38 research outputs found

    Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

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    This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

    Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

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    PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

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    PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Comfort characteristics of cotton fabrics finished with fluoro-alkyl nano lotus finish

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    342-348The influence of fluoro-alkyl nano lotus finish in conjunction with a silicone softener on the comfort characteristics of finished cotton apparel fabrics has been studied to impart repellency for oil and water with soil release characteristics. Fabric handle, thermal and hygral comfort in terms of total hand value, thermal insulation value and moisture transport characteristics have been analyzed through a new expression (3T values). Fluoro-alkyl, non-ionic nano emulsion is applied on the cotton woven fabric by pad-dry-cure technique at three different finish concentrations (15, 25 and 35 gpl) with 65 – 70% expression at padding. The self-cleaning and soil - release characteristics are found to be efficient at 15 gpl finish concentration, as observed from still photographs of fabric samples after washing. The fabric treated with 25 gpl finish scores the best ranking as per 3TV, the newly derived expression for comprehensive evaluation of handle and comfort characteristic

    Backtracking without Trailing inCI..P(!RL~n)

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    Existing CLP languages support backtracking by generalizing tradit~onal Prolog imp~ementatmns: modifications totheconstra~nt system aretrailed and restoredon backtracking. AItfmugh simple and effic~ent,, trailing may be very demanding in memory space, since the constraint system maY pmentmlly be saved at each chmce point. TM article proposes a new ~mplementation scheme for backtracking in CLP languages over Iinear(ratlonal or reali arithmetic. Thenewscheme. called semanttc fmcktmcktngq does not use trailing but rather exploits the semantics of the constramtsto undo the effect of newly added constraints. Semant~c backtracking reciuces the space complexity compared to ~mplementations based ontrailing bymaking ltessent~aIly independent of thenumber ofchoicepolnts. Inacfcfitlon, semantic backtracking introduces negligible space and time overhead on deterministic programs. The pr~ce forthls improvement is an increase in backtracfungt~me. although constraint-solving time mayactually cfecrease Thescheme has been implemented aspartof acomplete CLP system CLP(!J?LinJ and compared analytically and experlmenta~~y with Optimlzed trailing lmP~ementatlons Experimental results on small and real-hfeproblerm indicate that semantic backtracking produces significant reduct~on m memory space, while keeping the time overhead reasonably small

    Backtracking without trailing in CLP (R Lin

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