Paracetamol and analgesic nephropathy: Are you kidneying me?

INTRODUCTION: Analgesic nephropathy is a disease resulting from the frequent use of combinations of analgesic medications over many years, leading to significant impairment of renal function. The observation of a large number of cases of renal failure in patients abusing analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin led to the initial recognition of the nephrotoxicity from the use of analgesics. Phenacetin was subsequently exclusively blamed for this disease. However, the role of a single analgesic as a sole cause of analgesic nephropathy was challenged, and a number of researchers have since attempted to determine the extent of involvement of other analgesics including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin, and paracetamol. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of an 83-year-old woman with a history of NSAID-induced nephropathy with poor pain control and reluctance to use paracetamol. We attempt to briefly review the evidence of paracetamol being implicated in the development of analgesic-induced nephropathy. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of concrete data regarding causative analgesics, including paracetamol. Patients should therefore not be withheld paracetamol, an effective and commonly recommended agent, for fear of worsening renal function

Aplikasi Petri Net Pada Sistem Pembayaran Tagihan Listrik PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Ambon Timur

Petri Net is a model of Mathematics used in the system event discrit to illustrate certain event. One application of Petri Nets is to sketch the entrance occurs in a place like the public service system. This reserce will simply describe the use of Petri Net to sketch the entrance occurs in electricity bill payment system of PT.PLN (Persero) Rayon Ambon Timur by the number of place is 7 and the transition is 8, and to determine the matrix representation and the coverability tree of the model

Banking Fees in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Import 05/08/2014Cílem práce je zhodnotit významnost bankovních poplatků pro vybrané banky České republiky a Slovenska v letech 2007-2012 a posoudit výši poplatků českých a slovenských klientů v roce 2014. V teoretické části je obecně vymezen bankovní systém. V další kapitole je popsán bankovní systém ČR. Závěrečná kapitola je věnována analýze bankovních poplatků. V práci je použita metoda deskripce a komparace. Z výsledků analýzy vyplývá, že elektronické bankovnictví je pro klienta levnější alternativou běžného využívání bankovních služeb. Pro klienta v ČR jsou výrazně levnější malé banky. Ze srovnání nákladovosti bankovních služeb českých a slovenský bank vyplývá, že nejdražší bankou je Slovenská spořitelna, nejlevnější bankou je česká UniCredit Bank. Dle podílu čistých výnosů z poplatků na provozních výnosech banky jsou poplatky nejvýznamnější pro Českou spořitelnu, nejmenší váhu mají pro českou ČSOB.In this thesis, the importance of banking fees for banks in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2007-2012 is examined. The thesis is also focused on the amount of banking fees for the customers of the Czech and Slovak banks in 2014. The theoretical chapter defines a banking system in general. The following chapter describes the Czech banking system. The final chapter contains banking fees analysis. In the thesis, the descriptive method and the comparison method are used. The findings show us that services of the small banks are less expensive than that of the large banks in the Czech Republic. Slovenská spořitelna is the most expensive bank from the large Czech and Slovak banks. Czech UniCredit Bank is bank with the lowest fees. The results of the analysis also show that the internet banking is the cheapest alternative for the customers. Fee income is most important for Česká spořitelna; it is the bank with the highest share of net fee income on the operating income. The Czech ČSOB was identified as the bank with the lowest share of net fee income.156 - Katedra národohospodářskávelmi dobř

Klimawandel in der Erwachsenenbildung: ein neues Bildungskonzept für nachhaltige Entwicklung

Dieser Beitrag zeichnet den Weg von der klassischen "Umweltbildung" zu einem pädagogischen Ansatz, der die globale Nachhaltigkeit angesichts weltumspannender Probleme wie den Klimawandel im Blick hat

Effect of Flame Retardants and Electrolyte Variations on Li-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are being increasingly used and deployed commercially. Cell-level improvements that address flammability characteristics and thermal runaway are currently being intensively tested and explored. In this study, three additives—namely, lithium oxalate, sodium fumarate and sodium malonate—which exhibit fire-retardant properties are investigated with respect to their incorporation into graphite anodes and their electro/chemical interactions within the anode and the cell material studied. It has been shown that flame-retardant concentrations of up to approximately 20 wt.% within the anode coating do not cause significant capacity degradation but can provide a flame-retardant effect due to their inherent, fire-retardant release of CO2 gas. The flame-retardant-containing layers exhibit good adhesion to the current collector. Their suitability in lithium-ion cells was tested in pouch cells and, when compared to pure graphite anodes, showed almost no deterioration regarding cell capacity when used in moderate (≤20 wt.%) concentrations

APLIKASI PETRI NET PADA SISTEM PEMBAYARAN TAGIHAN LISTRIK PT. PLN (Persero) RAYON AMBON TIMUR

Petri Net is a model of Mathematics used in the system event discrit to illustrate certain event. One application of Petri Nets is to sketch the entrance occurs in a place like the public service system. This reserce will simply describe the use of Petri Net to sketch the entrance occurs in electricity bill payment system of PT.PLN (Persero) Rayon Ambon Timur by the number of place is 7 and the transition is 8, and to determine the matrix representation and the coverability tree of the model

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson׳s disease has no significant effect on perceptual timing in the hundreds of milliseconds range.

Bilateral, high-frequency stimulation of the basal ganglia (STN-DBS) is in widespread use for the treatment of the motor symptoms of Parkinson׳s disease (PD). We present here the first psychophysical investigation of the effect of STN-DBS upon perceptual timing in the hundreds of milliseconds range, with both duration-based (absolute) and beat-based (relative) tasks; 13 patients with PD were assessed with their STN-DBS 'on', 'off', and then 'on' again. Paired parametric analyses revealed no statistically significant differences for any task according to DBS status. We demonstrate, from the examination of confidence intervals, that any functionally relevant effect of STN-DBS on relative perceptual timing is statistically unlikely. For absolute, duration-based timing, we demonstrate that the activation of STN-DBS may either worsen performance or have no effect, but that it is unlikely to lead to significant improvement. Although these results are negative they have important implications for our understanding of perceptual timing and its relationship to motor functions within the timing network of the brain. They imply that the mechanisms involved in the perceptual processing of temporal information are likely to be functionally independent from those that underpin movement. Further, they suggest that the connections between STN and the subtantia nigra and globus pallidus are unlikely to be critical to beat-based perceptual timing

Dataset of propylene carbonate based liquid electrolyte mixtures for sodium-ion cells

In this manuscript, we present rheology, ionic conductivity, density, chromatography, and life cycle analysis data on the PC+X electrolyte system with and without LiClO4. In particular, the data are presented in contact with Na surfaces. In this case, photographic images of electrolyte-sodium mixtures are also shown. The data was analyzed using OriginPro software to visualize it in an appropriate manner. In our view, the data serve as comparative values, form a basis of a chromatography analysis and are also valuable for modeling. The analysis of the data is presented in the manuscript “Comprehensive characterization of propylene carbonate based liquid electrolyte mixtures for sodium-ion cells