The Results of Treatment with Streptomycin Plus Pyrazinamide in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Despite Prolonged Treatment with Isoniazid Plus PAS

This report presents the findings during a year or more of observation of 20 South Indian patients who, after an initial course of isoniazid plus PAS, were treated with streptomycin plus pyrazinamide for active pulmonary tuberculosis. The combination of streptomycin plus pyrazinamide was chosen, first, because of its likely therapeutic effectiveness, since all the patients had streptomycin-sensitive strains of bacilli, secondly, because it presented an opportunity to study supervised drug administration in domiciliary patients in a community in which the selfadministration of antituberculosis drugs could not be depended on (Fox, 1958 ; Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre, 1959, 1960 ; Velu et al., 1960). The patients were either unsuitable for or unwilling to undergo surgery

David Quentin Bowen: A memorial

The Quaternary community lost a giant and a leader on October 5, 2020, when David Quentin Bowen, known to many as “DQ” and founding editor of Quaternary Science Reviews, passed away in Cardiff. Born on February 14, 1938 in Llanelli, SouthWales, he received his PhD at University College London. David’s 50 years of contributions to our science cannot be adequately summarized in a brief memorial but past, present, and future generations of Quaternary scientists will long remember his landmark achievements in publishing, his scientific contributions, and his personal and professional class in all his endeavors

Tissue-specific transcriptional programming of macrophages controls the microRNA transcriptome targeting multiple functional pathways

Recent interest in the biology and function of peritoneal tissue resident macrophages (pMΦ) has led to a better understanding of their cellular origin, programming and renewal. The programming of pMΦ is dependent on microenvironmental cues and tissue specific transcription factors, including GATA6. However, the contribution of microRNAs remains poorly defined. We conducted a detailed analysis of the impact of GATA6-deficiency on microRNA expression in mouse pMΦ. Our data suggest that for many of the pMΦ, microRNA composition may be established during tissue specialization, and that the effect of GATA6 knockout is largely unable to be rescued in the adult by exogenous GATA6. The data are consistent with GATA6 modulating the expression pattern of specific microRNAs, directly or indirectly, and including miR-146a, -223, and -203 established by the lineage-determining transcription factor PU.1, to achieve a differentiated pMΦ phenotype. Lastly, we showed a significant dysregulation of miR-708 in pMΦ in the absence of GATA6 during homeostasis and in response to LPS/IFN-γ stimulation. Overexpression of miR-708 in mouse pMΦ in vivo altered 167 mRNA species demonstrating functional downregulation of predicted targets, including cell immune responses and cell cycle regulation. In conclusion, we demonstrate dependence of the microRNA transcriptome on tissue-specific programming of tissue macrophages as exemplified by the role of GATA6 in pMΦ specialization

Survey of highly non-Keplerian orbits with low-thrust propulsion

Celestial mechanics has traditionally been concerned with orbital motion under the action of a conservative gravitational potential. In particular, the inverse square gravitational force due to the potential of a uniform, spherical mass leads to a family of conic section orbits, as determined by Isaac Newton, who showed that Kepler‟s laws were derivable from his theory of gravitation. While orbital motion under the action of a conservative gravitational potential leads to an array of problems with often complex and interesting solutions, the addition of non-conservative forces offers new avenues of investigation. In particular, non-conservative forces lead to a rich diversity of problems associated with the existence, stability and control of families of highly non-Keplerian orbits generated by a gravitational potential and a non-conservative force. Highly non-Keplerian orbits can potentially have a broad range of practical applications across a number of different disciplines. This review aims to summarize the combined wealth of literature concerned with the dynamics, stability and control of highly non-Keplerian orbits for various low thrust propulsion devices, and to demonstrate some of these potential applications

Evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014: Literature Review

Evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014: Literature Review Edited by: Llewellyn, M., Verity, F. and Wallace, S. Chapter authors: Chapter 1: Evaluation Overview and Literature Methodology Verity, F., Wallace, S., Llewellyn, M., Anderson, P. and Lyttleton-Smith, J. Chapter 2: Well-being literature review Anderson, P., Lyttleton-Smith, J., Kosnes, L., Read, S., Blackmore, H. and Williams, Z. Chapter 3: Prevention and early intervention literature review Verity, F., Read, S. and Richards, J. Chapter 4: Co-production literature review Andrews, N., Calder, G., Blanluet, N., Tetlow, S. and Wallace, S. Chapter 5: Multi-agency literature review Wallace, C., Orrell, A., Garthwaite, T., Tetlow, S. and Wallace, S. Chapter 6: Voice and control literature review Llewellyn, M., Saltus, R., Blackmore, H., Tetlow, S., Williams, Z. and Wallace, S. Chapter 7: Financial and economic literature review Phillips, C., Prowle, M., Tetlow S. and Williams Z.Mae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. This document is also available in Welsh. OGL © Crown Copyright Digital ISBN 978-1-80038-948-9.This document is a summary of the extensive review of the literature to inform the evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (hereafter referred to as ‘the Act’).Welsh Governmen

Evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014: Literature Review

The author list for the literature review is provided below: Evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014: Literature Review Chapter authors: Introduction and methods Verity, F., Wallace, S., Llewellyn, M., Anderson, P. and Lyttleton-Smith, J. Well-being Anderson, P., Lyttleton-Smith, J., Kosnes, L., Read, S., Blackmore, H. and Williams, Z. Prevention and early intervention Verity, F., Read, S. and Richards, J. Co-production Andrews, N., Calder, G., Blanluet, N., Tetlow, S. and Wallace, S. Multi-agency Wallace, C., Orrell, A., Garthwaite, T., Tetlow, S. and Wallace, S. Voice and control Llewellyn, M., Saltus, R., Blackmore, H., Tetlow, S., Williams, Z. and Wallace, S. Financial and economic Phillips, C., Prowle, M., Tetlow, S. and Williams, Z. Service user and carer experiences under the Act Wallace, S.This report is a summary of the extensive review of the literature to inform the evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014. This document is a summary of the extensive review of the literature undertaken to inform the evaluation of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (hereafter referred to as ‘the Act’).1 The Welsh Government has commissioned a partnership between academics across four universities in Wales and expert advisers to deliver the evaluation. The Act sets out a government vision to produce ‘transformative changes’ in social service public policy, regulations, and delivery arrangements across Wales. It has 11 parts and is informed by five principles that set out a vision to produce transformative changes in public policy, regulations, and service delivery. Aligned to it are structures, processes, and codes of practice. The Evaluation of the Act – a study called IMPACT – is organised around each of the five principles together with a focus on the financial and economic aspects of the Act’s implementation. The approach to undertaking this evaluation research is to structure the evaluation by using the fundamental principles of the Act as the scaffolding. These principles are: • Well-being • Prevention • Co-Production • Multi-agency working • Voice and control There is also a focus on the financial and economic considerations of the implementation of the Act and this area constitutes the sixth evaluation study theme

Mitochondrial DNA Evidence for a Diversified Origin of Workers Building Mausoleum for First Emperor of China

Variant studies on ancient DNA have attempted to reveal individual origin. Here, based on cloning sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms, we analyzed polymorphisms in the first hypervariable region and coding regions of mitochondrial DNA of 19 human bone remains which were excavated from a tomb near the Terra Cotta Warriors and dated some 2,200 years before present. With the aim of shedding light on origins of these samples who were supposed to be workers building the mausoleum for the First Emperor of China, we compared them with 2,164 mtDNA profiles from 32 contemporary Chinese populations at both population and individual levels. Our results showed that mausoleum-building workers may be derived from very diverse sources of origin

Searches for B0(s)→J/ψppˉ and B+→J/ψppˉπ+ decays

The results of searches for B0(s)→J/ψ pp¯ and B + → J/ψ p p¯ π+ decays are reported. The analysis is based on a data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions, collected with the LHCb detector. An excess with 2.8 σ significance is seen for the decay B0s→J/ψ pp¯ and an upper limit on the branching fraction is set at the 90 % confidence level: B(B0s→J/ψ pp¯) < 4.8 × 10−6, which is the first such limit. No significant signals are seen for B0 → J/ψ pp¯ and B+ → J/ψ pp¯ π + decays, for which the corresponding limits are set: B(B0→J/ψ pp¯) < 5.2 × 10−7, which significantly improves the existing limit; and B(B+→J/ψ pp¯π+) < 5.0 × 10−7, which is the first limit on this branching fraction