Effect of Vegetation Time and Climatic Conditions on trans- Resveratrol Concentrations in Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot Wines from Different Regions in Turkey

In this study, 21 wine samples obtained from wine manufacturers in Turkey and produced from differentgrape varieties cultivated in different geographical regions, were analysed to determine their resveratrolconcentrations. The HPLC method was used to analyse the trans-resveratrol concentrations of wines.Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20.0.0. Mean values were comparedby using the Tukey test at a confidence level of p = 0.05. The resveratrol concentrations of CabernetSauvignon and Merlot grapes were also determined. Since these two varieties are grown widely in manyregions of Turkey, they were studied in terms of the relationship of the resveratrol concentrations withparameters such as time of vegetation, total effective temperature, sunshine duration and rainfall. Positivecorrelations were observed between resveratrol levels and grape varieties, geographical regions and totaleffective temperature. The results of the statistical analysis showed that resveratrol concentrations alsovaried depending on vegetation time, sunshine duration and amount of rainfall in the vineyards. Thisstudy aimed to identify the relationships between (1) resveratrol concentrations of wines, (2) vegetationtime of the grapes and (3) climatic conditions of the respective regions. Moreover, the effects of grapetypes on resveratrol concentrations were investigated. This study contributes to the body of knowledgeby providing results on the utilisation of grapes that have high resveratrol levels for producing wines thathave functional properties that are increasingly in demand by consumers

Salicylic acid and fish flour pre-treatments affect wheat phenolic and flavonoid compounds, lipid peroxidation levels under salt stress

The potential effect of combined salicylic acid and fish flour to improve plant tolerance to salt stress was investigated. This pre-treatment improved the growth of wheat seedlings under salinity when compared to control (untreated wheat seedlings). Moreover, combined pre-treatment improved significantly phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activities, also phenolic-flavonoid content in the shoots of salt stressed seedlings. One of the most important consequences of increase in salt stress is the oxidative tissue damage. In our study, salt stress increased lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) and also the loss of chlorophylls levels during stress might also be related to photo-oxidation resulting from oxidative stress. Whereas phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities of wheat shoots increased by a 2.1-fold under salt stress, the activities of shoots grown from seeds primed with salicylic acid and fish flour (SA + FF) increased by a 4-fold for 0.05 mM SA + FF, 4.8- fold for 0.1 mM SA + FF and 3.7-fold for 2.5 mM SA + FF combined pre-treatment under salt stress. Also, the combined salicylic acid + fish flour primed seedlings showed higher content of the scopoletin, and salicylic, syringic, vanilic and gallic acids under both salt and nonsalinity stress conditions

Practical review of the place of social networks in our daily life and their effect on today’s youth,

In this study, we practically reviewed the negative effects of social networks on today’s youth which became somewhat indispensable to them. The study was based on the university students attending public and private universities and the high-school students. The number of participants included in the study is 894 individuals in total. The study was completed in an eight month period. Within this period, specific student groups were asked to fill in a survey composed of eighty questions on their own free will and choices. While the survey had two sections, the 60 questions in the first section were prepared in a 5-point Likert scale. In the first section, questions towards the use of social networks were answered. The last 20 questions were demographic which were arranged as multiple-choice questions. The data from the survey were analyzed via the statistical program SPSS 15. The results of the analysis and findings were presented as tables and explanations at the end of the study. This study contributes to the understanding of social status and problems experienced by today’s youth related to the social networking web pages. At the end of the research, we came to the conclusion that social networks had a negative effect on the youth

PTPN22 gene polymorphism in Takayasu's arteritis

Objective. Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a chronic, rare granulomatous panarteritis of unknown aetiology involving mainly the aorta and its major branches. In this study, genetic susceptibility to TA has been investigated by screening the functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of PTPN22 gene encoding the lymphoid-specific protein tyrosine phosphatase. Methods. Totally, 181 patients with TA and 177 healthy controls are genotyped by PCR-RFLP method for the SNP rs2476601 (A/G) of PTPN22 gene. Polymorphic region was amplified by PCR and digested with Xcm I enzyme. Results. Detected frequencies of heterozygous genotype (AG) were 5.1% (9/177) in control group and 3.8% (7/181) in TA group (P = 0.61, odds ratio: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.3, 2.0). No association with angiographic type, vascular involvement or prognosis of TA was observed either. Conclusion. The distribution of PTPN22 polymorphism did not reveal any association with TA in Turkey. © The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved

