail, A.; Li, J.; Liske, J.; Lovis, C.; Lucatello, S.; Lunney, D.; MacIntosh, M. J.; Madhusudhan, N.; Magrini, L.; Maiolino, R.; Malo, L.; Man, A. W. S.; Marquart, T.; Marques, E. L.; Martins, C. J. A. P.; Martins, A. M.; Maslowski, P.; Mason, E.; Mason, C. A.; McCracken, R. A.; Mergo, P.; Micela, G.; Mitchell, T.; Molliere, P.; Monteiro, M. A.; Montgomery, D.; Mordasini, C.; Morin, J.; Mucciarelli, A.; Murphy, M. T.; N'Diaye, M.; Neichel, B.; Niedzielski, A. T.; Niemczura, E.; Nortmann, L.; Noterdaeme, P.; Nunes, N. J.; Oggioni, L.; Oliva, E.; Onel, H.; Origlia, L.; Ostlin, G.; Palle, E.; Papaderos, P.; Pariani, G.; Penate Castro, J.; Pepe, F.; Levasseur, L. Perreault; Petit, P.; Pino, L.; Piqueras, J.; Pollo, A.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Quirrenbach, A.; Rauscher, E.; Rebolo, R.; Redaelli, E. M. A.; Reffert, S.; Reid, D. T.; Reiners, A.; Richter, P.; Riva, M.; Rivoire, S.; Rodriguez-Lopez, C.; Roederer, I. U.; Romano, D.; Rousseau, S.; Rowe, J.; Salvadori, S.; Sanna, N.; Santos, N. C.; Diaz, P. Santos; Sanz-Forcada, J.; Sarajlic, M.; Sauvage, J. -F.; Schaefer, S.; Schiavon, R. P.; Schmidt, T. M.; Selmi, C.; Sivanandam, S.; Sordet, M.; Sordo, R.; Sortino, F.; Sosnowska, D.; Sousa, S. G.; Stempels, E.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Suarez Mascareno, A.; Sulich, A.; Sun, X.; Tanvir, N. R.; Tenegi-Sangines, F.; Thibault, S.; Thompson, S. J.; Tozzi, A.; Turbet, M.; Vallee, P.; Varas, R.; Venn, K. A.; Veran, J. -P.; Verma, A.; Viel, M.; Wade, G.; Waring, C.; Weber, M.; Weder, J.; Wehbe, B.; Weingrill, J.; Woche, M.; Xompero, M.; Zackrisson, E.; Zanutta, A.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Zechmeister, M.; Zimara, J.The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs (UBV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of similar to 100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 mu m with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 mu m with the addition of a K band spectrograph. It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR. Its modularity will ensure that ANDES can be placed entirely on the ELT Nasmyth platform, if enough mass and volume is available, or partly in the Coude room. ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics. Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration. The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of more than 200 scientists and engineers which represent the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field among ESO member states.The Italian effort for ANDES is supported by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF). The Portuguese participation is supported by FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 -Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao by these grants: UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020 & UIDP/04434/2020; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032113 & PTDC/FIS-AST/32113/2017. Swedish participation in the ANDES project is made possible through the national Swedish ELT Instrumentation Consortium (SELTIC), suppored by the Swedish Research Council (VR). CJM acknowledges FCT and POCH/FSE (EC) support through Investigador FCT Contract 2021.01214.CEECIND/CP1658/CT0001. JLB acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 805445. MTM acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council through Future Fellowship grant FT180100194 SS acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 804240. TMS acknowledgment the support from the SNF synergia grant CRSII5-193689 (BLUVES)With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709Peer reviewe

Dectin-1 Positive Dendritic Cells Expand after Infection with Leishmania major Parasites and Represent Promising Targets for Vaccine Development

Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Priority Program of the German Research Foundation (DFG) (RI 1849/2-1 and 4-1) and the Wellcome Trust (102705). We gratefully acknowledge our Ethiopian partners at the Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa. Rawleigh Howe for excellent supervision of flow cytometry analysis performed at the Armauer Hansen Research Institute and Selfu Girma, Birtukan Endale, Genet Amare and Hareg Yetesh for technical support during the field trips and laboratory work. Supplementary Material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at http://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00263/full#supplementary-material.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Usaha-usaha peningkatan industri pariwisata di Daerah Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

vii+75hlm.;29c