Las Outsourcing en materia laboral

Resumen Al hablar de Outsourcing se presenta una problemática muy particular en virtud de que para los trabajadores es un poco difícil entender quién es finalmente su patrón, lo anterior porque reciben en ocasiones indicaciones de ejecutivos de la empresa contratante de los servicios; para las empresas esta figura representa una estrategia de negocios, a través de ellas las organizaciones buscan evitar el pago de las prestaciones laborales en beneficio de los trabajadores. El enfoque de esta investigación es descriptiva, mediante un proceso de recopilación bibliográfica y documental, consultando libros, revistas, bases de datos electrónicas y proyectos de investigación; ante la información obtenida se seleccionó aquella que por su contenido embonaba con el presente tema.  Palabras clave: Outsourcing, patrón, trabajador.  Abstract             When talking about Outsourcing a very particular problem arises because for workers it is a little difficult to understand who is finally their employer, the previous because they sometimes receive indications from executives of the contracting company of the services; for companies, this figure represents a business strategy, through which organizations seek to avoid payment of labor benefits for the benefit of worker. The focus of this research is descriptive, through a process of bibliographic and documentary compilation, consulting books, journals, electronic databases and research projects; in view of the information obtained, the one chosen for its content fit the present theme.  Keywords: Outsourcing, pattern, employee

Guía para evitar ser considerados como Empresas Facturadoras de Operaciones Simuladas (EFOS) y Empresas que Deducen Operaciones Simuladas (EDOS).

El tráfico de comprobantes fiscales a través de operaciones simuladas, ha provocado una baja sustancial en la recaudación de impuestos, de ahí que, las autoridades fiscales han establecido mecanismos para detectar, vigilar y eliminar los esquemas agresivos de evasión fiscal para sancionar y proceder penalmente a los contribuyentes que incurran en el delito de defraudación fiscal; el presente trabajo se realizó mediante una revisión bibliográfica, con el objetivo dar a conocer las consecuencias fiscales en que pueden incurrir las personas físicas y morales al realizar o deducir operaciones simuladas; por lo que se define una guía para evitar ser clasificados como EFOS. y EDOS

Identificación y fluctuación poblacional del minador de la hoja Liriomyza trifolii en chile jalapeño en el norte de Sinaloa.

Mexico is one of the main producers of pepper. Near 140,000 ha are sown per year and the production rises to 1’180,000 t. In Sinaloa near 17,180 ha/per year are sown, with a production of 488,153 t. this crop is a major source of jobs and economic income. With the results of this research, we identified leaf miner species and their population fluctuation in jalapeño pepper at three locations in the north of Sinaloa. Twenty-nine weekly samplings were done from October 2008 to April 2009. Mines were counted leaflets. Adult fluctuation was determined with yellow fluorescent impact-traps at the height of the crop and another trap was set at 1.70 m. Liriomyza trifolli (Burgues) was determined taxonomically by using specialized keys. Even though the occurrence of the agromizid miner was observed in flowers and fruits stages of jalapeño pepper plants at the three locations, it was higher in Guasave compared to Ahome and El Fuerte locations. More adult agromizids were observed on the variable high traps than on the 1.70 high onesMéxico es de los principales productores de chile, ya que al año se siembran alrededor de 140,000 ha y la producción asciende a 1´180,000 t. En el estado de Sinaloa se establecen, en promedio, 17,180 ha/año, con una producción de 488,153 t. Este cultivo es una importante fuente de empleos y de derrama económica. Se identificaron las especies de minadores de la hoja y su fluctuación poblacional en el cultivo de chile jalapeño en tres municipios del norte de Sinaloa. Se desarrollaron 29 muestreos semanales de octubre de 2008 a abril de 2009. Se contabilizaron minas en foliolos. La fluctuación de adultos se determinó con trampas de impacto color amarillo fluorescente a la altura del cultivo y una trampa fija a 1.70 m. Se determinó taxonómicamente a Liriomyza trifolli (Burgess) mediante claves especializadas. Este agromícido presentó cantidades altas en el municipio de Guasave en comparación con Ahome y El Fuerte, aunque en los tres lotes las poblaciones más abundantes fueron en las etapas de floración y fructificación. Las trampas de altura variable capturaron más adultos del minador de la hoja en los tres lotes, en comparación con trampas fijas a 1.70 m

