Nonsmooth optimality criterion for a W1,2\mathrm{W}^{1,2}-controlled sweeping process: Nonautonomous perturbation

We extend to $\mathrm{C}\times \mathrm{W}^{1,2}$-local minimizers and nonautonomous perturbation function, the necessary optimality conditions derived in [1], via continuous-time approximations, for $\mathrm{W}^{1,2}\times \mathrm{W}^{1,2}$-local minimizers of an optimal control problem governed by a controlled nonconvex sweeping process with autonomous perturbation function.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2301.0047

Pontryagin-type maximum principle for a controlled sweeping process with nonsmooth and unbounded sweeping set

The Pontryagin-type maximum principle derived in [30] for optimal control problems involving sweeping processes is generalized to the case where the sweeping set C is nonsmooth and not necessarily bounded, namely, C is the intersection of a finite number of zero-sublevel sets of smooth functions

A Control Space Ensuring the Strong Convergence of Continuous Approximation for a Controlled Sweeping Process

A controlled sweeping process with prox-regular set, $W^{1,2}$-controls, and separable endpoints constraints is considered in this paper. Existence of optimal solutions is established and local optimality conditions are derived via strong converging continuous approximations that entirely reside in the interior of the prox-regular set. Consequently, these results are expressed in terms of new subdifferentials for the original data that are strictly smaller than the standard Clarke and Mordukhovich subdifferentials

Development of the first georeferenced map of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp. in Mexico from 1970 to date and prediction of its spatial distribution

The tick genus Ripicephalus (Boophilus), particularly R. microplus, is one of the most important ectoparasites that affects livestock health and considered an epidemiological risk because it causes significant economic losses due, mainly, to restrictions in the export of infested animals to several countries. Its spatial distribution has been tied to environmental factors, mainly warm temperatures and high relative humidity. In this work, we integrated a dataset consisting of 5843 records of Rhipicephalus spp., in Mexico covering close to 50 years to know which environmental variables mostly influence this ticks’ distribution. Occurrences were georeferenced using the software DIVA-GIS and the potential current distribution was modelled using the maximum entropy method (Maxent). The algorithm generated a map of high predictive capability (Area under the curve = 0.942), providing the various contribution and permutation importance of the tested variables. Precipitation seasonality, particularly in March, and isothermality were found to be the most significant climate variables in determining the probability of spatial distribution of Rhipicephalus spp. in Mexico (15.7%, 36.0% and 11.1%, respectively). Our findings demonstrate that Rhipicephalus has colonized Mexico widely, including areas characterized by different types of climate. We conclude that the Maxent distribution model using Rhipicephalus records and a set of environmental variables can predict the extent of the tick range in this country, information that should support the development of integrated control strategies

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700