Effects of adrenalin on ovarian injury formed by ischemia reperfusion in rats

In this study, the impacts of adrenalin on ovarian injury caused by ischemia reperfusion were investigated in rats. In addition, it’s been investigated whether there is a correlation between adrenergic receptors and oxidant/anti-oxidant and COX1/COX-2 levels. It’s been observed that the COX-2 level that is responsible for MDA and inflammatory reaction (which are the indicators of oxidative stress in ovarian tissue to which ischemia reperfusion was applied) increased and the COX-1 levels that are responsible for GSH (an endogenic anti-oxidant with protective impact) were depressed. Adrenalin has prevented an increase in MDA and COX-2 activity in the ovarian tissue, to which I/R was applied, and prevented a reduction in GSH and COX-1 activity. However, adrenalin failed to prevent an MDA increase in ovarian tissue, to which alpha-2 adrenergic receptor blocker yohimbine was given (I/R formed), and also failed to prevent a GSH and COX-1 decrease. Adrenalin also failed to inhibit the COX-2 activity increase in ovarian tissue, to which beta blocker was applied. As a result, stimulation of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in an ovarian tissue causes an anti-oxidant and protective effect, while stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors causes an anti-inflammatory effect. It’s been thought that adrenalin protects the ovarian tissue against ischemia reperfusion by stimulating the alpha-2 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

FTO gene-lifestyle interactions on serum adiponectin concentrations and central obesity in a Turkish population

The aim of the study was to investigate whether lifestyle factors modify the association fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and obesity in a Turkish population. The study included 400 unrelated individuals, aged 24-50 years recruited in a hospital setting. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall and self-report questionnaire, respectively. A genetic risk score (GRS) was developed using FTO SNPs, rs9939609 and rs10163409. Body mass index and fat mass index were significantly associated with FTO SNP rs9939609 (P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively) and GRS (P=0.002 and P=0.003, respectively). The interactions between SNP rs9939609 and physical activity on adiponectin concentrations, and SNP rs10163409 and dietary protein intake on increased waist circumference were statistically significant (Pinteraction=0.027 and Pinteraction=0.044, respectively). This study demonstrated that the association between FTO SNPs and central obesity might be modified by lifestyle factors in this Turkish population

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

The Protective Effect of Melatonin and Agomelatin against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in the Rat Kidney

ALP, Hamit Hakan/0000-0002-9202-4944;WOS: 000331251400019Cisplatin is used to treat various types of cancers. Its use is limited, however, due to nephrotoxicity, which may result from free radical damage. Evidence exists that melatonin reduces oxidative stress-induced damage. This study investigated the protective effect of agomelatin, a melatonin receptor agonist, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in the rat kidney. Groups of rats were given cisplatin with or without agomelatin or melatonin, or distilled water for 14 days. MDA, tGSH, MPO and 8-OH Gua levels were measured to determine oxidative and DNA damage in renal tissue. Levels of MDA, MPO and 8-OH Gua were lower in the Mel+Cis and Ago+Cis groups than in the Cis group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.05, respectively). the tGSH level in the Mel+Cis group was higher than that in the Cis group (P < 0.001). Agomelatin and melatonin thus reduced cisplatin-induced oxidative damage and DNA damage in the rat kidney. This suggests that melatonin may be effective in preventing cisplatin nephrotoxicity