3-Nitrotriazole-based piperazides as potent antitrypanosomal agents

publisher: Elsevier articletitle: 3-Nitrotriazole-based piperazides as potent antitrypanosomal agents journaltitle: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.042 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: 3-Nitrotriazole-based piperazides as potent antitrypanosomal agents journaltitle: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.042 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: 3-Nitrotriazole-based piperazides as potent antitrypanosomal agents journaltitle: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.042 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: 3-Nitrotriazole-based piperazides as potent antitrypanosomal agents journaltitle: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.042 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Discovery of potent nitrotriazole-based antitrypanosomal agents: In vitro and in vivo evaluation

publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Discovery of potent nitrotriazole-based antitrypanosomal agents: In vitro and in vivo evaluation journaltitle: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.014 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Discovery of potent nitrotriazole-based antitrypanosomal agents: In vitro and in vivo evaluation journaltitle: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.014 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Discovery of potent nitrotriazole-based antitrypanosomal agents: In vitro and in vivo evaluation journaltitle: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.014 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Discovery of potent nitrotriazole-based antitrypanosomal agents: In vitro and in vivo evaluation journaltitle: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.014 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Editorial: Integrative Physiology of Common Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders

This is the final version. Available on open access from Frontiers media via the DOI in this recor

Lightweight Interactions for Reciprocal Cooperation in a Social Network Game

The construction of reciprocal relationships requires cooperative interactions during the initial meetings. However, cooperative behavior with strangers is risky because the strangers may be exploiters. In this study, we show that people increase the likelihood of cooperativeness of strangers by using lightweight non-risky interactions in risky situations based on the analysis of a social network game (SNG). They can construct reciprocal relationships in this manner. The interactions involve low-cost signaling because they are not generated at any cost to the senders and recipients. Theoretical studies show that low-cost signals are not guaranteed to be reliable because the low-cost signals from senders can lie at any time. However, people used low-cost signals to construct reciprocal relationships in an SNG, which suggests the existence of mechanisms for generating reliable, low-cost signals in human evolution.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure

Static stretching of the hamstring muscle for injury prevention in football codes: a systematic review

Purpose: Hamstring injuries are common among football players. There is still disagreement regarding prevention. The aim of this review is to determine whether static stretching reduces hamstring injuries in football codes. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on the online databases PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane, Web of Science, Bisp and Clinical Trial register. Study results were presented descriptively and the quality of the studies assessed were based on Cochrane’s ‘risk of bias’ tool. Results: The review identified 35 studies, including four analysis studies. These studies show deficiencies in the quality of study designs. Conclusion: The study protocols are varied in terms of the length of intervention and follow-up. No RCT studies are available, however, RCT studies should be conducted in the near future

Seeing the woods for the trees: the problem of information inefficiency and information overload on operator performance

One of the recurring questions in designing dynamic control environments is whether providing more information leads to better operational decisions. The idea of having every piece of information is increasingly tempting (and in safety critical domains often mandatory) but has become a potential obstacle for designers and operators. The present research study examined this challenge of appropriate information design and usability within a railway control setting. A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the presentation of different levels of information (taken from data processing framework, Dadashi et al., 2014) and the association with, and potential prediction of, the performance of a human operator when completing a cognitively demanding problem solving scenario within railways. Results indicated that presenting users only with information corresponding to their cognitive task, and in the absence of other, non task-relevant information, improves the performance of their problem solving/alarm handling. Knowing the key features of interest to various agents (machine or human) and using the data processing framework to guide the optimal level of information required by each of these agents could potentially lead to safer and more usable designs

Fatigue testing of three peristernal median sternotomy closure techniques

Failure of a sternotomy closure because of closure system fatigue is a complication that may result in dehiscence and put the individual at risk for serious complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the fatigue performance of three peristernal median sternotomy closure techniques (figure-of-eight stainless-steel wires, figure-of-eight stainless-steel cables, or Pectofix Dynamic Sternal Fixation [DSF] stainless-steel plates) in order to quantify the potential risk of fatigue failure of these devices when subject to cyclic loads in physiologically relevant loading directions

Genome of the Avirulent Human-Infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli

Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts.  Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins.  Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets

Pharmacology education for nurse prescribing students – a lesson in reusable learning objects

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The shift away from a biological science to a social science model of nursing care has resulted in a reduction in pharmacology knowledge and understanding in pre-registration nursing students. This has a significant impact on nurse prescribing training where pharmacology is a critical component of the course from a patient safety perspective.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Reusable learning objects (RLOs) are electronic resources based on a single learning objective which use high quality graphics and audio to help engagement with the material and to facilitate learning. This study used questionnaire data from three successive cohorts of nurse prescribing students (n = 84) to evaluate the use of RLOs focussed around pharmacology concepts to promote the understanding of these concepts in students. A small number of students (n = 10) were followed up by telephone interview one year after qualification to gain further insight into students' perceptions of the value of RLOs as an educational tool.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Students' perceptions of their own understanding of pharmacology concepts increased substantially following the introduction of RLOs to supplement the pharmacology component of the course. Student evaluation of the RLOs themselves was extremely positive with a number of students continuing to access these tools post-qualification.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The use of RLOs to support the pharmacology component of nurse prescribing courses successfully resulted in a perceived increase in pharmacology understanding, with some students directly implicating these educational tools in developing confidence in their own prescribing abilities.</p

Measurement and Interpretation of Fermion-Pair Production at LEP energies above the Z Resonance

This paper presents DELPHI measurements and interpretations of cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries, and angular distributions, for the e+e- -> ffbar process for centre-of-mass energies above the Z resonance, from sqrt(s) ~ 130 - 207 GeV at the LEP collider. The measurements are consistent with the predictions of the Standard Model and are used to study a variety of models including the S-Matrix ansatz for e+e- -> ffbar scattering and several models which include physics beyond the Standard Model: the exchange of Z' bosons, contact interactions between fermions, the exchange of gravitons in large extra dimensions and the exchange of sneutrino in R-parity violating supersymmetry.Comment: 79 pages, 16 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J.