Childhood acute leukemias are frequent in Mexico City: descriptive epidemiology

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Worldwide, acute leukemia is the most common type of childhood cancer. It is particularly common in the Hispanic populations residing in the United States, Costa Rica, and Mexico City. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of acute leukemia in children who were diagnosed and treated in public hospitals in Mexico City.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Included in this study were those children, under 15 years of age and residents of Mexico City, who were diagnosed in 2006 and 2007 with leukemia, as determined by using the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. The average annual incidence rates (AAIR), and the standardized average annual incidence rates (SAAIR) per million children were calculated. We calculated crude, age- and sex-specific incidence rates and adjusted for age by the direct method with the world population as standard. We determined if there were a correlation between the incidence of acute leukemias in the various boroughs of Mexico City and either the number of agricultural hectares, the average number of persons per household, or the municipal human development index for Mexico (used as a reference of socio-economic level).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Although a total of 610 new cases of leukemia were registered during 2006-2007, only 228 fit the criteria for inclusion in this study. The overall SAAIR was 57.6 per million children (95% CI, 46.9-68.3); acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was the most frequent type of leukemia, constituting 85.1% of the cases (SAAIR: 49.5 per million), followed by acute myeloblastic leukemia at 12.3% (SAAIR: 6.9 per million), and chronic myeloid leukemia at 1.7% (SAAIR: 0.9 per million). The 1-4 years age group had the highest SAAIR for ALL (77.7 per million). For cases of ALL, 73.2% had precursor B-cell immunophenotype (SAAIR: 35.8 per million) and 12.4% had T-cell immunophenotype (SAAIR 6.3 per million). The peak ages for ALL were 2-6 years and 8-10 years. More than half the children (58.8%) were classified as high risk. There was a positive correlation between the average number of persons per household and the incidence of the pre-B immunophenotype (Pearson's r, 0.789; P = 0.02).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The frequency of ALL in Mexico City is among the highest in the world, similar to those found for Hispanics in the United States and in Costa Rica.</p

Augmented serum level of major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) protein and reduced NKG2D expression on NK and T cells in patients with cervical cancer and precursor lesions

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. NK and cytotoxic T cells play an important role in the elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells through NKG2D activating receptors, which can promote the lysis of target cells by binding to the major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) proteins. Increased serum levels of MICA have been found in patients with epithelial tumors. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of soluble MICA (sMICA) and NKG2D-expressing NK and T cells in blood samples from patients with cervical cancer or precursor lesions with those from healthy donors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Peripheral blood with or without heparin was collected to obtain mononuclear cells or sera, respectively. Serum sMICA levels were measured by ELISA and NKG2D-expressing immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Also, a correlation analysis was performed to associate sMICA levels with either NKG2D expression or with the stage of the lesion.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant amounts of sMICA were detected in sera from nearly all patients. We found a decrease in the number of NKG2D-expressing NK and T cells in both cervical cancer and lesion groups when compared to healthy donors. Pearson analysis showed a negative correlation between sMICA and NKG2D-expressing T cells; however, we did not find a significant correlation when the analysis was applied to sMICA and NKG2D expression on NK cells.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results show for the first time that high sMICA levels are found in sera from patients with both cervical cancer and precursor lesions when compared with healthy donors. We also observed a diminution in the number of NKG2D-expressing NK and T cells in the patient samples; however, a significant negative correlation between sMICA and NKG2D expression was only seen in T cells.</p

Maternal dietary patterns and acute leukemia in infants: results from a case control study in Mexico

BackgroundChildhood cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality among children aged 5–14 years in Mexico, with acute leukemia being the most common cancer among infants. Examining the overall dietary patterns allows for a comprehensive assessment of food and nutrient consumption, providing a more predictive measure of disease risk than individual foods or nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in Mexican infants.MethodsA hospital-based case–control study was conducted, comparing 109 confirmed acute leukemia cases with 152 age-matched controls. All participants (≤24 months) were identified at hospitals in Mexico City between 2010 and 2019. Data on a posteriori dietary patterns and other relevant variables were collected through structured interviews and dietary questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in infants.ResultsThe “Balanced &amp; Vegetable-Rich” pattern, characterized by a balanced consumption of various food groups and higher vegetable intake, exhibited a negative association with acute leukemia when compared to the “High Dairy &amp; Cereals” Pattern (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29, 0.90). We observed that mothers who gave birth to girls and adhered to a healthy dietary pattern during pregnancy exhibited significantly lower odds of their children developing AL compared to those who gave birth to boys [OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.11, 0.97)]. Our results underscore the significance of maternal nutrition as a modifiable factor in disease prevention and the importance of prenatal health education

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

Evidence of spatial clustering of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases in Greater Mexico City: report from the Mexican Inter-Institutional Group for the identification of the causes of childhood leukemia

BackgroundA heterogeneous geographic distribution of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases has been described, possibly, related to the presence of different environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to explore the geographical distribution of childhood ALL cases in Greater Mexico City (GMC).MethodsA population-based case-control study was conducted. Children &lt;18 years old, newly diagnosed with ALL and residents of GMC were included. Controls were patients without leukemia recruited from second-level public hospitals, frequency-matched by sex, age, and health institution with the cases. The residence address where the patients lived during the last year before diagnosis (cases) or the interview (controls) was used for geolocation. Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistic was used to detect spatial clusters (SCs). Relative risks (RR), associated p-value and number of cases included for each cluster were obtained.ResultsA total of 1054 cases with ALL were analyzed. Of these, 408 (38.7%) were distributed across eight SCs detected. A relative risk of 1.61 (p&lt;0.0001) was observed for the main cluster. Similar results were noted for the remaining seven ones. Additionally, a proximity between SCs, electrical installations and petrochemical facilities was observed.ConclusionsThe identification of SCs in certain regions of GMC suggest the possible role of environmental factors in the etiology of childhood ALL

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| &lt; 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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