Concepciones alternativas sobre evolución. Un estudio en futuros maestros

Son numerosas las investigaciones desarrolladas en las últimas décadas sobre la presencia de concepciones alternativas en alumnado de diferentes niveles educativos en torno a la Teoría de la Evolución Biológica. En este trabajo tratamos de localizar esas concepciones alternativas en maestros de Primaria en formación. Consideramos indispensable que conozcan y comprendan esta teoría, para que posibiliten una cultura científicamente correcta a sus alumnos. Los resultados obtenidos se mantienen en la línea de investigaciones previas, con presencia de esquemas conceptuales distintos simultáneamente (darwinista y teleológico, creacionista, catastrofista o lamarckiano), a pesar de las numerosas estrategias o soluciones publicadas en este campo sobre la aparición y tratamiento de los mismos

Irrigation and energy: Issues and challenges

Water‐efficient agriculture has implied a large increase in energy consumption for irrigation in recent decades. In many irrigation systems, energy costs are now threatening their sustainability. However, new opportunities have arisen for the use of renewable energies in the irrigation sector. These are some of the aspects of the multifaceted multiple‐actor 'water–food–energy' nexus. Technical, economic and environmental issues are linked in many ways, involving farmers, water users' associations, energy suppliers, engineers and other stakeholders. The ICID session 'Irrigation and energy' triggered discussions on these multiple dimensions. This paper presents a synthesis of the presentations, discussions and conclusions. Four main questions are addressed: How do irrigation productivity and sustainability of water resources exploitation change when farmers have access to energy? What do we know about energy efficiency in irrigation systems, at farm and collective network levels? How can this efficiency be optimized by using advanced technologies, modelling tools, improved management? Is energy production an opportunity for irrigation systems? These questions have been posed based on multiple case studies from different parts of the world. The BRL network, in southern France, illustrates advanced strategies and opportunities to reduce energy consumption and develop energy production at a network level. General conclusions are drawn from this synthesis, illustrating trade‐offs and synergies that can be identified in the irrigation sector at different scales, while opportunities for future research are proposed

A randomized study of nutritional supplementation in patients with unilateral wet age-related macular degeneration

The purpose of this study is evaluate the efficacy and safety of medicinal products con-taining the original Age-Related Eye Disease group (AREDS) formulation at doses approved in Europe (EU, control group; n = 59) with a product that adds DHA, lutein, zeaxanthin, resveratrol and hydroxytyrosol to the formula (intervention group; n = 50). This was a multicenter, random-ized, observer-blinded trial conducted in patients aged 50 years or older diagnosed with unilateral exudative Age related Macular Degeneration AMD. At month 12, the intervention did not have a significant differential effect on visual acuity compared with the control group, with an estimated treatment difference in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) of -1.63 (95% CI -0.83 to 4.09; p = 0.192). The intervention exhibited a significant and, in most cases, relevant effect in terms of a reduction in some inflammatory cytokines and a greater improvement in the fatty acid profile and serum lutein and zeaxantin concentration. In patients with unilateral wet AMD, the addition of lutein, zeaxanthin, resveratrol, hydroxytyrosol and DHA to the AREDS EU recommended doses in the short-term did not have a differential effect on visual acuity compared to a standard AREDS EU formula but, in addition to improving the fatty acid profile and increasing carotenoid serum levels, may provide a beneficial effect in improving the proinflammatory and proangiogenic profile of patients with AMD. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Regulación autonómica cardiovascular en el humano: correlación entre la onda de pulso y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca

La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca se obtiene a partir del electrocardiograma (ECG). Sin embargo, el registro de la onda de pulso a través de la fotopletismografía dactilar (PPG) también contiene información sobre la duración del ciclo cardíaco. En este Proyecto se estudió la relación la intercambiabilidad de estos métodos mediante un análisis de correlación y concordancia entre las series temporales. Las señales analizadas se obtuvieron de sujetos jóvenes y sanos en reposo. Se usaron el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y los límites de concordancia de Bland y Altman para el análisis estadístico. Las series temporales construidas a partir de PPG mostraron características de variabilidad atribuibles al fenómeno mecánico involucrado en la generación de la onda de pulso, que no están presentes en las series temporales del ECG

Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe?

International audienc

Spinor condensates and light scattering from Bose-Einstein condensates

These notes discuss two aspects of the physics of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates: optical properties and spinor condensates. The first topic includes light scattering experiments which probe the excitations of a condensate in both the free-particle and phonon regime. At higher light intensity, a new form of superradiance and phase-coherent matter wave amplification were observed. We also discuss properties of spinor condensates and describe studies of ground--state spin domain structures and dynamical studies which revealed metastable excited states and quantum tunneling.Comment: 58 pages, 33 figures, to appear in Proceedings of Les Houches 1999 Summer School, Session LXXI