U.S. Government Electronic Information Resources: A Start-Up Kit for Small and Medium-Sized Libraries

The U.S. Government is the largest producer of information in the world. Through its agencies it creates, gathers, and produces information on topics from the arts to the sciences and for all types of library users –children to senior citizens. Since 1858 the Federal Depository Library Program (F.D.L.P.) has been responsible for collecting, organizing, maintaining, preserving, and providing information from the federal government. Congressionally- designated libraries (up to two per congressional district) receive selected classes of government resources at no cost, and in return are obligated to provide open and free access to this material. These include some of the most useful reference sources at the information desk – the Occupational Outlook Handbook, Statistical Abstract of the United States, and the World Factbook. While depository libraries receive these items free, non-depository libraries have had to purchase these materials from the Government Printing Office (G.P.O.) or a repackaged version from a commercial publisher

Introduction

This issue of Indiana Libraries is sponsored by INDIGO, Indiana Networking for Documents and Information of Government Organizations. INDIGO’s goals are to provide a forum for the discussion and exchange of ideas, to provide programs to increase the availability, use, and bibliographic control of government information, and to provide a voice for Indiana’s federal and state depositories concerning government information issues. INDIGO’s members include the state’s specialists in local, state, federal and international government information (see the Indiana Federal Depository Libraries Directory included in this issue). Some of these specialists have contributed articles for this issue of Indiana Libraries. The United States government is the largest print and electronic publisher in the world and locating specific items within this vast historical print and current electronic collection can be overwhelming. In this issue of Indiana Libraries Sylvia Andrews and Heather Smedberg provide guides to information concerning native Americans, Bert Chapman highlights national security policy documents, Lou Malcomb and Mardi Mahaffy locate maps of Indiana buried in the U.S. Congressional Serial Set, Elaine Skopelja identifies documents and Web sites for health and medicine, and Linda R. Zellmer provides government information on the environment and natural sciences. With the move to migrate from print to electronic publishing a wealth of government publications are now available free on the Internet. Any library can learn how to add electronic government documents to their online catalog and/or download and enhance a Web page template of basic government documents resources using the startup kit in this issue. This issue also includes articles by Andrea Singer on locating foreign documents and Daina Bohr on the processing of federal documents

Geothermal studies - Yellowstone National Park /test site 11/, Wyoming

Summary report of diamond drilling in thermal areas of Yellowstone National Park, and method for determining heat flow in thermal area

The rheology of dense, polydisperse granular fluids under shear

The solution of the Enskog equation for the one-body velocity distribution of a moderately dense, arbitrary mixture of inelastic hard spheres undergoing planar shear flow is described. A generalization of the Grad moment method, implemented by means of a novel generating function technique, is used so as to avoid any assumptions concerning the size of the shear rate. The result is illustrated by using it to calculate the pressure, normal stresses and shear viscosity of a model polydisperse granular fluid in which grain size, mass and coefficient of restitution varies amoungst the grains. The results are compared to a numerical solution of the Enskog equation as well as molecular dynamics simulations. Most bulk properties are well described by the Enskog theory and it is shown that the generalized moment method is more accurate than the simple (Grad) moment method. However, the description of the distribution of temperatures in the mixture predicted by Enskog theory does not compare well to simulation, even at relatively modest densities.Comment: 8 postscript figures Replaced with new version correcting an error in the SME calculations and misc. small corrections. Second replacement with final correction of SME calculation

Pathogens on the Hands of Hospitalized Patients

Hand hygiene is recognized as the most important measure to prevent the transmission of infection. Despite evidence that infections can be transferred from contact with a patient’s skin or the environment, little research has been directed toward patient-centered hand hygiene. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between patient characteristics and the presence of pathogens on patients’ hands. This cross-sectional, observational study collected bacterial samples and demographic data from 22 adult medical-surgical patients at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center East. Bacteria were collected using glove juice sampling procedures. Samples were then serially diluted, plated, and incubated. Aerobic colonies were counted using standard counting procedures and were statistically analyzed. Pathogen specific confirmation was performed using appropriate confirmatory tests, such as gram staining and selective media. Patient demographic data, such as sex, age, ethnicity, length of stay, admitting diagnosis, and isolation precautions, were abstracted from the electronic health record. The relationship between patient data and bacterial presence was analyzed using chi-squared tests. Results show that 86% (19/22) of patients were positive for S. aureus, 36% (8/22) were positive for MRSA, 86% (19/22) were positive for C. difficile, 24% (5/21) were positive for C. difficile using UV light analysis, and 30% (4/13) were positive for VRE. The average number of colony forming units per mL of solution was 8.59 x 102. An increased length of stay was not associated with an increased bacterial load. There was no relationship between infectious diagnosis or isolation precautions and bacterial load. A lack of association between patient characteristics and bacterial load may be due to a lack of long-term follow-up with patients and a small sample size. The results of this study suggest that a high percentage of patients’ hands are positive for infectious organisms such as S. aureus, MRSA, C. difficile, and/or VRE. Patient hand hygiene protocols could decrease the transmission of infection, resulting in better patient outcomes and a decrease in healthcare costs.  Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholarship ProgramNo embargoAcademic Major: Nursin

