On closed rotating worlds

A new solution for the stationary closed world with rigid rotation is obtained for the spinning fluid source. It is found that the spin and vorticity are locally balanced. This model qualitatively shows that the local rotation of the cosmological matter can be indeed related to the global cosmic vorticity, provided the total angular momentum of the closed world is vanishing.Comment: 10 pages, Revtex, to appear in Phys. Rev. D6

Critical Behavior of a 2D Spin-Pseudospin Model in a Strong Exchange Limit

We study the 2D static spin-pseudospin model equivalent to the dilute frustrated antiferromagnetic Ising model with charge impurities. We present the results of classical Monte Carlo simulation on a square lattice with periodic boundary conditions in a “strong” exchange limit. In the framework of the finite-size scaling theory we obtained the static critical exponents for the specific heat α and the correlation length ν for a wide range of the local density–density interaction parameter ∆ and charge density n. It was shown that the system exhibits non-universal critical behavior depending on these parameters. © 2020 Polish Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 18-32-00837/18Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 2277, 5719Government Council on Grants, Russian FederationThe research was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, Program 02.A03.21.0006 and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, projects No. 2277 and 5719 by RFBR according to the research project No. 18-32-00837/18, scholarship of the president of the Russian Federation No. SP-2278.2019.1

Laws of formation of structure and properties in cold-deformed low-carbon structural steel under incomplete quenching

The effect of quenching from the intercritical temperature range on formation of martensite-ferrite structure in steel 10Kh3G3MFS deformed preliminarily by the method of cold radial forging is considered. The microstructure of the steel is studied using optical and scanning electron microscope

Neutron-induced astrophysical reaction rates for translead nuclei

Neutron-induced reaction rates, including fission, are calculated in the temperature range 1.d8 <T (K) < 1.d10 within the framework of the statistical model for targets with atomic number 83 < Z < 119 (from Po to Uuo) from the neutron to the proton drip-line. Four sets of rates have been calculated, utilizing - where possible - consistent nuclear data for neutron separation energies and fission barriers from Thomas-Fermi (TF), Extended Thomas-Fermi plus Strutinsky Integral (ETFSI), Finite-Range Droplet Model (FRDM) and Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov (HFB) predictions. Tables of calculated values as well as analytic seven parameter fits in the standard REACLIB format are supplied. We also discuss the sensitivity of the rates to the input, aiming at a better understanding of the uncertainties introduced by the nuclear input.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables in paper, 2 in Annex and online tables example

Lattice Model for water-solute mixtures

A lattice model for the study of mixtures of associating liquids is proposed. Solvent and solute are modeled by adapting the associating lattice gas (ALG) model. The nature of interaction solute/solvent is controlled by tuning the energy interactions between the patches of ALG model. We have studied three set of parameters, resulting on, hydrophilic, inert and hydrophobic interactions. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations were carried out and the behavior of pure components and the excess properties of the mixtures have been studied. The pure components: water (solvent) and solute, have quite similar phase diagrams, presenting: gas, low density liquid, and high density liquid phases. In the case of solute, the regions of coexistence are substantially reduced when compared with both the water and the standard ALG models. A numerical procedure has been developed in order to attain series of results at constant pressure from simulations of the lattice gas model in the grand canonical ensemble. The excess properties of the mixtures: volume and enthalpy as the function of the solute fraction have been studied for different interaction parameters of the model. Our model is able to reproduce qualitatively well the excess volume and enthalpy for different aqueous solutions. For the hydrophilic case, we show that the model is able to reproduce the excess volume and enthalpy of mixtures of small alcohols and amines. The inert case reproduces the behavior of large alcohols such as, propanol, butanol and pentanol. For last case (hydrophobic), the excess properties reproduce the behavior of ionic liquids in aqueous solution.Comment: 28 pages, 13 figure

Evolution of polarization orientations in a flat universe with vector perturbations: CMB and quasistellar objects

Various effects produced by vector perturbations (vortical peculiar velocity fields) of a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background are considered. In the presence of this type of perturbations, the polarization vector rotates. A formula giving the rotation angle is obtained and, then, it is used to prove that this angle depends on both the observation direction and the emission redshift. Hence, rotations are different for distinct quasars and also for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation coming along different directions (from distinct points of the last scattering surface). As a result of these rotations, some correlations could appear in an initially random field of quasar polarization orientations. Furthermore, the polarization correlations of the CMB could undergo alterations. Quasars and CMB maps are both considered in this paper. In the case of linear vector modes with very large spatial scales, the maximum rotation angles appear to be of a few degrees for quasars (located at redshifts z<2.6) and a few tenths of degree for the CMB. These last rotations produce contributions to the B mode of the CMB polarization which are too small to be observed with PLANCK (in the near future); however, these contributions are large enough to be observed with the next generation of satellites, which are being designed to detect the small B mode produced by primordial gravitational waves

Extreme geomagnetic disturbances due to shocks within CMEs

We report on features of solar wind-magnetosphere coupling elicited by shocks propagating through coronal mass ejections (CMEs) by analyzing the intense geomagnetic storm of 6 August 1998. During this event, the dynamic pressure enhancement at the shock combined with a simultaneous increase in the southward component of the magnetic field resulted in a large earthward retreat of Earth\u27s magnetopause, which remained close to geosynchronous orbit for more than 4 h. This occurred despite the fact that both shock and CME were weak and relatively slow. Another similar example of a weak shock inside a slow CME resulting in an intense geomagnetic storm is the 30 September 2012 event, which strongly depleted the outer radiation belt. We discuss the potential of shocks inside CMEs to cause large geomagnetic effects at Earth, including magnetopause shadowing

Dynamical charge inhomogeneity and crystal-field fluctuations for 4f ions in high-Tc cuprates

The main relaxation mechanism of crystal-field excitations in rare-earth ions in cuprates is believed to be provided by the fluctuations of crystalline electric field induced by a dynamic charge inhomogeneity generic for the doped cuprates. We address the generalized granular model as one of the model scenario for such an ingomogeneity where the cuprate charge subsystem remind that of Wigner crystal with the melting transition and phonon-like positional excitation modes. Formal description of R-ion relaxation coincides with that of recently suggested magnetoelastic mechanism.Comment: 4 page

Effect of microstructure on the oxidation behavior of a β-solidified γ-TiAl based alloy after nitrogen ion implantation

The microstructure of the oxide layer of a β-solidifying γ-TiAl alloy (Ti-43.2Al-1.9V-1.1Nb-1.0Zr-0.2Gd-0.2B) after nitrogen ion implantation was studied after сyclic oxidation tests at 800 ˚C. Oxidation resulted in the formation of the continuous oxide scale, consisting of thin inner and outer TiO2, dense Al₂O₃ and mixed Al₂O₃ + TiO₂ layers. It was revealed that the nitrogen ion implantation considerably inhibited the growth of the oxide scale, internal oxidation and Al-depleted zones. Thick Al-depleted zones and a mixture of Al2O3 and TiO2 were formed along the colony boundarie