Towards tunable graphene phononic crystals

Phononic crystals (PnCs) are artificially patterned media exhibiting bands of allowed and forbidden zones for phonons—in analogy to the electronic band structure of crystalline solids arising from the periodic arrangement of atoms. Many emerging applications of PnCs from solid-state simulators to quantum memories could benefit from the on-demand tunability of the phononic band structure. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of suspended graphene PnCs in which the phononic band structure is controlled by mechanical tension applied electrostatically. We show signatures of a mechanically tunable phononic band gap. The experimental data supported by simulation suggests a phononic band gap at 28–33 MHz in equilibrium, which upshifts by 9 MHz under a mechanical tension of 3.1 N m−1. This is an essential step towards tunable phononics paving the way for more experiments on phononic systems based on 2D materials

Manifesto for a European research network into Problematic Usage of the Internet

Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The Internet is now all-pervasive across much of the globe. While it has positive uses (e.g. prompt access to information, rapid news dissemination), many individuals develop Problematic Use of the Internet (PUI), an umbrella term incorporating a range of repetitive impairing behaviours. The Internet can act as a conduit for, and may contribute to, functionally impairing behaviours including excessive and compulsive video gaming, compulsive sexual behaviour, buying, gambling, streaming or social networks use. There is growing public and National health authority concern about the health and societal costs of PUI across the lifespan. Gaming Disorder is being considered for inclusion as a mental disorder in diagnostic classification systems, and was listed in the ICD-11 version released for consideration by Member States (http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/revision/timeline/en/). More research is needed into disorder definitions, validation of clinical tools, prevalence, clinical parameters, brain-based biology, socio-health-economic impact, and empirically validated intervention and policy approaches. Potential cultural differences in the magnitudes and natures of types and patterns of PUI need to be better understood, to inform optimal health policy and service development. To this end, the EU under Horizon 2020 has launched a new four-year European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action Programme (CA 16207), bringing together scientists and clinicians from across the fields of impulsive, compulsive, and addictive disorders, to advance networked interdisciplinary research into PUI across Europe and beyond, ultimately seeking to inform regulatory policies and clinical practice. This paper describes nine critical and achievable research priorities identified by the Network, needed in order to advance understanding of PUI, with a view towards identifying vulnerable individuals for early intervention. The network shall enable collaborative research networks, shared multinational databases, multicentre studies and joint publications.Peer reviewe

Orbitofrontal and caudate volumes in cannabis users: a multi-site mega-analysis comparing dependent versus non-dependent users.

Cannabis (CB) use and dependence are associated with regionally specific alterations to brain circuitry and substantial psychosocial impairment.The objective of this study was to investigate the association between CB use and dependence, and the volumes of brain regions critically involved in goal-directed learning and behaviour-the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and caudate.In the largest multi-site structural imaging study of CB users vs healthy controls (HC), 140 CB users and 121 HC were recruited from four research sites. Group differences in OFC and caudate volumes were investigated between HC and CB users and between 70 dependent (CB-dep) and 50 non-dependent (CB-nondep) users. The relationship between quantity of CB use and age of onset of use and caudate and OFC volumes was explored.CB users (consisting of CB-dep and CB-nondep) did not significantly differ from HC in OFC or caudate volume. CB-dep compared to CB-nondep users exhibited significantly smaller volume in the medial and the lateral OFC. Lateral OFC volume was particularly smaller in CB-dep females, and reduced volume in the CB-dep group was associated with higher monthly cannabis dosage.Smaller medial OFC volume may be driven by CB dependence-related mechanisms, while smaller lateral OFC volume may be due to ongoing exposure to cannabinoid compounds. The results highlight a distinction between cannabis use and dependence and warrant examination of gender-specific effects in studies of CB dependence

A Field Study Aiming to Determine Entrepreneurial Profiles of University Students (Examples of Dumlupinar University – Inönü University),

Element of entrepreneurship had an important role in ensuring the social welfare and in regional development in the 21st century. In this sense, universities undertaking the mission of educating future.s entrepreneurs bear tremendous responsibility. It is obligatory to determine the university students. tendency of entrepreneurship, and to guide correctly those having entrepreneurship characteristics and bring them in to the business life. In this study, it is aimed to determine entrepreneurship profiles of students receiving education in different faculties/ departments; and to compare certain demographical characteristics of students educated in School of Physical Education and Sports (S.P.E.S.) with the characteristics of students participated in the research and receiving education in other faculties. Also the effects of total time of doing sports and status and period of registered sporting on the entrepreneurship profiles of participants were examined. Research was made practically on 479 students receiving education in ¡°Faculties of Education, Economic and Administrative Sciences, and School of Physical Education and Sports¡± who were elected by means of random sampling method. 247 female and 232 male students participated in the research. At the end of the study, it is determined that infrastructure of entrepreneurship of the university students is at a satisfactory level, and that entrepreneurship level did not differ according to the variables of gender and age. It is found that students with a monthly income ¡Â 500 TL have a lower entrepreneurship level in comparison to the other income groups, and students who are doing sports and have a social-extravert and active psychological structure have a higher entrepreneurship level. Also, it is established that students of school of physical education and sports have the highest entrepreneurship level according to the variable of faculty and department