Velocity-based formulations for standard and quasi-incompressible hypoelastic-plastic solids

This is the accepted version of the following article: [Franci, A., Oñate, E., and Carbonell, J. M. (2016) Velocity-based formulations for standard and quasi-incompressible hypoelastic-plastic solids. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng, 107: 970–990. doi: 10.1002/nme.5205], which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nme.5205/abstractWe present three velocity-based updated Lagrangian formulations for standard and quasi-incompressible hypoelastic-plastic solids. Three low-order finite elements are derived and tested for non-linear solid mechanics problems. The so-called V-element is based on a standard velocity approach, while a mixed velocity–pressure formulation is used for the VP and the VPS elements. The two-field problem is solved via a two-step Gauss–Seidel partitioned iterative scheme. First, the momentum equations are solved in terms of velocity increments, as for the V-element. Then, the constitutive relation for the pressure is solved using the updated velocities obtained at the previous step. For the VPS-element, the formulation is stabilized using the finite calculus method in order to solve problems involving quasi-incompressible materials. All the solid elements are validated by solving two-dimensional and three-dimensional benchmark problems in statics as in dynamics.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Determinants of the Demand for Manpower Training : Some Empirical Results

Le présent document offre un modèle à court terme de la demande de formation de la main-d'oeuvre. La méthode utilisée ici est essentiellement économique. On suppose que la demande de formation est fonction de la valeur présente estimée des avantages nets. Les avantages économiques qui découlent de la formation reposent sur la différence de revenu qui mesure la modification apportée à la productivité du travailleur grâce à la formation. Comme les attentes de l'individu en matière de différence de revenu ne varieront pas en courte période, la demande à court terme de formation de la main-d'oeuvre dépendra principalement des coûts.Le principal élément des coûts pour le stagiaire éventuel est celui du traitement perdu par suite de la formation. On a calculé approximativement ces coûts selon les niveaux de chômage qui permettent d'estimer le montant des gains que perdra le stagiaire au cours de la période de formation.Les facteurs saisonniers influent également sur la demande de formation de la main-d'oeuvre ; c'est pourquoi nous incluons également ces variables à titre de facteurs déterminants supplémentaires. Les résultats de la régression ont indiqué que la demande varie avec les niveaux de chômage et qu'elle est de nature saisonnière, c'est-à-dire qu'elle est faible au cours du premier trimestre et élevée au quatrième.Cette étude nous permet donc de conclure que la demande de formation de la main-d'oeuvre, contrairement à d'autres formes d'enseignement, est influencée par les changements qui se produisent dans le cycle économique, tels que mesurés par les niveaux de chômage, et que la politique de main-d'oeuvre actuelle joue un rôle contracyclique en combattant le chômage.The author develops a short-run model for the demand of manpower training. It is shown that the short-run demand for manpower training is sensitive to the levels of unemployment as well as to seasonal factors. Various functional forms are also investigate

Diffusion of a fluid through a viscoelastic solid

This paper is concerned with the diffusion of a fluid through a viscoelastic solid undergoing large deformations. Using ideas from the classical theory of mixtures and a thermodynamic framework based on the notion of maximization of the rate of entropy production, the constitutive relations for a mixture of a viscoelastic solid and a fluid (specifically Newtonian fluid) are derived. By prescribing forms for the specific Helmholtz potential and the rate of dissipation, we derive the relations for the partial stress in the solid, the partial stress in the fluid, the interaction force between the solid and the fluid, and the evolution equation of the natural configuration of the solid. We also use the assumption that the volume of the mixture is equal to the sum of the volumes of the two constituents in their natural state as a constraint. Results from the developed model are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data for the diffusion of various solvents through high temperature polyimides that are used in the aircraft industry. The swelling of a viscoelastic solid under the application of an external force is also studied.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures, submitted to International Journal of Solids and Structure